多约束条件下示意性道路网地图渐进式综合

Multiple constraints for schematic road network map cartographic design are analyzed and summarized. Based on this, a set of quantitative criteria are set up and a new road network generalization method including progressive selection and displacement is proposed. Furthermore, topological checking methods for road networks are researched. Based on these constraints, the points in a road network are classified, and a satisfactory and effective schematic map is designed in a con- crete experiment while maintaining topological consistency of the road network between the original and the schematic map     

示意性地图自动设计初探

分析并总结示意性地图的理论基础和基本设计原则。在几种基于矢量制图信息的典型示意性地图设计方法的基础上,提出基于几何、语义多约束条件下的示意性地图的设计方案。采用迭代优化算法,自动生成满足几何、语义和审美要求的示意性地图。     

基于动态分段的道路网示意性地图模型综合

针对传统弧段-结点模型不能完整有效地表达道路网的几何与属性特征,提出了基于动态分段的道路网示意性地图综合模型。即按照道路网属性一致性、图形延续性等原则组织道路网路径实体,以完整路径线状实体为单元,采用基于路径的道路网图形简化、移位一体化处理方法,实现道路网地图快速示意化。实验对比分析结果表明,基于动态分段的道路网示意性地图表达更加清晰、有效。     

示意性地图线路综合方法探讨

对Elroi提出的示意性地图线路综合的格网匹配方法进行研究,提出了基于格网匹配算法的逐点线路综合方法和多点平移方法。实验对比分析表明,逐点综合方法综合后线路与原线路相比,二者契合度更高,精细程度较好,但线路弯曲复杂度很高;多点平移方法综合后线路具有良好的示意性、抽象性特征,但节点位置偏移原线路较大。在制图实践中,可根据不同的制图要求选择相应的方法。     

建筑物的渐进式图形简化方法

以建筑物轮廓图形的直线段为基本图形单元,研究了建筑物图形渐进式综合的算法以及综合过程中的控制策略和数据预处理方法,并实现了该算法.     

高等线的空间关系规则和渐进式图形简化方法

详细讨论了等离线表达地形的规划和以此为基础自动建立等高线关系的方法,对地形特征点、线的提取改进了已有较成熟的方法,建立了一套实用的高等线图形简化的渐进式方法,并对其特殊情况的处理提出了具体的算法。这种方法把不同比例尺跨度的等高线图形综合融为一体,易于实现,等高线图形简化时的等高线相交可在综合过程中控制。     

等高线的空间关系规则和渐进式图形简化方法

详细讨论了等高线表达地形的规则和以此为基础自动建立等高线关系的方法,对地形特征点、线的提取改进了已有较成熟的方法,建立了一套实用的等高线图形简化的渐进式方法,并对其特殊情况的处理提 出了具体的算法。这种方法把不同比例尺跨度的等高线图形综合融为一体,易于实现,等高线图形简化时的等高线相交可在综合过程中控制。     

地图自动综合新理论与方法的研究

地图自动综合是一个公认的世界难题,该问题的解决具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文从现代地图学理论的分析中得出,地图综合是地图学理论的核心问题之一,并从哲学角度分析了地图自动综合的本质问题和可解性。在讨论了地图自动综合现有成果的基础上,提出了应当进一步解决的问题,对部分问题进行了详细的研究,并做了大量的试验工作。本文以研究矢量模式的地图综合理论和方法为主,从理论分析和试验结果上说明地图自动综合是可解的。论文中主要研究的问题如下：１．地图学理论核心的分析。阐述此问题是为了说明地图综合在地图学理论中的地位…     

利用化简分割生成示意性网络地图

从整体到局部相互协调是示意性网络地图的关键所在,已有方法多是单纯地将线段作为示意基本单元,当空间要素分布不均衡时,容易产生示意结果全局表达不一致以及局部要素过于紧凑而变形的现象。考虑网络连通与网络闭合这两个性质,提出了一种化简分割生成方法,核心思想是根据连通化简网络,进而依据闭合构建网眼与线段两种基本示意单元。首先,对网络节点化简以及方向、长度调整,形成整体一致的化简网络;其次,将化简网络分割为网眼集合与线段集合;第三,建立从网眼至线段的示意化过程,通过网眼局部控制以避免要素过于紧凑。实验讨论了本文方法在不同示意约束规则之下的表现效果,与经典迭代寻优方法的对比分析表明,在网络整体形态保持与局部要素布置方面具有一定的优势。     

示意性轨道交通地图设计的研究

示意性地图作为一种特殊的专题地图,较之传统专题地图,有着不同的制图法则和制图方法,目前,示意性地图的设计还缺乏充足的理论依据和技术支持,本文从图面、风格、符号等方面对示意性地图的设计进行了研究,提出了一些示意性地图综合的方法,最后将这些方法应用到一个实例之中。     

Schematic road network map progressive generalization based on multiple constraints

Multiple constraints for schematic road network map cartographic design are analyzed and summarized. Based on this, a set of quantitative criteria are set up and a new road network generalization method including progressive selection and displacement is proposed. Furthermore, topological checking methods for road networks are researched. Based on these constraints, the points in a road network are classified, and a satisfactory and effective schematic map is designed in a concrete experiment while maintaining topological consistency of the road network between the original and the schematic map.     

Progressive graphic simplification of contours based on spatial reasoning

This paper discusses the rules representing relief with contour lines and methods for automatically constructing relation of contour lines.Meanwhile,the improvement of existent methods for extracting the topographic characteristic points and lines is described.On the basis of this analysis,we propose a series of practicable progressive graphic simplification ideas of contour lines and concrete algorithms for the exception's handling.In this way,graphic generalizations of contour lines at different scales are integrated into one model that is convenient to implement,and in which contour lines' intersection in generalization can be controlled.     

Progressive graphic simplification of contours based on spatial reasoning

This paper discusses the rules representing relief with contour lines and methods for automatically constructing relation of contour lines. Mean-while, the improvement of existent methods for extracting the topographic characteristic points and lines is described. On the basis of this analysis, we propose a series of practicable progressive graphic simplification ideas of contour lines and concrete algorithms for the exception’s handling. In this way, graphic generalizations of contour lines at different scales are integrated into one model that is convenient to implement, and in which contour lines’ intersection in generalization can be controlled.     

图形简化过程中空间拓扑关系抽象的规律

以局域基本拓扑关系的抽象为基础,着重阐述了线与线之间局域拓扑关系抽象的规则,并研究了相邻两类局域基本空间拓扑关系合并的规律,提出了在空间抽象过程中渐进式删除局域拓扑关系的方法。     

基于空间关系认知的新模式地图设计——以路网构架图表达“一带一路”路线为例

地图所要表达的空间结构通常通过空间关系来建构和描述,包括距离关系、方向关系和拓扑关系。本文基于空间关系认知,从定名量表、顺序量表、间隔量表、比率量表4个量表分析了传统地图与新模式地图的空间关系分辨率的变化过程,并以路网架构图为例,对比了传统地图与新模式地图的认知效果,提出在制图中要重视认知效率和表现对象的细节程度。     

Automated Generation of Schematic Network Maps Adaptive to Display Sizes

Schematic maps have been popularly used for the representation of metro (or underground) lines and nowadays have also been used for the representation of other network maps. This paper presents a strategy for automated generation of schematic network maps for different display sizes, based on a redistribution of line density. This strategy consists of three steps: (a) estimation of spatial density of the network maps, (b) automated redistribution of line density in order to improve map clarity, for different display sizes, and (c) automated generation of schematic representations. An experimental evaluation has been carried out by using two sets of real-life network data. The results indicate that this strategy is able to generate schematic maps with much improved clarity for different display sizes and well-preserved map recognition.