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关于赣中相山矿田相山“碎斑熔岩” 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
赣中相山矿田相山杂岩体的主体岩石——"碎斑熔岩"的成因和命名,长期看法不一,主要观点有火山喷发成因、火山溢流成因、火山侵出成因、潜火山侵入成因等,本文通过综述"碎斑熔岩"的岩石学和相带特征,结合剥蚀程度、密度垂向变化研究成果,论述了"碎斑熔岩"不是火山岩而是侵入岩的成因观点。同时,对相山是否存在潜火山岩提出了质疑,探讨了相山"碎斑熔岩"的形成深度问题。认为"碎斑熔岩"命名为碎斑花岗斑岩更符合其侵入成因特点。 相似文献
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相山主体岩石碎斑熔岩在岩石成因、岩相归属上长期以来有多种不同的看法,原因在于碎斑熔岩边缘相具有熔结凝灰岩甚至是凝灰岩的特点,过渡相具有熔岩的特征,中间相具有潜火山岩的特征,并且各种相之间呈渐变过渡关系。笔者从碎斑熔岩的岩石矿物组成,稀土、微量元素及同位素特征,提出了碎斑熔岩是由基底变质岩重熔而形成的观点。从斑晶钾长石的低结构态和出溶机理,认为碎斑熔岩的形成环境接近于火山岩和潜火山岩,而与深成岩差别较大。碎斑熔岩中斑晶多呈碎裂状,与火山口内隐爆作用有关,因此将该岩石归属于火山侵出相。 相似文献
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江西相山铀矿田邹家山矿床中流纹斑岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学与Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
在相山铀矿田邹家山矿床中发现晚期侵入到碎斑熔岩中的流纹斑岩岩脉。本文运用激光等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)对该岩脉中锆石进行了U-Pb年龄测定,获得了134.6±1.2Ma(2σ,MSDW=1.2)的形成年龄。该年龄与我们己报导的相山火山侵入杂岩中流纹英安岩、流纹英安斑岩、碎斑熔岩等岩石的年龄一致,进一步表明相山大规模火山活动的时间为早白垩世,并且是一次集中的岩浆活动。相山邹家山流纹斑岩具有高硅,富钾,铝过饱和指数(A/CNK)大于1.1,属于过铝质岩系。该岩石还具有Rb、Th、U、La、Ce、Nd、LREE元素相对富集;Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti明显负异常和中等铕负异常(Eu/Eu*=0.32~0.46)的特点。岩石的锶同位素初始比值ISr为0.7097~0.7136,εNd(t)值为-8.49~-9.62,锆石的εHf(t)值为-3.6~-9.4(集中在-7到-9之间),这些特征表明相山流纹斑岩为硅铝层地壳物质重熔演化的产物。流纹斑岩的Sr-Nd同位素,锆石Hf同位素以及稀土元素配分模式与前人报导的相山火山岩、次火山岩及基底变质岩相似,表明相山火山侵入杂岩在成岩物质的来源上与基底变质岩关系密切,可能是由基底变质岩经部分熔融的产物。结合前人的研究资料,认为相山流纹斑岩可能也是形成于与太平洋板块俯冲作用有关的弧后拉张环境。 相似文献
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相山及邻区七个火山盆地火山岩岩性特征及成因探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文研究赣杭构造带西南端相山及其邻区7个火山盆地主体岩石的特征和成因,从地质产状、岩性、岩石化学等方面做了论述。采用了红外光谱、矿物包裹体、高温实验等研究方法,探讨了岩石的形成机理。相山主体岩石是一种成因特殊的火山碎屑(斑)熔岩,即岩颈碎屑熔岩和岩流碎屑熔岩。相山等火山盆地主体岩石边部的塑性岩屑不是熔离成因,而是由火山喷发作用形成的。火山碎屑熔岩中的斜长石牌号变化大,钾长石主要是低透长石,表明岩石的形成具有高温特征。不同岩石相的矿物中的熔融包裹体有明显的形态标型。碎眉熔岩中的石英碎斑结构,主要是高温热炸裂成因的。7个火山盆地中的主体岩石可划分两大类:相山、玉华山和礼陂火山盆地的主体岩石是火山碎屑熔岩;高家、林家、谙源和谭港火山盆地的主体岩石是弱熔结凝灰岩。 相似文献
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根据对火山岩岩石成份空间变异特征与中生代构造格局间关系的分析和实验岩石学成果,作者认为中国东部中生代陆相火山岩岩石成份主要受构造应力和基底组份的控制,而且基底岩石的重熔也受构造应力控制,也就是说,构造应力场是火山岩成份变异的主要因素。 相似文献
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相山铀矿田与斯特列利措夫铀矿田特征对比 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
相山铀矿田和斯特列利措夫铀矿田均产于破火山口中,相山火山盆地的基底为震旦系变质岩,斯特列利措夫盆地的基底为多期活化的片麻状花岗岩。两盆地的破火山口盖层均为陆相火山岩系,相山破火山口火山岩系为酸性和中酸性岩,斯特列利措夫破火山口火山岩系则为酸性和基性火山岩呈互层产出。破火山口内的构造和蚀变作用发育程度存在明显差异,这是两个铀矿田成矿远景不同的主要原因。 相似文献
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走滑拉分作用与相山产铀火山盆地的就位 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
相山火山盆地是我国著名的产铀火山盆地。本文依据相山盆地深部地质研究成果以及大陆动力学理论,探讨了相山产铀火山盆地的就位机制。研究表明,相山火山盆地火山活动划分为两个旋回,其就位受制于区域深断裂的走滑拉分作用。即第一旋回的火山机构就位于NE向深断裂右旋走滑复活产生的EW向拉分构造,形成了东西向展布的裂隙式火山喷溢带;第二旋回的火山机构就位于NE向深断裂左旋走滑复活产生的SN向拉分构造与EW向基底断裂的结点,产生了中心式火山岩浆喷溢侵出。此外,还探讨了富大铀矿的形成机制。 相似文献
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On the western and southern margins of the sickle shaped Vindhyan basin of north Indian shield, there are basal Vindhyan mafic volcanic rocks referred to as Khairmalia volcanics and Jungel volcanics respectively. These volcanics vary in composition from low-Ti tholeiite to high-Ti alkali basalt showing close affinity with continental flood basalts (CFB) and ocean island basalts (OIB) respectively. The parental magmas of Khairmalia and Jungel alkali basalts were formed by different degrees of partial melting of a garnet lherzolite. The magma of Khairmalia tholeiites was generated by a relatively higher degrees of partial melting of a garnet + spinel lherzolite. The geochemical data coupled with available geological and geophysical data favour a rift type origin of this basin which evolved as a peripheral basin showing many similarities with Paleogene Himalayan foreland basin. The existing radiometric age data suggest that the origin of Vindhyan basin is linked with Aravalli–Satpura orogeny. At about 1800–1600 Ma collision occurred along the Aravalli-Delhi fold belt (ADFB) and Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) with west and south subduction respectively. During this process the subducting lithosphere suffered extensional deformation on its convex side and some pre-existing large faults in the already thin leading edge of subducted plate also reactivated and tapped magma generated by decompressional melting of the subcontinental mantle. The simultaneous processes such as flexural subsidence, reactivation of pre-existing faults, heating, thermal cooling and contraction during volcanism, resulted in the formation of curvilinear warp parallel to the emerging mountain front. The Lower Vindhyan volcano–sedimentary succession was deformed and exposed to erosion before the deposition of Upper Vindhyan rocks. The orogenic forces were active intermittently throughout the Vindhyan sedimentation. 相似文献
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青藏高原北部新生代走构油茶错、纳丁错火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
本文对分布于藏北南羌塘地区的走构油茶错和纳丁错新生代火山岩进行了岩石学、同位素年代学和地球化学研究.两个地区火山岩主要由粗面玄武岩、橄榄粗安岩、安粗岩及粗面岩组成,具有从碱性系列火山岩到高钾钙碱性火山岩连续演化的特征.锆石U-Pb定年表明两个地区火山岩形成时代分别为34.64±0.55Ma和35.03±0.54Ma,另外在走构油茶错安粗岩和粗面岩中发现了大量的捕获锆石.地球化学分析显示,岩石ε_(Hf)(t)均为正值,但随SiO_2含量的增高,ε_(Hf)(t)有减小的趋势.稀土元素配分曲线上轻重稀土分馏明显,无或轻微Eu负异常,尤其是重稀土出现分馏,大多数样品(Sm/Yb)_N值介于6.30~8.25之间,表明原生岩浆起源于含有石榴石的弱亏损型软流圈地幔,中酸性岩浆所具有的类似埃达克岩的地球化学特征是原生幔源岩浆经AFC作用形成的.始新世末期南羌塘地区的火山活动可能与向北俯冲的拉萨地块的岩石圈地幔断离造成的软流圈上涌有关. 相似文献
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A radiometric survey on a sector of the Lipari volcanic island particularly affected by argillification due to hydrothermal processes was carried out. Preliminarily, on the basis of a wide set of field measurements over unaltered outcrops U and K distribution maps were obtained. The concentration of these radioelements increases with the degree of magma differentiation; the U and K content shows maxima (13.4 ppm and 3.7% on average, respectively) in the felsic materials, belonging to the youngest volcanic cycles, and minima (2.7 ppm and 2.0%) in the mafic rocks of the oldest cycles. The Th/U ratio insignificantly varies with magma differentiation and it equals 3.2. Laboratory measurements on volcanic products from altered zones were then used to identify radiometric anomalies related to hydrothermal processes. On the average, argillized rocks have radioactivity approximately five times lower than that measured in the unaltered volcanics. The Th/U ratio against U is rather uniform, whereas Th/K ratio is of the order of 3.6 in less altered rocks K > 0.2%) and it ranges from 7 to 11 in kaolin deposits having the largest depletion in potassium. 相似文献
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John-Joe Traynor 《Geological Journal》1988,23(4):275-292
Marine clastic sediments and volcanics of Arenig (Ordovician) age crop out in South Wales. These were deposited after presumed late Tremadoc erosion and subsequent arc volcanicity. Arenig sedimentation was transgressive, and followed significant erosion of the arc volcanics. Arenig conglomerates, sandstones, and mudstones were deposited in deltaic and turbiditic systems. Storm and tidal processes influenced the shallow marine deposits. The minor rhyolitic volcanics extruded during the Arenig reflect the development of Ordovician marginal basin-type volcanics across Wales. Five sandstone petrofacies are defined and reflect differing proportions of these volcanics and of Cambrian and Precambrian basement material. Sedimentation patterns were controlled by intra-Arenig tectonism during an overall rise in sea level. Facies and petrofacies were ponded in small, interconnected, marine sub-basins. Earliest Arenig tectonism and sedimentation, also recognized in North Wales, reflects the initiation of a marginal basin in Wales. 相似文献