北黄海盆地地质构造特征及其演化

北黄海地区是我国研究程度最低的海区,各种情况表明,本区油气前景乐观。为了弄清北黄海盆地地质构造特征及其演化,在前人研究成果基础上,对北黄海盆地原有二维地震资料和重磁资料进行了重新处理和解释。资料处理采用了地震多次波压制技术、精细速度谱分析、位场延拓、小波多尺度分析、区域场和剩余场分解、方向导数分析以及重震联合反演等多种处理技术,对地球物理资料进行了综合解释。北黄海盆地结晶基底北低南高。褶皱基底呈NE向格局,埋深起伏变化较大。盆地主要发育NE向和NW向两组断裂。盆地被两条NE向的边界断裂所控制。NW向断裂是盆地内的次级断裂,控制了盆地内坳陷和隆起的分布范围和形态,使北黄海盆地形成三坳两隆的构造体系。规模较小的NE向3级断裂分布在坳陷内部,将坳陷分为不同规模的局部凹陷和局部隆起。火成岩主要分布在西部隆起带的南端和南部隆起带上,火成岩对坳陷内部影响不大。     

Modeling of the Specific Features of Climate in the Black-Sea Region

By the method of cluster analysis, we obtain a collection of meteorological fields for six typical synoptic situations in Eastern Europe for 1982–1996. We study the possibility of evaluation of the climatic characteristics of the field of precipitations for the Black-Sea region on the basis of a mesoscale atmospheric model with the use of certain statistically selected typical situations as input data.     

基于多变量分析的环肋圆柱壳结构特性研究

为了从整个可行解空间研究圆柱壳结构特性,采用全因子试验设计获得变量范围内的可行解空间,通过相关理论推导计算得到不同结构形式圆柱壳的强度、稳定性以及振动频率等指标。采用相关性分析、主成分分析以及变量聚类分析方法根据可行解空间的数据对环肋圆柱壳强度、稳定性、振动频率之间以及这些属性与设计变量之间的关系进行研究。采用相关系数矩阵图、主成分分布图以及谱系聚类图将多变量分析的结果可视化。对可视化结果进行分析发现了圆柱壳结构属性之间的矛盾性,变量、属性之间的相似性和关系的复杂性。通过多变量分析得到的相关结论能够作为实际工程设计的参考。     

Specific Features of the Propagation of Tsunamis in the Northwest Part of the Black Sea

We perform the numerical analysis of the propagation of tsunamis in the Black Sea from the zones of seismic generation located to the south of the Crimea and in the northwest part of the sea. It is shown that the tsunamis induced by earthquakes in the Crimean seismic zone are entrapped by the nearest part of the shelf and do not result in noticeable oscillations of level in the northwest part of the sea. This enables us to explain the absence of manifestations of tsunamis in 1927, 1939, and 1966 near Odessa. The tsunami waves generated by earthquakes in the northwest part of the sea are characterized by the directivity of their propagation. The wave height is maximum in the areas corresponding to the north and east directions of propagation. Hence, the north coast of the sea and the Kalamit Bay (Crimean Peninsula) are characterized by elevated tsunami hazard for earthquakes occurring in the northwest part of the Black Sea. __________ Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 46–53, November–December, 2005.     

Specific Features of Sedimentation of the Mudyug Towers Channel in Arkhangelsk Seaport in the Mouth of the Northern Dvina River

Oceanology - The shipping channels of the seaport of Arkhangelsk, located in the mouth area of the Northern Dvina River, have a significant impact on natural processes occurring in its water area....     

Studying Specific Features of the Propagation of Atmospheric Waves Generated by Tropospheric Sources and Variations in the Surface Pressure

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The generation and propagation of waves from model tropospheric meteorologic heat sources are theoretically studied. The processes of gas...     

Connections of Precipitable Water Vapor and Total Ozone Anomalies over European Russia with the North Atlantic Oscillation: Specific Features of Summer 2010

Based on the measurements of precipitable water vapor (PWV) and total column ozone (TCO) from the MODIS satellite instruments (Aqua/Terra platforms), the connections between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the anomalies in PWV and TCO over European Russia (ER) in summer 2010 are analyzed. It is found that the PWV (TCO) anomalies over the northern ER in summer 2010 positively (negatively) correlated with the NAO, and the local correlations reached 0.68 (–0.55). The physical mechanisms of the correlations are discussed. A comparative analysis of the relationships between the NAO and the regional PWV and TCO anomalies over ER during the summer seasons of 2000–2015 is carried out.     

Manifestation of Specific Features of the Optical Properties of Atmospheric Aerosol over the Black Sea in the Interpretation of SeaWiFS Data

We consider the problem of quantitative evaluation of the optical characteristics of seawater according to the data of satellite measurements. The principal physical mechanisms responsible for the errors in the atmospheric correction made with the help of the standard NASA algorithm are established. It is shown that the models of atmospheric aerosol realized with the help of this algorithm are inconsistent with its actual properties over the Black Sea.     

基于结构特征的遥感影像海岸码头分割方法

在分析水边线对码头提取的作用和海岸码头的结构特征的基础上,提出了一种基于结构特征的遥感影像海岸码头分割方法。该方法在遥感影像水边线提取的基础上,利用道格拉斯-普克算法通过压缩得到关键节点,接着在节点中选取满足要求的凹点,然后依据海岸结构特征通过对凹点的筛选分割出海岸规则突出物,最后通过对规则突出物的分析验证得到海岸码头。实验结果表明,该方法能够从水边线中将码头区域分割出来,并且受停靠船舶等噪声影响较小,为下一步海岸码头的精确提取奠定了坚实基础。     

近40年滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地国家级自然保护区贝壳堤变化及管护对策研究

滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地国家级自然保护区内的贝壳堤是世界三大古贝壳堤之一,是世界上保存最完整、唯一新老并存的贝壳堤。文章基于RS、GIS技术及2015年野外实地调查数据,利用1979年、1990年、2000年、2008年和2015年5期Landsat陆地卫星系列等多源遥感数据,得到近40年来滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地国家级自然保护区贝壳堤的变化特征。结果表明:(1)2015年滨州贝壳堤总面积为28.86hm~2,是研究区总面积的0.07%,主要分布在研究区北部海岸的核心区;(2)1979—2015年,贝壳堤面积总体呈现下降趋势,尤其2008—2015年面积锐减,减少原因主要是人类开发利用,其中,农业用地、盐田和养殖场是本研究区最主要的3种人类开发利用活动类型;(3)建立自然保护区人类活动遥感核查体系、完善自然保护区相关法律法规、修复贝壳堤生境是应对滨州贝壳堤遭受侵占及破坏的有效管护对策。     

地球早期的外壳

地质学家们重新考察了格陵兰西南部一系列古老的岩石,发现了板块构造史上最为古老的、具有代表性的岩石。2007年3月份,该发现发表在《科学》杂志上,在此之前研究人员一直认为,在大约25亿年前地球上的陆地才开始凝固的。这个新发现表明,陆地开始凝固的过程要早得多,时间上更接近地球形成的时候。     

滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地系统保护现状及其管理对策

滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地系统是渤海西岸一种特殊的滨海湿地类型。在分析贝壳堤岛与湿地系统分布特征和保护现状的基础上,探讨了影响其发展的主要因素,并提出实现可持续发展的管理对策。研究表明,自然因素与人为因素的共同作用使渤海西南岸贝壳堤及其周围湿地生态环境面临严重威胁,甚至导致部分贝壳堤和湿地消失。从可持续发展的角度,生态环境的保护需要融入经济发展的决策中,环境保护与经济发展相协调,才能实现生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的最大化。     

东营凹陷王家岗地区王古1潜山构造特征及油气成藏条件

进一步了解王古1潜山的构造特征及成藏条件,利用渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷王家岗地区的大量三维地震剖面和一些钻井资料,并结合东营凹陷南坡缓坡带区域构造背景及成藏条件分析认为,王古1潜山初始发育于印支期,后经燕山期拉张断陷,切割为断块并抬升,最后于燕山期定型,为典型的缓坡盆倾残丘潜山。该潜山被NW向和NE向断裂切割,潜山高部位侵蚀风化严重,上覆孔店组盖层及沙河街组烃源岩,油气通过断层和不整合面运移至潜山顶部形成侵蚀残丘型油气藏。     

Hydrochemical Composition of the Runoff of Abkhazian Rivers and the Distinctive Features of Its Transformation in the Coastal Zone

Oceanology - The article presents the results of hydrochemical studies of the rivers of the Abkhazian coast of the Black Sea in April 2019. The Kodor River with its plume was the main object of the...     

台湾岛及其邻域地层和构造特征

台湾碰撞造山带作为世界上最年青的造山带之一，具有其独特的地质环境。它位于菲律宾海板块和亚欧板块的交汇处，东北面为东北-近东西走向的琉球沟-弧-盆系，东侧为西北向运动的菲律宾海板块，向南为近南北走向的吕宋岛弧，并与冲绳海槽和马尼拉海沟的形成演化密切相关，从而造就了众多形态复杂、成因各异的区域地层和构造现象。台湾岛自东向西可划分为海岸山脉带、台东纵谷、中央山脉、西部山麓带和沿海平原带五个构造-沉积单元。以台东纵谷为界，两侧在地形地貌、地层组成、岩石性质、重力、磁力等地质地球物理特征上均表现为明显不同，分别隶属于不同的板块构造单元，西侧属于欧亚板块的中国大陆边缘，东侧的海岸山脉带则是北吕宋火山岛弧的向北延伸。     

Nature of the Kergelen Plateau and Its Place in the Structural Plan of the Southern Sector of the Indian Ocean

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The morphostructural characteristics of the main taxa of southern Indian Ocean, such as the Del Cano-Crozet, Conrad, and Kerguelen plateaus, are given...     

花鲈Syntaxin 4基因及其在免疫应答反应中的表达特征

采用RT-PCR技术,从花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)中克隆得到膜蛋白Syntaxin 4基因近85%的CDS序列.同源性分析表明,该序列与斑马鱼以及哺乳动物的Syntaxin 4 基因的有较高相似性.利用实时定量PCR技术分析Syntaxin 4基因在mRNA水平上的相对表达量.结果表明,该基因在脑组织和免疫相关组织中都有表达,以脑组织的表达量最多,在免疫相关组织中的表达量由多到少依次是脾脏、头肾和血液.在LPS刺激24 h后,脾脏和头肾中的表达量分别是对照组的7.83倍和10.41倍,表明免疫组织中Syntaxin 4基因的相对表达量随诱导增强,提示该基因在花鲈免疫应答反应中可能起重要作用.     

Specific Features of the Influence of the Lower Boundary of a Waveguide on the Angular Structure of the Sound Field in the Shelf Zones in the Northwest Part of the Black Sea

We analyze the possibility of existence of critical angles of incidence of sound waves along two paths of propagation of sound typical of the northwest shelf of the Black Sea from the viewpoint of the characteristics of the lower boundary of a waveguide and the space and time structure of the field of sound velocity. The lower boundary of the waveguide may possess the property of acoustic transparency both in the case of a subsurface sound channel and under the conditions of negative refraction if the bottom is formed by fine-aleurite silts responsible for significant losses in the process of propagation of sound. The angles of total internal reflection exist for bottoms formed by shell rocks under all hydrological conditions typical of this region. At the same time, for bottoms formed by fine-aleurite silts, these angles exist only for a certain vertical structure of the field of sound velocity, which enables one to use the range of angles in which the losses caused by the reflections of sound waves from the bottom can be neglected.     

2007年春季南黄海溶解氧的分布特征及影响因素

基于2007年4月对南黄海调查所得的溶解氧(DO)资料,重点分析了DO的分布特征,并在此基础上初步探讨了DO与温、盐度水文要素分布之间的关系。结果表明,2007年春季南黄海DO的质量浓度范围为7.33~11.41 mg/L,平均值为9.24 mg/L;上层水体(0~30 m)中,西南部海域DO质量浓度较低,而在黄海暖流影响的中北部海域,受浮游植物光合作用的影响,DO的质量浓度却保持了一个较高的水平;底层DO质量浓度呈近岸高、远海低的分布趋势,并在黄海暖流影响的中北部海域,由于有机物的耗氧分解,存在1个DO低值区;从DO的垂直分布来看,5 m和10 m层的DO质量浓度均值最高,这一现象可被认为是增温季节DO垂直分布最大值形成的初始阶段,此外,DO断面分布还存在4种典型的类型。水温、浮游植物光合作用以及有机物在底层的分解是影响DO质量浓度的主要因素,而DO分布趋势则主要受控于南黄海环流结构。     

菲律宾蛤仔壳体生长过程中Ca, Mg, Sr, Mn和Fe元素富集规律研究

为了解壳体的生长过程中内部元素含量的变化规律,结合现场养殖实验探讨了菲律宾蛤仔 ( Ruditapes philippinarum ) 壳体元素组成的"生命效应"问题.结果显示:菲律宾蛤仔壳体生长过程中 Ca, Mg, Sr, Mn, Fe 五种元素含量的绝对变化量不是很明显,均在同一数量级范围内波动;根据 5 种元素在壳体生长过程中的相对含量变化规律,可分为两类:①与壳体生长率不相关的 Ca, Mn, Sr, Mg 元素;②大致与壳体生长率呈负相关的 Fe 元素.Fe 元素与壳体生长率的负相关性主要受环境因子和蛤仔壳体生命过程因素的影响,其中温度是最主要的影响因素.