天然地基承载力可靠度的研究

采用Ｈａｎｓｅｎ公式的计算模式,运用可靠度基本理论建立了天然地基承载力可靠度分析的概率模型,通过一个实际场地的可靠度研究,得出了相应于现行总安全系数的可靠度指标和设计验算点,并在此基础上探讨了基本变量互相关对可靠度指标的影响,得出了有益的结论。     

加筋土稳定可靠度分析

将可靠度分析的ＪＣ法运用于加筋土坡稳定分析中,以瑞典法为计算模型,以土的抗剪强度指标Ｃ,ψ为基本随机变量,结合工程实例探讨了加筋土坡稳定可靠度分析中的若干规律性问题,得出了一些有益的结论。     

加筋土坡稳定可靠度分析

将可靠度分析的JC法运用于加筋土坡稳定分析中,以瑞典法为计算模型,以土的抗剪强度指标C,φ为基本随机变量,结合一工程实例探讨了加筋土坡稳定可靠度分析中的若干规律性问题,得出了一些有益的结论.     

水泥土支护体稳定的可靠度分析

以土层剪切强度指标为基本变量, 对水泥土支护体稳定性设计内容建立了可靠度分析方法, 依据上海软土地区 21 例地质资料, 利用一次二阶矩验算点法( JC 法)对有关的失效模式进行了可靠度指标的核算与分析, 探讨了基本变量的敏感性。     

相关情况下Hasofer_Lind可靠度指标的求解

岩土工程的可靠度计算中, 基本变量之间往往存在着较强的相关性。 阐述了相关情况下 Hasofer-Lind 可靠度指标计算的几种方法: 正交变换法; 改进的验算点一次二阶矩法; Monte-Carlo 模拟法; 优化求解法。 在用优化方法求解可靠度指标 β 时, 利用 Microsoft Excel 中的规划求解器来进行优化求解, 避免了相关变量的独立变换以及求极限状态函数对基本变量的偏导数这两个问题。 实例比较了不同方法的求解结果。     

尾矿坝稳定性的可靠度分析

以极限平衡理论和传统的安全系数方法为基础,将可靠度理论引入尾矿坝稳定性分析中。通过敏感性分析和可靠度计算分析发现,尾矿材料的内摩擦角的变异性将显著地影响尾矿坝稳定性分析的可靠指标,重度的变异性对可靠指标的影响大于粘聚力的变异性的影响。简述了尾矿坝稳定性分析中利用可靠度理论的重要性,并建议在尾矿坝的可靠度分析中,将尾矿材料的抗剪强度指标c, 和重度 作为基本随机变量。     

填土边坡稳定性的可靠度分析

为了系统地建立填土边坡稳定性的可靠度分析方法, 首先, 在可靠度分析原理的基础上, 对填土边坡的不确定性进行了讨论; 然后, 建立了多变量影响下填土边坡可靠度分析的基本流程; 最后, 以广西平乐县二塘锰矿区典型填土边坡为例, 基于GeoStudio软件, 应用所提出的分析流程对典型填土边坡的可靠度指标进行了计算, 通过"安全概率"对边坡的安全性进行了评价.研究结果表明: (1)填土边坡的不确定性包括内部结构和环境因素两方面, 前者不确定因素来自于填土土体不确定性和边坡的几何特征不确定性, 后者不确定性因素来自于降雨、地震和人工加载等; (2)可靠度分析的基本流程为填土边坡系统不确定性分析、建立可靠度极限状态方程、求解可靠度指标和边坡安全性评价; (3)广西平乐二塘锰矿填土边坡敏感性因素排序为: 内摩擦角Φ＞黏聚力C＞车辆荷载F; (4)考虑50年一遇极值降雨过程, 稳定性系数在降雨12 h达到最小, 其可靠度指标(β)为8.79, 破坏概率为0.根据《滑坡防治工程设计与施工技术规范》所规定的安全系数, 填土边坡的安全概率为69.84%.      

边坡稳定模糊随机可靠度分析

考虑边坡稳定评价中存在的两种不确定性--模糊性和随机性,以模糊随机变量为基本变量,建立模糊随机功能函数和模糊随机极限方程,得到模糊可靠指标和模糊可靠度。本文给出模糊随机可靠度的计算方法,给出实例并与经典随机可靠度比较,得到更合理的结果。     

碎石类土极限承载力标准值表的研究

以可靠度理论为基础的极限状态设计法是当今世界工程设计领域的发展趋势,地基基础要应用可靠度理论进行设计是一大难点,而地基极限承栽力标准值的确定是最重要的方面。利用原制订基本承载力时的荷载试验资料,再补充收集了一部分新资料,重新提出极限承载力,找出极限承栽力与基本承载力的关系值K(安全系数),将K值乘以基本承载力表,并以公式计算值及林业部标准进行比较。综合得出极限承载力范围值表,在此基础上进行概率分析,得出极限承载力标准值。通过直接或间接的方法求得极限承载力标准值变异系数。     

参数变异性对抗滑桩锚固深度可靠度的影响分析

工程岩（土）体由于地质条件、取样及试验条件等的差异,其物理力学性质指标均表现出较强的变异性.在常规抗滑桩锚固深度计算方法的基础上,建立起抗滑桩锚固深度可靠度分析的计算模型.通过工程实例,分析了参数的变异性对抗滑桩锚固深度可靠度的影响.认为参数变异性对抗滑桩锚固深度可靠度影响明显,参数变异性越大,抗滑桩失效概率也越大,同时得出抗滑桩锚固深度的可靠度对岩土体内摩擦角φ、内聚力C及容重γ的变异性最为敏感.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861