共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 765 毫秒
1.
贵州典型岩溶区岩溶地下水污染评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文选取贵州三个岩溶典型类型,即地下水集中排泄类型,地下水集中开采区类型和城镇区岩溶地下水类型,根据各类型岩溶区的岩溶发育特征,水文地质条件,地下水污染类型和方式,分别用集中参数模型和分布参数模型,对地下水污染进行了评价,所得结果均拟合良好。 相似文献
2.
拟建的某二级公路所在地区岩溶工程地质发育。通过分析该区岩溶发育的主要条件,调查各种岩溶形态的分布及发育特点,岩溶地下水的补径排特征来研究其岩溶发育特征,并对拟建公路的岩溶工程地质条件进行了评价和建议。研究表明,该区各种岩溶形态发育,针对某些岩溶病害,工程建设中应采取适当措施以减小其危害。 相似文献
3.
皖北豫东地区岩溶发育规律的初步认识 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
本文应用宏观与微观相结合的方法,从建造和改造两个方面,系统地研究了皖北及豫东地区的岩溶发育规律。区内可溶岩地层为震旦纪、寒武纪及奥陶纪碳酸盐岩建造。主要岩溶形态有岩溶丘陵和干谷、溶沟和石牙、溶痕、岩溶石鳞、岩溶裂隙、溶洞和溶孔等。属于中国北方岩溶类型。 相似文献
4.
5.
典型溶蚀丘陵系统岩溶发育特征及其水资源开发条件分析—— 以湖南省新化县桑梓镇为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国典型溶蚀丘陵型岩溶发育区主要分布于湘中的新化县-涟源县一带。受中国大陆梯级地形、复杂地质背景、气候水文等内外环境因子的联合作用,发育了一系列独具特色的不同类型的岩溶地貌及形态组合。宏观岩溶地貌主要有四种类型: 丛丘谷地、丘岭谷地、峰丛洼地谷地和峰丘谷地。不同单元岩溶发育特征差异明显。溶蚀速度在10. 26~ 30. 04m3 /km2· a,总体上侵蚀作用大于溶蚀作用,以流水溶蚀- 侵蚀形态为主导特征。开发利用岩溶水应从地貌差异和岩溶水系统多层多块结构特点出发,因地制宜,蓄、引、提、堵等多种开发方式相结合。 相似文献
6.
通过西康一、二线的地质勘察对发育于秦岭南部腹地的石炭系、泥盆系和寒武-奥陶系的海相沉积的巨厚层的碳酸盐岩建造中存在的岩溶现象的地质特征进行了论述,并结合既有工程修建所揭露的岩溶的发育程度及形态对秦岭南部腹地发育的岩溶初步划分了垂直渗流岩溶带、水平潜流岩溶带。在此基础上提出了对于不同的岩溶类型和部位采取不同的工程处理措施。 相似文献
7.
典型溶蚀丘陵系统岩溶发育特征及其水资源开发条件分析:以湖南省新?… 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
我国典型溶蚀丘陵型岩溶发育区主要分布于湘中的新化县一涟源县一带。受中国大陆梯级地形、复杂地质背景、气候水文等内外环境因子的联合作用,发育一系列独具特色的不同类型的岩溶地貌及形态组合。宏观岩溶地貌主要有四种类型:丛丘谷地、丘岭谷地、峰丛洼地谷地和峰丘谷地。不同单元岩溶发育特征差异明显。溶蚀速度在地谷地和峰丘谷地。不同单元岩溶 发育特征差异明显。溶蚀速度在10.26~30.34m^3/km^2.a,总 相似文献
8.
9.
桂南红层岩溶及其发育控制因素探讨 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
桂南红层岩溶形态主要表现为岩溶缓丘、地下溶洞、岩溶泉以及地下河、天窗等。在地下50m深度范围,溶洞高0.5~3m,多为无充填溶洞,发育数量随深度增加而减少。岩溶泉类型有上升泉和下降泉,泉水流量变化较大。目前尚未发现仅由红层作为含水层的地下河。桂南红层岩溶的发育程度及形态特征与岩性、构造及水文地质条件有关。红层岩溶主要发育于红层盆地边缘的钙质砾岩中。红层的层组结构可分为单一型和互层型,单一型岩溶发育相对强烈,互层型以岩溶顺层发育为特征。通常,在可溶岩与非可溶岩接触带附近红层溶洞发育;在断裂破碎带以及河谷地带红层岩溶发育强烈,溶洞规模较大。 相似文献
10.
本文在分析以往地质资料和完成的武汉市1∶5万岩溶塌陷调查成果的基础上,从武汉市岩溶发育的形态及规模、不同岩溶条带、不同构造条件、不同地层、不同埋深和不同地貌七个方面,分别系统总结了武汉市典型地区岩溶发育的特征。区内岩溶总体中等发育,岩溶形态主要为溶隙、溶孔以及小规模溶洞;在水平方向上存在5个走向NWW—SEE、各自相对独立的碳酸盐岩条带,其中白沙洲条带岩溶最为发育,在垂直方向上浅层溶蚀发育;各地层的岩溶发育强度依次为P2q>T1d>C2h+d>T1-2j;在褶皱核部或转折端、断层带附近、长江一级阶地、山前补给局部地区等地下水交替循环强烈地带和可溶岩与非可溶岩接触带,岩溶发育相对强烈。结论可为武汉市岩溶塌陷地质灾害防治提供地质基础支撑。 相似文献
11.
T. Slabe 《Environmental Geology》1997,32(3):186-190
Major motorway construction is taking place in Slovenia. Almost half the country is karst and many of the new roads are in
such terrain. Karst specialists are involved in road design. They explore underground karst systems and suggest how best to
preserve the most important ones. These experts also provide advice on ways of protecting karst groundwater and on aspects
of road construction in karst. The karst features encountered during construction provide valuable information about the development
of karst systems.
Received: 8 April 1996 · Accepted: 4 February 1997 相似文献
12.
S. White 《Environmental Geology》1994,23(4):248-255
Most studies of karst landscapes and their processes have been concerned with consolidated, often well-jointed limestones. There are particular problems involved in the study of karst procesess in softer, less-compact limestones such as chalk, coral reefs, and aeolian calcarenite. Previous studies in aeolian calcarenite indicated these problems and a scheme was developed of speleogenesis in aeolian calcarenite. A study of karst processes in aeolian calcarenite at Bats Ridge in western Victoria has developed this scheme further. The karst features and processes at Bats Ridge are an integral part of the landscape of a mid-Pleistocene calcarenite dune system. The resolution of problems of the rapid subaerial speleogenesis in the area is achieved by the synthesis of the known karst features of the ridge and the geology and geomorphology of the area. Karst development on this aeolianite ridge depends on lithological conditions as well as the availability of aggressive water capable of solution. The diagenesis of the calcarenite is occurring now and must have been occurring by the mid-Pleistocene. This simultaneous lithification of the carbonate dunes into aeolian calcarenite rock and the development of solutional karst features in the dunes is the characteristic feature of the speleogenesis in this area. It is the formation of a hardened kankar layer (cap rock) in the dunes of sufficient compressive and tensile strength to support cavities, which is the result of these interrelated factors, that has strongly determined the formation of the karst features. 相似文献
13.
圆梁山隧道桐麻岭背斜段岩溶与岩溶水特征研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在简述桐麻岭凝斜地质环境的基础上,较详细地论述了前斜区,特别是部岩溶发育分布特征以及岩溶发育深度,岩溶水的发育分布与补给,迳流,排泄特征。 相似文献
14.
Karst Hyporheic Zone及其研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Karst Hyporheic Zone(笔者将之译为“岩溶交互带”)是近三年来新出现的一个岩溶术语,我国尚未开展“岩溶交互带”的研究工作,它主要是指岩溶地下水与周边岩溶基质(含沉积物、基岩)水之间物质能量活跃交替的地带。本文从“岩溶交互带”的概念来源、含义、最新的研究进展和监测技术发展等方面进行了总结,并就现存的问题和未来研究提出了看法。 相似文献
15.
K. G. Grimes 《Environmental Geology》1994,23(2):134-148
The South-East Karst Province of South Australia is an extensive area of low relief with dolines, cenotes, uvalas, and a variety of cave types developed in the soft, porous, flat-lying Tertiary Gambier Limestone and also as syngenetic karst in the overlying calcarenite dunes of the Pleistocene Bridgewater Formation. The most spectacular surface karst features are the large collapse dolines, especially those that extend below the water table to form cenotes. Shallow swampy hollows occur in superficial Quaternary sediments. These are an enigmatic feature of the Bool Region, where all gradations appear to occur between definite karst dolines and nonkarstic hollows. Some depressions may be polygenetic—involving a combination of: (1) primary depositional hollows on coastal flats or in dune fields, (2) deflation, and (3) karst solution and subsidence. There are extensive underwater cave systems in the southern part of the province, and the bulk of the cave development there may well lie below the present water table, although these systems would have been at least partly drained during the lower sea levels of the last glacial period. Systematic variations within the province reflect differences in the parent rock types, the extent and nature of the cover and, most importantly, the hydrology—in particular the depth to the water table and its gradient. 相似文献
16.
过量开采岩溶水会导致岩溶地面塌陷,枣庄则是全国岩溶地面塌陷比较严重的地区之一,塌陷已对当地的居民生活和经济建设造成了巨大的危害。根据大量的勘察资料和地下水动态监测资料,研究了枣庄地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶发育特征,探讨了岩溶地面塌陷的形成机理,岩溶裂隙和上覆土层的性质和厚度是岩溶地面塌陷的先决条件,地下水位大幅度升降引起的物理地质作用是塌陷的主要动力来源,震动和水位突变是重要的诱发因素。 相似文献
17.
南宁市是广西岩溶地面塌陷危害十分严重的城市之一。2012年6月2日突发的岩溶地面塌陷主要集中分布在坛洛镇南西方向,形成塌陷坑19个,地裂缝17条,威胁62户共232人,潜在经济损失约870万元。坛洛塌陷多形成于松散盖层厚度小于15 m,地下水位埋深小于20 m,地下岩溶强发育的区段。碳酸盐岩岩溶发育、松散盖层厚度较小和水动力条件(降水、地表水和地下水)复杂为岩溶塌陷产生的必要条件,尤以地下水的作用对岩溶塌陷的形成起至关重要的作用。通过对坛洛地下水动态观测与岩溶塌陷的调查研究确定地下水强径流带,分析评价岩溶地面塌陷的危险性,为岩溶地区的岩溶塌陷危险性勘察、评价工作提供一定指导意义。 相似文献
18.
The largest karst cave discovered in a tunnel during motorway construction in Slovenia’s Classical Karst (Kras) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Karst researchers of the Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU are regularly consulted during the planning of Slovenia’s motorways
and invited to observe and monitor construction in the karst areas. More than 350 caves have been discovered in the course
of building 60 km of new motorways over the past decade. Access to the most important caves is preserved by concrete tubes
closed with metal covers at the roadside. The largest cave system in a tunnel, named LC-S647, is almost entirely preserved.
The protection of this cave will serve as a good example for the preservation of natural heritage in the future. Construction
work for the motorway uncovered a high degree of karstification. In particular, the discovery of this cave in the Kastelec
tunnel LC-S647 showed the existence of a major cave system in the geological and speleological past. A number of unconnected
passages have also been found. Caves discovered during highway construction have brought new knowledge about the cavernosity
and the geological history of this part of the karst. 相似文献
19.
Atlas of karst area based on Web GIS technology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Leszek Litwin 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(5):1029-1036
20.
喀斯特石漠化研究存在的问题与发展趋势 总被引:52,自引:1,他引:52
喀斯特石漠化代表了世界上一个比较独特的荒漠类型,即湿润区石质荒漠化。目前石漠化面积快速扩展的总体趋势并没有得到有效遏止,因对石漠化发生机制与喀斯特生态系统稳定性机制还不清楚,同时缺乏比较完善的石漠化防治理论和技术体系也是重要的原因之一。较为详细地介绍了目前西南喀斯特山区石漠化过程和适应性生态修复研究方面存在的基础理论问题,包括喀斯特石漠化的时空格局变化与驱动力、喀斯特山地的侵蚀过程、驱动力与危险性、以水为纽带的喀斯特生态系统退化和石漠化过程中的生物地球化学过程、喀斯特受损生态系统的适应性修复、喀斯特生态系统的服务功能优化和综合调控等方面,阐述了上述几个研究领域的研究现状与可能的发展方向;强调喀斯特石漠化是一个非地带性问题,不是纯自然过程,而是与自然、社会与经济紧密相关,需要以喀斯特科学为主的多学科交叉与综合集成研究。 相似文献