山东蒙阴金伯利岩中石榴石特征及种类划分

石榴石是山东蒙阴金伯利岩型金刚石矿区的重要指示矿物之一,为了确定山东蒙阴金刚石矿区颜色复杂的石榴石种类,判断矿区石榴石特征与含矿性关系。项目组对矿区不同含矿程度金伯利岩中的石榴石进行了系统采样,测定了50件单晶石榴石微区化学成分和128个石榴石单晶的晶胞参数,测试结果显示：山东蒙阴金伯利岩中石榴石族矿物化学式A₃B₂[SiO₄]₃中的A组阳离子由Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺和Fe²⁺组成,二价阳离子主要为Mg²⁺,Mg²⁺占据十二面体空腔中心位置达53%～82%左右,Ca²⁺占据十二面体空腔中心位置小于7%～17%、Fe²⁺占据十二面体空腔中心位置5%～31%左右。B组阳离子主要由Al³⁺、Cr³⁺和Fe³⁺组成,三价阳离子主要为Al³⁺,[AlO₆]八面体占位达62%～92%左右,[FeO₆]和[CrO₆]八面体占位小于38%;按50个石榴石不同阳离子占据十二面体空腔和八面体空腔的位置多少,山东蒙阴石榴石可划分为10个亚种。根据山东蒙阴金伯利岩中石榴石成分,计算出石榴石形成压力为6.0～9.0 GPa,推测山东蒙阴矿区金伯利岩中有来自深源的石榴石。128件石榴石晶胞参数统计结果显示：山东蒙阴无矿、贫矿、中等含矿、富矿金伯利岩岩体中紫色石榴石晶胞参数分别为大于1.162 nm、1.159～1.160 nm、1.156～1.160 nm和1.155～1.157 nm之间,从无矿岩体→贫矿岩体→中等含矿岩体→富矿岩体,紫色石榴石晶胞参数值有明显变小的趋势。     

我国四大矿区温石棉粉尘诱导A549细胞凋亡和周期阻滞的对比研究

通过FT-IR和XRD对四川新康、陕西陕南、甘肃阿克塞和青海茫崖四大矿区温石棉的物相成分、谱学特征进行测试分析,利用MTT法、流式细胞术检测了4种温石棉纤维粉尘染毒A549细胞后的细胞存活率、凋亡率和细胞周期分布,比较和探讨了四大矿区温石棉纤维粉尘抑制细胞增殖能力的大小及其对细胞凋亡和周期阻滞的影响。研究结果显示,四大矿区温石棉的主要物相是斜纤蛇纹石,新康温石棉成分比其他3种温石棉的复杂,阿克塞和茫崖温石棉的成分相似;四大矿区的温石棉化学基团基本相同,阿克塞和茫崖温石棉纤维的表面结构较陕南和新康温石棉的完善。4种温石棉均能不同程度地抑制A549细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡和周期阻滞:茫崖组凋亡率最大(22. 56±2. 56)%,陕南组凋亡率最小(19. 57±3. 07)%;细胞周期阻滞均以G2/M期阻滞为主,新康、陕南、阿克塞和茫崖组处于G2/M期细胞比例分别增加8. 90%、8. 58%、9. 13%和10. 44%。4种温石棉导致细胞凋亡和周期阻滞的能力:茫崖新康阿克塞陕南。     

云南省大坪金矿区二长花岗岩的 地球化学特征及地质意义

[摘 要] 大坪金矿区岩浆活动频繁,矿区出露的二长花岗岩体规模较大,岩性为中粗粒二长花岗岩。在岩石化学组成上,SiO₂含量为67.32%～71.71%、Al₂O₃为14.54%～16.66%,属于过铝质花岗岩类。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(Sr、U、Rb 和Ba)和轻稀土元素(LREE)、相对亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nb和Ti), 且Ta、Nb 和Ti 具“TNT"负异常;啄Eu 值为0. 80～1. 44,负Eu 异常不明显;87 Sr/ 86 Sr 值范围为0.7078～0. 7436,均值0. 7256,高于原始地幔现代值0.7045;¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd 值范围为0. 5119～0. 5122,均值0. 5120,低于原始地幔现代值0. 512638;ε_Nd值范围为-2. 5～-4.2,均值-3.98。表明矿区二长花岗岩源区应来自于“壳-幔混合带"的部分熔融,形成于同碰撞或碰撞晚期的构造环境。二长花岗岩体与大坪金矿成矿流体具有相同源区,岩体为大坪金矿的形成提供了热源和主要成矿流体。     

辽宁弓长岭铁矿床二矿区流体包裹体研究

弓长岭铁矿床二矿区富铁矿体在空间上与由石榴子石、角闪石、绿泥石等矿物组成的交代岩关系密切,显示与热液活动相关。根据交代岩中矿物共生组合、交代岩与矿体的穿插交代关系等特征,将弓长岭铁矿床二矿区富矿成矿过程分为早期热液交代阶段、晚期热液交代阶段和石英脉阶段。对这3个阶段石英中的流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温和激光拉曼光谱分析。结果表明,不同测定对象中的流体包裹体类型相似,主要有富液相、富气相及含子矿物多相包裹体等类型。但它们的均一温度和盐度有明显差别,早期热液交代阶段石英中的包裹体均一温度主要集中于340~398℃,盐度主要集中于0.88%~6.3%和33.5%~40.6%两个区间,成矿流体以富CO₂的CO₂-CH₄-H₂O的中低盐度、中高温热液流体为主,并混有含石盐子矿物的高盐度、中高温热液流体,有大量磁铁矿富矿形成;晚期热液交代阶段石英中的包裹体均一温度主要集中于230~280℃,盐度主要集中于0.88%~4.96%,该阶段成矿流体为含CO₂的CO₂-H₂O±CH₄的中低温、低盐度热液流体,是富矿的较重要成矿阶段;石英脉阶段石英中的包裹体均一温度主要集中于150~180℃,盐度主要集中于1.06%~2.07%,该阶段流体为含CO₂-H₂O的低盐度、低温的热液流体,与富矿的形成关系不大。     

石棉尾矿制备轻质氧化镁的工艺条件研究

以石棉尾矿为原料,对制备轻质氧化镁的工艺条件进行了优化选择。以硫酸浸矿,在矿物粒度为80目,酸用量为理论值的120%,液固比为4∶1,反应温度为(95±2)℃,反应时间为1 h的条件下,镁的浸出率可达81.74%;采用多效分离剂,在pH值为5.5~6.5时分离杂质铁,经碳酸钠水溶液沉淀的碳酸镁,在850℃焙烧2.5 h,其轻质氧化镁的纯度达到99.3%,为石棉尾矿的综合利用提供了一条新的途径。     

黑龙江鸡东金场沟铜钼矿含矿岩体的主量元素特征及其构造环境

黑龙江鸡东金场沟矿区岩浆岩主要为花岗闪长斑岩, 岩石SiO₂含量为62.60% ～64.18% , 全碱 (Na₂O + K₂O) 含量为6.57% ～7.45% , K₂O >Na₂O; MAL I指数为4.48～6.68, ASI指数(铝饱和指数) 为1.44～1.79 > 1.1, 富磷( > 0.2% ) , 属镁质、碱性、(强) 过铝质花岗岩, 且岩浆分异程度较高(D I = 71.71～76.92) 。该区的花岗闪长斑岩形成于碰撞后－造山晚期的构造环境, 岩浆源区的物质可能主要来源于地壳物质, 源岩可能是砂屑岩。     

煤矿区城市矿物气溶胶的SEM-EDX特征分析

采集煤矿区城市义马、平顶山、永城夏季大气PM₁₀样品,采用带能谱的扫描电镜(SEM-EDX)研究了PM₁₀中的矿物颗粒组成、成因及来源。结果表明,矿区矿物颗粒按化学成分共有5种主要类型,分别为"富Si"、"富Ca"、"富S"、"富K"、"富Cl"型。其中平顶山地区"富Si"颗粒占百分比最高(78%),矿物颗粒硫酸盐化程度小;永城地区硫酸盐化程度中等,几乎所有的"富Ca"碱性碳酸盐颗粒都硫酸盐化成石膏;义马地区矿物硫酸盐化程度最大,除石膏以外,还有一定量硫酸铵形成。永城和义马地区还出现了一定量的"富K"(12.7%)和"富Cl"(10.6%)颗粒,与秸秆焚烧活动有关。通过对3个矿区城市PM₁₀硫酸盐化程度对比可以发现,偏碱性的碳酸盐矿物、煤炭燃烧和秸秆焚烧燃烧释放出大量的酸性SO₂以及较高的空气湿度,均有利于硫酸盐化的进行,硫酸盐颗粒的形成对煤矿区城市的区域性气候具有一定影响。     

滇西镇康放羊山Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿床流体包裹体和C-O同位素研究

滇西镇康放羊山Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿床是保山地块发现的首个富铜的铅锌多金属矿床。为探讨其成矿流体来源和矿床成因,对该矿床开展了流体包裹体和C-O同位素研究。结果表明,阶段Ⅱ主要发育富液相包裹体,均一温度和盐度（NaCl_eq,质量分数）集中在240～300℃和8.0%～18.0%;阶段Ⅲ以含CO₂和子矿物包裹体为特征,均一温度和盐度的两个峰值为360～400℃、16.0%～24.0%和240～320℃、4.0%～14.0%;阶段Ⅳ以富液相和纯液相包裹体为主,均一温度和盐度降低至220～340℃和8.0%～14.0%。C-O同位素分析结果（δ¹³C_V-PDB值为-5.88‰~-2.37‰,δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW值为8.18‰~12.79‰）显示成矿流体主要来源于岩浆热液,在迁移过程中受到围岩溶解作用的影响。综合研究认为,放羊山矿床阶段Ⅱ和阶段Ⅲ的成矿流体主要来源于大陆碰撞形成的中高温、中高盐度、富CO₂岩浆热液,在阶段Ⅲ晚期和阶段Ⅳ受到中低温、低盐度大气降水的影响;矿床为受构造控制明显的中高温热液矿床,预测在矿区深部有望找到矽卡岩型矿体。     

东天山寨北山铜矿区钠质火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及其成因

寨北山矿区海相火山岩为一套富钠的玄武安山玢岩、安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩组合,属于钙碱性系列岩石,具有低MgO（0.51%~5.93%,平均2.54%）、FeO（0.54%~6.39%,平均2.84%）和钛（TiO₂=0.09%~1.10%,平均0.58%）,富铝（Al₂O₃=12.23%~17.75%,平均15.20%,A/CNK=0.79~1.42,平均1.11）以及富钠（Na₂O/K₂O平均为7.30）、富水的特征。火山岩中斜长石主要为钠长石,少量更长石。轻、重稀土分馏较明显（（LREE/HREE）_N=3.68~9.00）,微量元素显示大离子亲石元素（如Th、U、Rb）、轻稀土的富集和高场强元素（如Nb、Ta、Ti、P）相对亏损的特征。获得矿区雅满苏组钠质玄武安山玢岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为（337.6±3.3）Ma,为早石炭世火山活动的产物。火山岩岩石学及地球化学特征表明研究区钠质火山岩可能形成于俯冲带近大陆方向的岛弧构造环境,是早石炭世洋壳俯冲熔融产生的岩浆在海底喷发过程中与海水相互反应后,经低变质相作用产生的。成矿元素在钠长石化过程中可能被淋滤出来进入含矿热液,后期在适当的温压等条件下沉淀形成本区的矿床。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘铜城一带碱性岩地质特征及找矿前景浅析

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘铜城一带的碱性岩地学界主要是对岩体的时空分布、岩石学和岩石地球化学特征、形成时代及其与油气成藏关系等方面进行了研究。本次研究根据国内对含钾岩石的某些研究成果,通过对碱性岩资料的收集、分析,发现碱性岩具有较高的w（Al₂O₃）（18. 40%～20. 00%）、w（K₂O）（9. 69%～10. 2%）和较低的w（SiO₂）（45. 42%～55. 61%）、w（Na2O）（0. 38%～1. 53%）、w（MgO）（0. 27%～0. 53%）等,岩石整体表现出富钾、铝、钙,贫硅、镁等的强碱性硅不饱和的特征。岩石的K₂O含量与《矿产资源工业要求手册》中关于含钾岩石制取钾肥一般工业指标及中国富钾正长岩中K₂O含量相当,从理论上认为该碱性岩具有非水溶性钾矿资源的找矿前景。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861