辽宁阜新地区义县组火山岩特征及喷发旋回划分

阜新地区早白垩世义县组火山岩为一套钙碱性系列的基性—中性—中酸性—酸性火山岩组合,是拉张条件下断陷盆地内的火山喷发产物,岩浆来源于地壳.喷发韵律发育,具多期次喷发特点,岩浆演化明显,由基性→中性→酸性演化.由于火山喷发中心的迁移及火山作用时间、方式等因素影响,在各盆地中火山喷发产物具有明显的差异.在阜新-义县盆地内火山喷发产物发育最为完全,它代表了义县组火山岩岩浆演化的全过程.以岩浆演化特征的差异,可划分三个Ⅱ级旋回.     

徐家围子断陷安达地区营城组火山岩喷发期次及其形成演化规律

针对徐家围子断陷安达地区营城组火山岩具有多期喷发、火山岩机构类型多样、叠置分布和岩性复杂的特点,对火山岩喷发期次及火山岩形成演化特征进行研究,找出火山岩的演化规律。其主要表现为:沙河子组沉积末期,本区处于断-拗转换期,盆地内部处于欠补偿特征;营城组一期火山喷发时,主要受西部的活动基底断裂及次级断裂的控制;营城组二期火山喷发时,火山作用由安达西部向东部扩展;营城组三期火山喷发时,深部岩浆活动由强转弱,本区的基底断裂活动减弱,构造活动也向坳陷期形成环境过渡。     

从火山岩特征试论阿木尼克山火山—沉积盆地的形成与演化

一个火山—沉积盆地中火山岩的空间分布、岩石特征及喷发特点等往往表现出一定的规律性,通过这种规律的研究,能够追溯火山—沉积作用的历史,模拟盆地形成与演化的模式。本文试图通过阿木尼克山一带泥盆纪火山岩的特征研究,对其火山—沉积盆地的形成与     

渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷BZ34-9区带火山岩三维刻画及火山喷发期次

基于火山岩溢流相的高连续强振幅和火山通道相的低连续弱振幅2种截然相反的地震反射特征, 建立振幅-方差体地震属性分级-拾取-融合技术刻画火山岩时空展布的方法, 有效刻画火山岩的三维时空展布以及火山喷发期次.通过渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷BZ34-9区带火山岩三维刻画和火山喷发期次研究, 取得以下认识: (1)研究区沙一二段火山岩零星分布, 主要发育在BZ34-9区带中部, 多为中心式喷发; 东营组火山岩广泛发育, 连片分布, 主要发育在BZ34-9区带南部缓坡带, 为中心式、裂隙-中心复合式喷发; (2)沙一二段东部火山先于西部火山喷发, 南部火山先于北部火山喷发; (3)东营组南部火山先于北部火山喷发, 且南部火山喷发期次多于北部, 北部火山多为短暂性喷发; (4)东营组火山较沙一二段活动强烈、喷发次数多、范围广.      

庐山地区新元古代海相火山活动及岩石特征

庐山南麓发育一套变细碧－石英角斑岩系火山岩,岩性组合从早到晚反映了由基性到酸性的岩浆演化规律。火山活动具有由喷发相（喷溢亚相）→喷发－沉积相的特点,构成了具有韵律性的火山喷发特征。经同位素年代研究属晋宁期火山喷发产物,时代归属为新元古代早期。     

内蒙古德莫哈达盆地白音高老组地层层序及时代研究新进展

德莫哈达火山喷发盆地是大兴安岭南段晚中生代重要的火山喷发盆地之一,通过系统剖面研究及路线调查认为,德莫哈达火山喷发盆地由白音高老组火山岩组成,划分为3个岩性段,在白音高老组顶部划分出偏碱性火山岩段,构成一个完整的沉积-喷发旋回。盆地火山岩相有8种类型,圈定了9个Ⅴ级火山机构,受北北东向断裂控制明显。根据锆石U-Pb同位素测年,盆地火山活动时期为128~125Ma,为早白垩世。     

甘肃公婆泉铜矿田中—晚志留世浅海相火山喷发旋回及火山作用演化

根据甘肃公婆泉铜矿田内４条典型地层剖面,确立了甘肃公婆泉群中－上志留统浅海相火山喷发沉积岩系的标准层和层序,并将其划分为１４个韵律和５个旋回。火山喷发旋回由早→晚,火山岩岩性由安山质凝灰岩、安山岩→英安岩、钠流纹岩→石英粗面岩→安山岩,火山岩中铁族元素的丰度由高→低→最低（在石英粗面岩中）→高,形成一个较完整的演化周期。中晚期火山岩所表现出的岩性（出现碱性岩－石英粗面岩）和铁族元素丰度（出现最低值）的突变与区域北西走向断裂的深切活动有关,为铜、银等金属成矿提供主要的地球化学条件。铜、银等成矿元素主要富集在火山喷发旋回中期的英安岩中,表明火山活动中期是主要的成矿期,英安岩可作为重要的找矿标志。此外,早中期火山旋回主要发育于矿田的中西部,而晚期旋回则主要分布在矿田的东部,并且火山喷发的强度和频率增高,表明晚期火山活动中心已明显向东部迁移,因此矿田的东部仍有较大的找矿潜力     

永定五湖早侏罗世火山喷发盆地基本特征

五湖早侏罗世火山喷发盆地位于永安县东18km。构成该盆地的火山地层属藩坑组。岩石组合为玄武岩(安山岩)-流纹岩组合,属双峰式火山岩组合。火山岩相划分为爆发相、溢流相、火山通道相、潜火山相及喷发沉积相五种基本类型,并建立了相序和相组合。火山构造圈定有白叶湖崃破火山、天子山东及大雪山东层状火山,本文重点剖析了白叶湖(山东)破火山,并阐述该火山喷发盆地的发展历史。     

江西南部蔡坊盆地火山岩系层序与地质时代

江西中生代晚期火山岩系发育,形成了北部的峡江-广丰火山岩带和南部的三南-寻乌火山岩带.峡江-广丰火山岩带的火山岩系为一个火山旋回的产物,称为武夷群,并进一步划分为双峰岭、鹅湖岭和石溪组三个组.三南一寻乌火山岩带蔡坊盆地火山岩系也为一个火山旋回的产物,包括上、下两个岩性岩相单元:下单元以沉积岩为主夹火山岩,属火山喷发-沉积相,代表火山活动初始期的产物;上单元以火山岩为主,属火山喷发相,代表火山喷发期的产物.上单元顶部流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(130.79±0.73)Ma,根据新的国际地层表,晚侏罗世与早白垩世之间的界线限定为(145.5±4)Ma,蔡坊盆地火山岩系的地质时代属早白垩世早期.通过岩性岩相对比,结合地层层位,蔡坊盆地火山岩系可归入峡江-广丰火山岩带的武夷群,其中下单元可归入双峰岭组、上单元可归入鹅湖岭组.蔡坊盆地火山岩系层序和地质时代的确定,可为三南-寻乌火山岩带火山系的研究提供参照标准.     

利用地震储层预测技术研究准噶尔盆地玛东地区二叠系佳木河组火山岩特征

玛东2井区二叠系佳木河组发育一套火山岩,在部分探井中发现了油气,通过岩心观察、地震预测等技术开展研究区火山岩特征的研究。研究区火山岩岩性以玄武岩为主,发育少量安山岩、凝灰岩。通过岩心观察、地震储层预测等研究,认为研究区发育火山爆发相、火山溢流相、火山沉积相及火山通道相4种相带。研究区主要发育3个火山喷发群,结合前人对盆地构造演化的研究成果认为,佳木河组形成时期,盆地处于断裂扩张期,断裂活动强烈,极易形成裂隙式喷发。因此,提出佳木河组发育裂隙-中心式喷发模式。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861