大别山超高压变质岩的变形历史及折返过程

大别山南部的超高压变质岩在其形成及折返过程中经过5期变形。D₁变形为榴辉岩相前变形,形成于扬子板块北缘陆壳基底的俯冲过程中;D₂变形形成于折返初期(220-210Ma)即超高压变质岩在浮力驱动下折返至下地壳底部的过程中,变形以块状榴辉岩的糜棱岩化及层状榴辉岩和基质的紧密-同斜褶皱为特征;D₃变形发生在折返中期(200-180Ma)即超高压变质岩在南北陆块持续碰撞作用下被挤出并向北逆冲折返至中地壳的过程中,变形以榴辉岩的布丁化和基质的强烈韧性剪切变形为特征;D₄变形是折返晚期(130-110Ma)超高压变质岩在地壳浅部伸展体制下向南滑脱所致;在折返至近地表时,超高压变质岩受到NE向断层(D₅)的切割。     

Formation Depth Estimation of Coesite-Bearing Eclogite in Dabie UHPM Zone, China： Constrained by Isotopic Studies

The formation depth of metamorphic rocks in the Dabie ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) zone influences not only our understanding of formation mechanism and evolution processes of collision orogenic belt, but also the studies on earth's interior and geodynamic processes. In this study, the isotopic data of metamorphic rocks in the Dabie UHPM zone are discussed to give constraints on the formation depth in the Dabie UHPM zone. The εSr of eclogite in the Dabie UHPM zone varies from 18 to 42, and the εNd varies from -6.1 to -17, both of them show the characters of isotopic disequilibrium. The oxygen isotope studies indicate that the protoliths of these UHPM rocks have experienced oxygen isotope exchange with meteoric water (or sea water) before metamorphism and no significant changes in the processes of metamorphism on their oxygen isotope composition have been recorded in these rocks. Except for one sample from Bixiling, all samples of eclogite from Dabie UHPM zone show the 3He/4He ratios from 0.79×10-7 to 9.35×10-7, indicating the important contribution of He from continental crust. All Sr, Nd, O and He isotopic studies indicate that the UHPM rocks retain the isotopic characteristics of their protoliths of crust origin. No significant influence of mantle materials has been found in these metamorphic rocks. Trying to explain above isotopic characteristics, some researchers assume that the speeds of dipping thrust and uplifting of rocks were both very high. In this condition, there will not be enough time for isotopic exchange between crust protolith and mantle materials. Therefore, we can not see the tracer of mantle materials in these UHPM rocks. However, this assumption can not be justified with available knowledge. Firstly, it was estimated that the whole process of UHPM took at least 15 Ma. During such a long period, and at the metamorphic temperature of ≥700 ℃, the protolith of crust origin can not escape from isotopic exchange with mantle materials if the UHPM have happened in the mantle depth of ≥100 km. In contrast, all problems will be dismissed if we assume that the UHPM have happened at the depth still in crust.     

大别超高压变质过程中部分熔融作用的地球化学约束

报道了大别超高压变质带西部麻城四道河榴辉岩-围岩剖面系统的元素和同位素地球化学研究成果, 对超高压变质榴辉岩在俯冲和折返过程中的部分熔融作用进行了探讨. 研究表明, 榴辉岩原岩性质类似于N-MORB, 其长英质围岩可分为TTG片麻岩和含石榴石花岗岩; 两类长英质围岩Sm -Nd同位素特征与其寄主的榴辉岩相似; REE特征、w (Nb)/w (Ta) 比值、Nd同位素组成及锆石U -Pb定年等地球化学证据支持了TTG片麻岩为大别地区陆壳俯冲过程中发生部分熔融作用而形成, 其与超高压榴辉岩的关系属特殊的异地关系; 含榴花岗岩为超高压榴辉岩折返过程中的部分熔融作用形成, 但因其形成环境为石榴石稳定场的深度, 故含榴花岗岩与超高压榴辉岩被视为近似原地的构造关系.      

中国大陆科学钻探孔区三维地震资料的初步解释

利用中国大陆科学钻探岩心、测井与VSP资料来标定地震反射体，大大提高了大陆科学钻探孔区地质构造解释的可信度。超高压变质带地壳波速特征主要表现在上地壳顶部的高速层，其厚度一般小于10km；其下方正常的中下地壳波速结构反映了中新生代地壳的拉张与伸展。孔区三维地震拱形反射由榴辉岩及切穿它们的晚期破碎带共同形成的。在CCSD主孔东南方深部重力高部位有多个这样的拱形反射，预示在地表陡倾榴辉岩的延伸方向还有多个一定规模的隐伏榴辉岩体。孔区广泛发育韧性剪切带，韧性剪切带产生强反射的主要机制是韧性剪切复合岩套，由糜棱岩和经剪切错动产生的表壳岩片互层组成。三维地震调查提供了三维的反射地震波场，使揭示孔区三维的地质构造成为可能。450ms以上的时间切片与地袁地质构造和地磁异常相关，而1000～1200ms的时间切片与深部重力异常相关，主要反映由隐伏榴辉岩体产生的反射波场．根据上述研究结果，编制了沿三维地震主剖面的推断地质构造图。     

大别山超高压变质岩形成深度的同位素限制

大别山超高压变质岩形成深度是各国地质学家十分关心的问题。它不仅影响对碰撞造山带形成机制和演化过程的认识,而且影响对地球深部状况及地球动力学的研究。该文对大别山超高压变质岩已有同位素资料进行了分析与讨论。大别山榴辉岩的ε_Nd为-6.2~-17,ε_Sr为18~42,且显示明显的Nd同位素的不平衡现象。大别山榴辉岩的氧同位素组成研究表明,这些榴辉岩的原岩在超高压变质前,不同程度地与贫18O的大气降水(或海水)发生过氧同位素交换,且在超高压变质过程中依然保留了这些痕迹。除一个样品外,大别-苏鲁地区的榴辉岩的3He/4He比值都落在0.79×10-7~9.35×10-7范围内,显示陆壳岩石来源He的重要贡献。所有Sr-Nd、O和He同位素研究均表明:超高压变质岩保存着表壳岩石原岩的同位素特征,而未显示变质时受到地幔物质的明显影响。对于超高压变质岩的上述同位素特征,有人认为是由于大别山造山带俯冲和折返的速度太快造成的。由于造山带俯冲和折返的速度太快,表壳岩石原岩变质时来不及与地幔物质发生交换,故没有留下地幔物质参与的痕迹。该研究认为这种解释有些勉强,因为大别造山带俯冲和折返时间至少需要15Ma.在如此长的时间内,在100多公里地幔深处高于700℃的高温下发生超高压变质作用,表壳岩石原岩不可能不与地幔物质发生同位素交换。相反,如果认为大别山超高压变质岩就在地壳内形成,则大别山超高压变质岩同位素的所有特征就很好解释了。      

含柯石英榴辉岩形成深度的构造校正测算

应用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对大别地区英山县含柯石英榴辉岩、石英榴辉岩及石榴角闪岩中石榴子石进行研究,结果表明在强塑性变形的三类岩石中,石榴子石的超微构造特征存在明显差异。在含柯石英榴辉岩中的石榴子石位错密度比角闪岩中的低。修正石榴子石材料系数α为0.25,用石榴子石位错密度估算了相对差异应力值,并讨论了在超高压榴辉岩形成和退变质过程中各阶段的变质条件。根据石榴子石位错密度测定的差异应力,结合石榴子石的变形测量,恢复构造三维主应力及构造附加静水压力值P_S,从柯石英相的转变压力P中减去构造附加静水压力值P_S后,利用单纯由重力引起的静水压力值P_G换算上覆岩石的重力和厚度,获得大别超高压变质带含柯石英榴辉岩形成深度仅为 ≥ 32.09~32.11km.因此提出,该含柯石英榴辉岩是在这一地壳深处(或稍深一些)受强烈构造作用形成的新认识。同位素资料分析表明,大别地区榴辉岩系地壳成因,这对于榴辉岩是壳内产物的认识提供了进一步证据。      

超高压变质岩的放射性同位素体系及年代学方法

深刻理解同位素在超高压变质及退变质过程中的地球化学行为对获得超高压变质岩准确并有明确意义的年龄值是非常重要的。对 Sm-Nd,Rb-Sr 同位素体系,只有变质矿物同位素体系达到平衡才能给出精确有意义的等时线年龄。研究表明,与副变质岩互层的细粒榴辉岩的高压变质矿物之间,或者强退变质岩石的退变质矿物之间,其 Nd,Sr 同位素可以达到平衡;然而高压变质矿物与退变质矿物之间 Nd,Sr 同位素不平衡。由于全岩样品总是含有数量不等的退变质矿物,因此石榴石 全岩 Sm-Nd 法或多硅白云母 全岩 Rh-Sr 法将有可能给出无地质意义的年龄。通常低温榴辉岩的高压变质矿物之间存在Nd 同位素不平衡。超高压变质岩多硅白云母所含过剩 Ar 主要源于榴辉岩原岩中角闪石在变质分解时释放出来的放射成因 Ar。因此,不含榴辉岩的花岗片麻岩多硅白云母基本不含过剩 Ar。对变质锆石成因的准确判断是正确理解锆石 U-Ph 年龄意义的关键。本文对不同成因锆石的判别标志及年龄意义做了总结,并指出将阴极发光图形,锆石痕量元素组成及矿物包裹体鉴定相结合是进行锆石成因鉴定的有效方法。高压变质或退变质增生锆石组成单一,是理想变质定年对象。然而变质重结晶锆石域常是重结晶锆石和继承晶质锆石的混合区,因而给出混合年龄。只有完全变质重结晶锆石才能给出准确变质时代。     

Petrology and geochronology of ultrahigh-pressure granitic gneiss from South Dulan,North Qaidam belt,NW China

abstract

An integrated study including petrography, mineral chemistry, metamorphic P–T path modelling, and zircon U–Pb dating was conducted on a granitic gneiss and enclosed eclogite from South Dulan, North Qaidam UHP (ultrahigh-pressure) belt. The result shows that the granitic gneiss underwent a clockwise P–T path with a peak-P stage at 655–745°C, 30–34 kbar, and a subsequent peak-T stage at 815–870°C, 14–18 kbar, which is similar to the P–T estimates reported for coesite-bearing continental-type eclogites in this region. The enclosed eclogite resembles an olivine–pyroxene-rich cumulate in Qaidam block. It has a similar prograde P–T path with the country gneiss and experienced a peak-P stage of 682–748°C at 27–34 kbar. Zircon U–Pb dating yields an eclogite-facies metamorphic age of 447 ± 2 Ma for the granitic gneiss and 445 ± 6 Ma for the enclosed eclogite. These ages agree with metamorphic ages obtained from paragneisses (427–439 Ma), coesite-bearing continental-type eclogites (430–451 Ma), and UHPM (ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic) oceanic crust–mantle sequence (440–445 Ma) from South Dulan, as well as UHP eclogites, garnet peridotite, and gneisses from other units (460–420 Ma) within this belt reported by others. Similar metamorphic ages as well as P–T evolution documented in gneisses and intercalated eclogites imply that both rocks experienced a coeval UHP event. Summarizing all the published geochronology data, we argue that the North Qaidam UHP belt was mainly formed by continental deep subduction at ~460 to ~420 Ma. The UHPM oceanic crust-mantle sequence in South Dulan may represent oceanic lithosphere in the transition zone between oceanic and continental crust, which was dragged upward by the exhumed continental rocks after break-off of the dense oceanic crust.     

Ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project: I. Petrology and geochemistry of the main hole (0–2,050 m)

The main hole (MH) of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project (CCSD) in southern Sulu has penetrated into an ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rock slice which consists of orthogneiss, paragneiss, eclogite, ultramafic rock and minor schist. Recovered eclogites have a UHP metamorphic mineral assemblage of garnet + omphacite + rutile ± phengite ± kyanite ± coesite ± epidote. Ultramafic rocks contain garnet + olivine + clinopyroxene + orthopyroxene ± Ti-clinohumite ± phlogopite. Gneisses and schists contain an amphibolite-facies paragenesis, but their zircons have coesite, garnet, omphacite (or jadeite) and phengite inclusions, indicating that eclogites and gneisses have been subjected to in situ UHP metamorphism. Using available geothermobarometers, P–T estimates of 3.1–4.4 GPa and 678–816°C for eclogites were obtained. If surface outcrops and neighboring shallow drill holes are considered together, we suggest that a huge supracrustal rock slab (> 50 km long × 100 km wide × 5 km deep) was subducted to a depth > 100 km and then exhumed to the surface. The depth interval (0–2,050 m) of the CCSD-MH can be divided into six lithological units. Unit 1 consists of alternating layers of quartz-rich and rutile-rich eclogites, with thin interlayers of gneiss and schist. Eclogites of unit 1 are characterized by Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti depletions, low Mg number and general LREE enrichment. Unit 2 comprises rutile- and ilmenite-rich eclogite and minor “normal” eclogite and is characterized by high TiO₂, total Fe, V, Co and Sr, and very low SiO₂, alkali, Zr, Ba, Nb, Ta and total REE contents, and LREE-depleted REE patterns with slightly positive Eu anomalies. Unit 3 contains ultramafic rock and minor MgO-rich eclogite. Protoliths of UHP rocks from units 1, 2 and 3 represent a layered mafic to ultramafic intrusion at crustal depth. Units 4 and 6 consist of interlayered eclogite and paragneiss; the eclogites are characterized by Th, U, Nb, Ta and Ti depletion and K enrichment and LREE-enriched REE patterns. Paragneisses show Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti depletions and LREE-enriched REE patterns occasionally with slightly negative Eu anomalies, indicating that their protoliths represent metamorphic supracrustal series. Unit 5 consists mainly of orthogneisses, showing distinct Nb, Ta, Sr and Ti depletions, and LREE-enriched REE patterns with pronounced negative Eu anomalies, suggesting granitic protoliths. In conclusion it is proposed that the southern Sulu UHP belt consists of a series of meta-supracrustal rocks, a layered mafic–ultramafic complex and granites.     

中国大陆科学钻探主孔100～2000m岩石弹性波速度：对地震深反射的约束

在常温常压条件对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔岩心的700样品进行了弹性波速度测量，并建立了主孔2000m的波速(Vp和Vs)连续剖面，为检验地球物理模型的合理解释提供了岩石物理学方面的宝贵资料。主孔中新鲜榴辉岩纵波速度(Vp)最大(7.86km／s)，正副片麻岩波速最小，又分别为5.53km／s和5．71km／s，榴辉岩的波速随着退变质作用的增强而明显减小。主孔2000m总平均Vp速度为6．2km／s，它与地球物理探测方法获得的大别-苏鲁造山带上地壳具有6.2-6．3km／s高速层结论是一致的。大部分岩石具有明显地震波各向异性。水饱和度使岩石纵波(Vp)速度和剪切波速度(Vs)分别增加19％和6％，而使Vp的各向异性降低3％～4％。不同岩性界面的反射系数(Rc)是产生地震反射的主要原因。金红石榴辉岩与片麻岩之间具有很高的反射系数(0.24-0．31)。韧性剪切带中糜棱岩化片麻岩和面理化榴辉岩使岩石各向异性和反射强度明显增加。岩石微裂隙与主孔原位波速变化有密切关系。饱水岩石速度(Vp和Vs)可以代表CCSD主孔原位状态的地震波速度。上述成果为本区地震反射体成因提供了重要的岩石物理性质约束。     

大别山石马地区超高压变质岩角闪岩相变形的Rb-Sr同位素年龄及其构造意义

角闪岩相变形是大别山超高压变质岩的主期变形 ,露头和显微尺度的构造要素主要由这期变形产生 ,通过对超高压变质岩带内韧性剪切带中花岗片麻岩的Rb -Sr同位素年龄测定 ,获得一条变形花岗片麻岩的全岩 -白云母内部等时线年龄 ,表明超高压变质岩的角闪岩相变形产生于180Ma左右 ,超高压变质岩的主期变形确实为同角闪岩相变质期变形 ,该年龄与超高压变质岩的第二次快速冷却年龄一致 ,由此证实超高压变质岩在180Ma左右快速从下地壳折返至中地壳     

大别山北部榴辉岩和英云闪长质片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄及多期变质增生

大别山北部榴辉岩及英云闪长质片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分析表明：北部榴辉岩相峰期变质时代为226～230Ma左右;北部塔儿河一带英云闪长质片麻岩经历过印支期变质事件;大别山北部与南部超高压岩石中一致的（226～230Ma）高压或超高压变质年龄表明,北部镁铁-超镁铁质岩带中部分岩石也曾作为扬子俯冲陆壳的一部分,在印支期发生过高压或超高压变质作用;本区锆石发生过两期变质增生事件,一是印支期高压或超高压变质,另一期是燕山期热变质事件;榴辉岩及英云闪长质片麻岩的原岩形成时代为晚元古代;锆石U-Pb年龄可用多期变质增生模型来解释。     

Physical properties of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks from the Sulu terrain, eastern central China: implications for the seismic structure at the Donghai (CCSD) drilling site

About 30 samples representing major lithologies of Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks were collected from surface exposures and exploration wells, and compressional (Vp) and shear wave (Vs) velocities and their directional dependence (anisotropy) were determined over a range of constant confining pressures up to 600 MPa and temperatures ranging from 20 to 600 °C. Samples range in composition from acidic to ultramafic. P- and S-wave velocities measured at 600 MPa vary from 5.08 to 8.64 km/s and 2.34 to 4.93 km/s, respectively. Densities are in the range from 2.60 to 3.68 g/cm³. To make a direct tie between seismic measurements (refraction and reflection) and subsurface lithologies, the experimental velocity data (corresponding to shallow depths) were used to calculate velocity profiles for the different lithologies and profiles of reflection coefficients at possible lithologic interfaces across the projected 5000-m Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CCSD) crustal segment. Comparison of calculated in situ velocities with respective intrinsic velocities suggests that the in situ velocities at shallow depths are lowered by an increased abundance of open microcracks. The strongly reflective zone beneath the Donghai drill site can be explained by the impedance contrasts between the different lithologies. Contacts between eclogite/peridotite and felsic rocks (gt-gneiss, granitic gneiss), in particular, may give rise to strong seismic reflections. In addition, shear-induced (lattice preferred orientation (LPO)-related) seismic anisotropy can increase reflectivity. For the explanation of the high velocity bodies (>6.4 km/s) around 1000 m and below 3200-m depth, large proportions of eclogite/peridotite (about 40 and 30 vol.%, respectively) are needed.     

Fluid generation and evolution during exhumation of deeply subducted UHP continental crust: Petrogenesis of composite granite–quartz veins in the Sulu belt,China

Composite granite–quartz veins occur in retrogressed ultrahigh pressure (UHP) eclogite enclosed in gneiss at General's Hill in the central Sulu belt, eastern China. The granite in the veins has a high‐pressure (HP) mineral assemblage of dominantly quartz+phengite+allanite/epidote+garnet that yields pressures of 2.5–2.1 GPa (Si‐in‐phengite barometry) and temperatures of 850–780°C (Ti‐in‐zircon thermometry) at 2.5 GPa (~20°C lower at 2.1 GPa). Zircon overgrowths on inherited cores and new grains of zircon from both components of the composite veins crystallized at c. 221 Ma. This age overlaps the timing of HP retrograde recrystallization dated at 225–215 Ma from multiple localities in the Sulu belt, consistent with the HP conditions retrieved from the granite. The ε_Hf(t) values of new zircon from both components of the composite veins and the Sr–Nd isotope compositions of the granite consistently lie between values for gneiss and eclogite, whereas δ¹⁸O values of new zircon are similar in the veins and the crustal rocks. These data are consistent with zircon growth from a blended fluid generated internally within the gneiss and the eclogite, without any ingress of fluid from an external source. However, at the peak metamorphic pressure, which could have reached 7 GPa, the rocks were likely fluid absent. During initial exhumation under UHP conditions, exsolution of H₂O from nominally anhydrous minerals generated a grain boundary supercritical fluid in both gneiss and eclogite. As exhumation progressed, the volume of fluid increased allowing it to migrate by diffusing porous flow from grain boundaries into channels and drain from the dominant gneiss through the subordinate eclogite. This produced a blended fluid intermediate in its isotope composition between the two end‐members, as recorded by the composite veins. During exhumation from UHP (coesite) eclogite to HP (quartz) eclogite facies conditions, the supercritical fluid evolved by dissolution of the silicate mineral matrix, becoming increasingly solute‐rich, more ‘granitic’ and more viscous until it became trapped. As crystallization began by diffusive loss of H₂O to the host eclogite concomitant with ongoing exhumation of the crust, the trapped supercritical fluid intersected the solvus for the granite–H₂O system, allowing phase separation and formation of the composite granite–quartz veins. Subsequently, during the transition from HP eclogite to amphibolite facies conditions, minor phengite breakdown melting is recorded in both the granite and the gneiss by K‐feldspar+plagioclase+biotite aggregates located around phengite and by K‐feldspar veinlets along grain boundaries. Phase equilibria modelling of the granite indicates that this late‐stage melting records P–T conditions towards the end of the exhumation, with the subsolidus assemblage yielding 0.7–1.1 GPa at <670°C. Thus, the composite granite–quartz veins represent a rare example of a natural system recording how the fluid phase evolved during exhumation of continental crust. The successive availability of different fluid phases attending retrograde metamorphism from UHP eclogite to amphibolite facies conditions will affect the transport of trace elements through the continental crust and the role of these fluids as metasomatic agents interacting with the mantle wedge in the subduction channel.     

辽河大民屯凹陷中央构造带太古宇变质岩储层岩性特征分析

综合分析录井、测井、地震、岩心与分析化验等资料,对大民屯凹陷中央构造带太古宇变质岩储层岩性类型、空间分布、岩性对储层的控制作用进行了研究。研究认为：本区太古宇变质岩岩性分为三大类18种,主要有混合花岗岩、混合片麻岩、混合岩、角闪斜长片麻岩、浅粒岩、角闪岩、变粒岩,夹丰富不均一的基性脉岩和碎裂岩。有效储层岩性为碎裂化混合花岗岩与碎裂化变粒岩、浅粒岩、片麻岩;变质岩在垂向上（由下至上）分为多个岩性段,从混合花岗岩至浅粒岩与风化壳,垂向上可进行类似于沉积岩层序的地层对比,岩性在平面上也呈现分区性。变质岩体在岩性上是不均一的、非均质的块体。矿物种类和岩石类型对研究区变质岩裂缝型储层起重要作用,碎裂化变粒岩、浅粒岩、混合花岗岩与片麻岩可作为优质储层。     

大别山超高压变质岩折返机制与华北-华南陆块碰撞过程

古地磁研究表明华北和华南陆块的碰撞始于三叠纪初 ,止于晚侏罗世 ;同位素年代学研究及大别山北部中—上侏罗统砾岩层中榴辉岩砾石的发现表明大别山超高压变质岩形成于三叠纪初 ,并在中—晚侏罗世出露于地表。因此 ,超高压变质岩是在陆陆碰撞过程中完成它的折返出露过程。揭示超高压变质岩的折返历史与机制有助于我们认识大陆的碰撞过程。大别山超高压变质岩及其围岩θ t冷却曲线显示超高压变质岩从 80 0℃到 3 0 0℃经历了三个阶段 :( 2 2 6± 3 )～ ( 2 1 9± 7)Ma期间从80 0℃到 5 0 0℃的第一次快速冷却 ,1 80～ 1 70Ma期间从 4 5 0℃到 3 0 0℃的第二次快速冷却 )和介于两者之间的等温过程。这一具有两次快速冷却的θ t曲线已被近年来的若干年代学数据所证实。超高压变质岩的两次快速冷却事件反映了两次快速抬升过程。在东秦岭及苏鲁地体东端发育的同碰撞花岗岩U Pb年龄值为 2 2 5～ 2 0 5Ma,与超高压变质岩第一次快速冷却时代吻合。这种时代耦合关系表明俯冲板片断离可能是超高压变质岩第一次快速抬升和冷却的重要机制。大别山Pb同位素填图揭示出南大别带超高压变质岩具有高反射成因Pb特征 ,因而源于俯冲的上地壳 ;而北大别带超高压变质岩具有低放射成因Pb特征 ,源于俯冲长英质下地壳。这表明在俯     

华中榴辉岩域的岩浆型榴辉岩及其形成机制

中国中部鄂豫皖苏鲁的榴辉岩分布面积约达５００００ｋｍ＾２，构成地球上一个罕见的宏大的榴辉岩域。榴辉岩的主要围岩是长曲质片麻岩，它与榴辉岩不是相同高压变质作用的产物。     

中国超高压变质岩十五年研究进展

本文对20世纪80年代以来中国超高压变质岩研究的历史做了简要回顾，列举了该领域的5项重要进展，即：①发现了大批超高压变质岩，使中国的大别山-苏鲁超高压变质岩带成为世界之最；②通过细致的矿物学研究，确认低密度的陆壳岩石可以被俯冲到地下200多公里深处，经历超高压变质作用；③多种同位素体系定年结果表明，大别山-苏鲁超高压变质作用是在中生代早期扬子板块俯冲到中朝板块之下时发生的；④对超高压变质岩中O、C、H等同位素的研究进一步表明，超高压变质作用过程中并无大规模流体活动，大气水的O同位素成分可被带到地幔深处而不改变；⑤通过对岩石学、矿物学、年代学、构造地质学、地球物理学等多学科资料的综合研究，提出了超高压变质地体的多阶段折返模式。文中对目前超高压变质岩研究中的几个争论焦点做了归纳。     

大别山北大别杂岩的大地构造属性

北大别杂岩主要由花岗质片麻岩及斜长角闪岩组成 ,含有不同类型、大小不等的麻粒岩岩块和变质超镁铁质岩块 ,侵入有大量白垩纪花岗岩和辉石 -辉长岩类。其中的花岗质片麻岩、斜长角闪岩具有岛弧环境的岩石地球化学特征 ,代表拼贴于扬子陆块北缘的新元古代古岛弧。北大别杂岩北可与庐镇关群相连 ,南俯于超高压变质岩之下 ,在三叠纪扬子陆块与华北陆块的碰撞过程中 ,曾与超高压变质岩一起俯冲到地幔深度并经受榴辉岩相变质作用 ,然后在折返过程中叠加了麻粒岩相及角闪岩相变质作用 ,是扬子陆块北缘陆壳俯冲基底的一部分     

徐淮地区中生代侵入杂岩中角闪岩和片麻岩类捕虏体的岩石学和地球化学:对深部地壳物质组成的制约

徐淮地区中生代侵入杂岩中角闪岩和片麻岩类捕虏体的主要元素、微量元素地球化学特征及其岩相学的研究表明,它们经历了两期变质作用的改造,即早期的榴辉岩相变质和晚期的角闪岩相退化变质。其原岩为拉斑玄武质岩石,在其形成过程中有较强的陆壳物质混染;部分捕虏体可能代表了本区深部地壳的物质组成,且具有华北地块基底的性质。中生代早期该区上地幔是多种岩石构成的构造混杂岩带,深部地壳主要由片麻岩类、角闪岩类和少量石榴辉石岩类组成。早白垩世时期深部地壳主要由一套快速折返至下地壳的榴辉岩相变质岩石所构成,它们普遍发生了角闪岩相退化变质,并与原下部地壳的深变质岩(片麻岩和角闪岩)混杂在一起,构成了一个构造混杂体。