Risk assessment of water inrush in karst tunnels based on two-class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

A feasible and accurate method named two-class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is put forward to assess the risk of water inrush in karst tunnels. In view of regarding tunnel face as the evaluation object, 12 influencing factors of water inrush are selected as the evaluation index system consisting of 4 first-class and 12 second-class indices. Based on fuzzy mathematics theory and expert evaluation method, all the indices are quantitatively graded according to five risk grades. The weights of indices affecting water inrush are rationally distributed by using analytic hierarchy process. Membership functions and weights of indices are utilized to stepwise compute the membership degree of indices corresponding to risk grade, and the principle of maximum membership degree is carried out to discern the risk grade of water inrush. The tunnel faces in seven segments of Qiyueshan tunnel are chosen as the case studies. Evaluation results are derived from the proposed method, and they are generally consistent with the actual results through comparisons. This method provides a cogent way for evaluating the risk of water inrush in karst tunnels.     

基于灰色关联分析法的江西省矿山环境质量评价

矿山环境质量评价是环境保护领域中带有方向性并颇具实践意义的工作。科学客观的评价结果可指导矿山环境保护与治理决策,促进矿业资源合理开发。不同矿山所处的开发阶段不同,其存在的环境问题也复杂多样。对数量庞大的多个矿山进行环境质量评价,灰色关联分析法具有较强的实用性。EXCEL数据处理功能的运用,弥补了灰色关联分析法中样本数量不足的缺陷。本文以江西省矿山环境质量评价为例,进行了矿山环境问题成因分析,系统阐述了采用灰色关联分析的评价方法与模型。选取了矿山环境背景和危害两大类共12个评价指标,以全省总矿山为样本评定了各指标作用权重和质量分级,结合综合指数法确定各矿山环境质量等级,为矿山环境保护与治理规划提供了可参考的科学依据。     

基于群灰色关联度分析方法的宝石计算机辅助鉴定教学信息系统

基于群灰色关联度分析方法的宝石计算机辅助鉴定教学信息系统以课堂教学改革和培养实践能力为设计理念,实现了宝石鉴定中的多品种、多参量的综合判断.与传统的灰色关联分析方法相比,群灰色关联度分析方法增加了灰色的准确性和可靠性,减少标准状态模式的数据精度的要求,具有较好的宝石鉴定能力和可靠性.在宝石鉴定教学应用中,该系统突破了传统的教育模式,提供了一个方便的资源共享和辅助鉴定平台,具有推广价值.     

Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity of Gonghe basin based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

Gonghe Basin belongs to arid and semi-arid climatic zone, where water resource is relatively scarce and desertification is serious, so it is necessary to find out water resources carrying capacity. By using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the assessment on water resources carrying capacity in Gonghe Basin was conducted: Water resource carrying capacity of Gonghe County is less, while that of Guinan County and Chaka Town of Wulan County are greater; water resources of Gonghe Basin could sustain cultivated land of 652.6 thousand acres and grassland of 2 368.6 thousand acres respectively in 2020, water resources of Gonghe Basin could sustain cultivated land of 948.2 thousand acres and grassland of 2 247.6 thousand acres respectively in 2030.     

基于模糊数学的地质灾害危险性评价

陕西省引汉济渭工程跨越秦岭构造剥蚀山地和断陷盆地,地质环境条件差,发育地质灾害点72处。选取地质环境条件、地质灾害发育现状和地质灾害预测为评价指标,分别赋予隶属度值;将工程剖分为284个评价单元,采用模糊数学综合评判法计算每个单元的隶属度值,确定危险性小的单元255个,危险性中等的单元29个;说明工程主要位于危险性小的区段。     

Seismic liquefaction potential assessed by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

Liquefaction of loose, saturated granular soils during earthquakes poses a major hazard in many regions of the world. The determination of liquefaction potential of soils induced by earthquake is a major concern and an essential criterion in the design process of the civil engineering structures. A large number of factors that affect the occurrence of liquefaction during earthquake exist a form of uncertainty of non-statistical nature. Fuzzy systems are used to handle uncertainty from the data that cannot be handled by classical methods. It uses the fuzzy set to represent a suitable mathematical tool for modeling of imprecision and vagueness. The pattern classification of fuzzy classifiers provides a means to extract fuzzy rules for information mining that leads to comprehensible method for knowledge extraction from various information sources. Therefore, it is necessary to handle the soil liquefaction problem in a rational framework of fuzzy set theory. This study investigates the feasibility of using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for predicting soil liquefaction during earthquake. In the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of soil liquefaction, the following factors, such as earthquake intensity, standard penetration number, mean diameter and groundwater table, are selected as the evaluating indices. The results show that the method is a useful tool to assess the potential of soil liquefaction.     

Integrated risk zoning of drought and waterlogging disasters based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in Anhui Province,China

This study presents a methodology for risk analysis, assessment, combination, and regionalization of integrated drought and waterlogging disasters in Anhui Province, which is supported by geographical information systems (GIS) and technique of natural disaster risk assessment from the viewpoints of climatology, geography, disaster science, environmental science, and so on. Along with the global warming, the occurrences of water-related disasters become more frequent and serious. It is necessary to determine the mode of spatial distribution of water-related disaster risk. Based on the principle of natural disaster risk, natural conditions, and socioeconomic situation, drought and waterlogging disaster risk index, which combined hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and restorability, was developed by using combined weights, entropy, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Drought and waterlogging disaster risk zoning map was made out by using GIS spatial analysis technique and gridding GIS technique. It was used for comparing the relative risk of economic and life losses in different grids of Anhui Province. It can also be used to compare the situation of different levels of drought and waterlogging disaster combination risk in a similar place. The result shows that the northwestern and central parts of Anhui Province possess higher risk, while the southwestern and northeastern parts possess lower risk. The information obtained from statistical offices and remote sensing data in relation to results compiled were statistically evaluated. The results obtained from this study are specifically intended to support local and national governmental agencies on water-related disaster management.     

基于模糊综合优化模型的地下水质量评价

在应用模糊综合评判法进行地下水水质评估中,存在地下水质量标准与方法要求的分级标准不匹配以及隶属度绝对化的问题。文中在模糊综合评判法的基础上,引入相对隶属度概念表征评价指标与水质标准间的模糊关系,从而建立起模糊综合优化模型。应用该模型对青岛市大沽河地下水源地水质状况进行评价和分析对比,研究结果表明,地下水质量标准符合优化模型对评判标准类型的要求,克服了传统模型存在的标准不兼容问题。指标实测值介于某中间等级时,该等级与左右相邻等级的相对隶属度值均大于0。与绝对的隶属度分布相比,优化模型拓展了指标在各等级隶属度的分布,真实反映了其相对的特征。水源地南部地区(监测井S1和S3)地下水的总硬度、溶解性总固体与其他特征污染物的含量均超过Ⅳ类水质标准,优化模型判定的水质等级也为Ⅳ类水,评价结果符合研究区的实际情况,表明优化模型是可靠的。     

The risk assessment of landslide hazards in Shiwangmiao based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets-Topsis model

The landslide hazard is one of the geological hazards in mountainous zone. Its occurrence is controlled by many factors. To assess the risk level of landslide in Shiwangmiao accurately, intuitionistic fuzzy sets-Topsis model is introduced at first; secondly, the decisive matrix about the intuitionistic fuzzy sets is established, and the index weight coefficients considering the uncertainty of assessment indices are determined by using the Entropy weight method, then the weighed decisive matrix is obtained. Finally, degree of membership at different levels about the landslide is determined based on the ranking sequence of degree of membership, the risk level corresponding to the maximum degree of membership is final assessment level. The conclusions are drawn that accurate rate of risk estimation about landslide hazards is very high based on the intuitionistic fuzzy sets model in comparison with the current specifications, and the method is feasible for the risk assessment of landslide hazards, so it provides a new method and thoughts to assess the risk level of landslide in future.

     

基于模糊综合评判的公路岩质边坡稳定性分级研究

公路岩质边坡具有点多线长、规模小的特点,缺乏详细的岩体力学参数,现有岩体分级系统难以应用。根据公路岩质边坡的特点,考虑建模过程的系统全面性、简明科学性、相对独立性及灵活可操作性,选取合理的边坡稳定性评价指标,建立了边坡稳定性的两层综合评价体系,运用层次分析法确定了评价指标的权重矩阵,采用模糊综合评判方法建立了公路岩质边坡的稳定性分级模型。运用该模型对湖南省常德－吉首高速公路路段内142个岩质边坡稳定性进行了模糊综合评判分级,结果表明,该方法是合理实用的,可供同类工程借鉴。     

矿井涌水水源判别的GRA-SDA耦合模型

选取矿井涌水水源判别中常用的灰色关联分析和逐步判别分析作为基础模型,分析了两者的优缺点及单独使用中存在的问题,提出耦合判别思路,设计了GRA-SDA耦合式水源判别模型。利用某矿区实际样本数据,选取Na++K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-共6组离子以及矿化度作为判别因子,对该模型进行实例验证。分析表明,该模型判别结果与实际情况吻合较好,与单独使用一种分析方法相比较,有效地提高了水源判别正确率。     

基于灰色模糊模型的塔山煤矿构造复杂程度定量评价

为实现大同煤田塔山煤矿构造复杂程度的定性-定量综合分析和分区评价,本次研究充分收集研究区钻孔实测数据和井田详查和勘探阶段的区调资料,以及各煤层采掘工程平面图,统计了研究区近百条褶皱和断裂构造产状、落差和延伸长度等参数,绘制了研究区构造纲要图.厘定了断层密度、断层强度、断层影响指数和褶皱的平面变形系数4个构造评价指标,应...     

基于模糊灰关联投影法的深基坑支护方案优选

针对深基坑支护方案决策影响因素的信息不完全性以及影响因素间与评价指标的灰色关联性,综合应用灰色系统理论、矢量投影原理和模糊数学理论,在灰色关联投影法的基础上,提出了深基坑支护方案优选的模糊灰关联投影法;采用组合赋权方法,使权重能更合理地诠释各指标因素的影响;提出了一种基于最优方案区分度的灵敏度分析方法。工程实例分析表明,采用该方法具有科学实用、操作简便、易于实现程序化、决策灵敏度高等特性,能够为方案的决策提供更为可靠的依据,具有一定的推广和实用价值     

基于模糊综合评判的路基易滑岩层优势结构面研究

优势结构面理论已逐渐在岩土工程中应用。首次将物元模糊耦合评价方法应用于岩体优势结构面的确定中,提出基于物元可拓法的模糊综合评判模型。该模型把易滑岩层的结构面状况作为物元的事物,以结构面的各项几何、物理参数指标及其相应的模糊量值构造复合模糊物元,通过关联度计算,实现对优势结构面的判定。该模型能很好地处理易滑岩层优势结构面计算过程中岩土体性质、规模、产状、分形优势指标及活动状况等不确定的模糊因素,为路基易滑岩层优势结构面的评判提供了一种新途径。此方法克服了传统方法确定优势结构面只考虑数量优势而忽略质量优势的缺点,使结构面评价更合理。通过介绍这种方法的基本理论和操作步骤,并在一工程实例中加以运用。可以看出,该模型有效地保证了工程优势结构面计算中评判的客观性和指标的相容性,大大提高了计算的精度与效率。     

Flood risk assessment in Quzhou City (China) using a coupled hydrodynamic model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE)

Natural Hazards - To evaluate urban flood risk while considering spatial and temporal characteristics, this paper establishes an assessment method based on a coupled hydrodynamic model and a fuzzy...     

Prediction of the Granite—Type Gold Deposits by Grey Relational Analysis

Calculated in this paper is the relational grade between each of ghe 1608 prediction units and the granite-type gold deposits in Jiaodong, concerning 78 geological variants of factors ,in terms of the relational grade analysis of the grey system.The isopleth of the residual values is drawn through trend analysis and anomalies are outlined. Also pointed out in the present paper are the pathfinders for prospecting of gold deposits in various parts of China.     

Risk assessment model of agricultural drought disaster based on grey matter-element analysis theory

Natural Hazards - Carrying out risk assessments of agricultural drought disasters is helpful to understanding agricultural drought quantitatively and scientifically guiding drought prevention and...     

综合指数法和模糊综合法在地下水质量评价中的对比——以遵义市为例

综合指数法和模糊综合评价法在地下水质量评价中被广泛应用。岩溶地区地下水环境脆弱,潜在污染来源复杂。为了更好地了解综合指数法和模糊综合法在岩溶地下水评价中的应用效果,本文以贵州省遵义市为例,利用这两种方法分别对该市具有代表性的9个地下水点水质进行评价和对比分析。结果显示:遵义市浅层地下水水质总体较好,Ⅲ类及Ⅲ类以上水占33 %,但个别区域地下水水质很差,主要为NO2-、NH4+、Mn、Na+、Cl-、SO42-、溶解性总固体、总硬度(CaCO3)和Se等超标;两种方法评价结果一致的共有6个水点,均属Ⅱ类水质,结果不一致的3个水点,在综合指数法中全为Ⅳ类水,而在模糊综合评价中则是Ⅲ类水1个,Ⅴ类水两个。出现差异的主要原因是综合指数法在综合分值计算中过于强调单项指标最大值的作用和未考虑参评指标的权重,而模糊综合法则很好地克服了这些不足,精细地刻画出指标值对水质分级界限的接近程度并量化了所有指标对地下水水质的影响权重。可见,地下水水质评价中,模糊综合法要明显优于综合指数法。