地理世情监测标准建设初探

探讨地理世情监测标准规范建设的需求与意义,归纳梳理国内外相关标准规范建设的现状,分析目前我国地理世情监测标准规范建设存在的不足,提出相关建议,以推动地理世情监测工作的开展。     

我国地理国情监测基础建设和工作实践进展评述

测绘发展战略研究和测绘发展"十二五"规划均提出了地理国情监测的发展方向,本文全面总结了地理信息资源、对地观测体系、测绘人才队伍等方面地理国情监测能力的建设进展,以及开展地理国情监测的有关情况,分析了地理国情监测的地区差异,对做好地理国情监测工作提出了几点建议。     

监测守护中原大地——河南局推进地理国情监测应用纪实

正自第一次全国地理国情普查任务完成、准确摸清河南地理国情"家底"后,河南省测绘地理信息局按照"结合省情、全面覆盖、重点突出"的原则,按年度实施基础性地理国情监测,同时以需求为导向,紧紧围绕国家重大部署、生态文明体制改革等重点领域,开展专题性地理国情监测,持续深化地理国情监测成果应用,提升地理国情信息服务能力,在自然资源资产离任审计、空间规划、生态文明建设等方面开展了     

天津市地理市情监测的技术框架研究

地理国情监测是"十二五"期间国家测绘地理信息局关于测绘科技发展的重要战略任务之一,目前全国各省市的地理国情监测还处于探索阶段。本文结合2011年天津市地理市情监测开展过程中的技术细节,针对天津市地理市情监测过程中监测专题的数据整理、数据分析、数据表达和监测系统建设等4个主要环节,提炼出了天津市地理市情监测的技术框架和在技术实施层面上的一般原则,丰富了地理国情监测技术实施地方样本收集的种类。     

从地理国情普查到监测转变的谋划

在第一次地理国情普查大规模生产即将完成之际,迫切需要总结工作经验,思考普查成果的应用方式,做好开展地理国情监测的准备。回顾了地理国情普查的工作背景和实施过程,提出了地理国情监测的主要内容,指出应及时做好地理国情监测内容和方法的技术准备、数据库和平台的"硬件"准备及保障机制和人才储备的"软件准备"。     

浅析地理国情监测“四进”制度建设

完善的制度与成熟的业务体系是地理国情监测常态化开展的两个必备条件,为此,推进地理国情监测"进法律""进规划""进预算""进职责",建立常态化监测的保障机制十分必要。本文总结了地理国情监测"四进"建设发展现状,探讨分析了目前存在的不足与问题,提出相关建议,以促进常态化地理国情监测顺利开展。     

浅谈江西省地理国情监测现状与思考

概述江西省第一次地理国情普查工作,阐述"十三五"期间江西省地理国情监测工作的总体目标及主要任务,就如何开展江西省地理国情监测工作进行探讨,并对存在的问题提出了具体建议。     

国内外地理国情监测相关标准分析与思考

为保障地理国情监测顺利、有序、规范地开展,促进监测成果在各级政府与国民经济建设各部门的广泛应用和服务,迫切需要开展地理国情监测标准化工作。通过对国外地理国情监测相关标准的情况进行梳理,并从已有测绘地理信息标准、各专业部门专题信息调查／监测标准两方面对国内地理国情监测相关标准进行分析,为今后的地理国情监测标准化工作开展提供参考。     

新时期下我国地理国情监测模式初探

在构建广义地理国情监测概念基础上,对我国地理国情监测现有开展模式进行总结和评价,认为建立统一的地理国情监测体系能够弥补分头监测的不足,填补现有监测空白,更加真实客观的对地理国情进行评估,同时也是地理国情监测的自身发展需求。文章认为测绘地理信息部门可成为建立统一地理国情监测体系的工作主体,同时,统一的地理国情监测体系并非现有监测模式的取而代之,而是一个有机整体;不越位不缺位是测绘地理信息部门开展地理国情监测的基本原则;以中立、客观的态度对地理国情进行及时、权威评估是开展地理国情监测的首要任务。     

紧跟政府需求 强化新型供给——记陕西全面构建地理国情监测服务体系

正开展地理国情监测是新时期党中央、国务院赋予测绘工作的新使命。陕西测绘地理信息局抓住历史机遇,积极响应号召,紧紧围绕政府重点工作和改革重点任务,持续深入开展生态文明建设、空间规划、移民搬迁等国家级和省级地理国情监测项目,形成"调查信息获取—资源全面整合—数据挖掘分析"一条龙地理国情调查和监测体系。支撑"多规合一"构建一张蓝图推进市县"多规合一"是中央深改组推进经济体制和生态文明体     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。