粉煤灰浸出特性试验研究

利用浸出试验方法,对火电厂粉煤灰进行浸出特性的测定,对其有害特性进行鉴别并分析其浸出规律,从而为地下水受粉煤灰排水影响后的水质预测、堆灰场选址、环境影响评价提供依据.     

粉煤灰填筑高速公路路堤的可行性研究

粉煤灰具有自重轻、抗剪强度高、抗压性能好、渗透性能好固结快、容量大技术要求低等优点。作为高速公路路基填料可同时解决其存放占地及高速公路路堤填土需征地的问题。此项施工中应充分利用粉煤灰的活性、在最佳含水量下压实及采用相应措施加强排水.     

富拉尔基热电总厂粉煤灰敏感性指标的试验研究

以富拉尔基热电总厂粉煤灰为研究对象，对其与水和温度有关的各项敏感性指标－渗透稳定性、软化特性、冻融强度损失和冻胀性进行了试验研究。     

粉煤灰碎石混凝土灌注桩法加固软弱地基效果的分析与检验

对由深厚软弱土层组成的地基,采用粉煤灰碎石混凝土灌注桩法予以加固处理时,其施工机具相对简单,工期短,节约“三材”,投资省,具有显著的经济效益。由粉煤灰碎石混凝土灌注桩和深厚软弱土层共同构成的复合地基的工程特性,介于一般碎石桩复合地基与混凝土桩桩基之间,其基本特征是:承载力的提高,主要是置于深厚软弱土层中的粉煤灰碎石混凝土灌注桩的排水和垂直加筋作用的结果;其承载机理,部分具有一般碎石桩复合地基的特征;在结构物荷载作用下,其桩、土荷载分担特征,比较接近于普通混凝土桩桩基。     

控制粉煤灰密实度以替代砂类土的原位测试

本文是一例研究粉煤灰替代排水砂沟中以黄砂为材料的原位试验。通过建立静力触探比贯入阻力与干容重的相关关系,找出达到设计要求的7.5 KN/m干容重的最佳夯实击数(振密遍数),从而有效地控制了粉煤灰的密实度。     

正常固结饱和地基土的总应力强度指标

地基极限承载力与土体稳定分析的总应力分析法需要用土的总应力强度指标。三种常规室内三轴试验的固结应力状态、剪切时的应力路径和排水条件与地基土原位受荷破坏时不尽相同。本文首先建立三种典型排水条件下模拟地基土实际受力的总应力强度指标理论式 ,分析了其变化规律 ;与常规三轴试验结果进行了比较 ;分析了固结不排水条件下的强度计算途径和对应的指标 ;最后建立了两种部分排水条件下的总应力强度指标的计算式 ,分析了它们随固结的变化。     

高填方地基不排水稳定性分析强度指标研究

目前国内工程界对高填方地基的排水稳定性关注较多,然而针对地下水位较高、排水性能较差的原状地基,由快速填筑引起的不排水稳定性问题更为突出。综述了现行规范中关于边坡不排水稳定性分析的相关条文及国内外常用方法。通过分析总应力摩擦角的应力路径相关性以及计算原状地基典型点位的总应力加载路径,解释了采用三轴固结不排水（consolidated-undrained,简称CU）总应力强度指标进行不排水分析,会高估高填方地基的不排水稳定性,该方法存在理论缺陷和工程隐患。以简单假想边坡模型和某高填方机场实际工程为算例,利用简化Bishop法,选用5种不排水分析指标或模型,分别计算其不排水稳定性安全系数。结果表明：CU总应力法会高估高填方地基的不排水稳定性;其余4种方法计算得到的不排水稳定性安全系数比较接近,相对适用。     

高掺量粉煤灰绿色建筑材料的开发应用

高掺量粉煤灰（掺量≥50%）绿色建筑制品的研究开发是目前粉煤灰综合利用的重点开发研究课题。高掺量粉煤灰砖固化技术是高效高值利用粉煤灰的一项新技术，具有显著的经济效益、社会效益和环保效益。本课题组发明的粉煤灰固化技术其粉煤灰掺量达到85%以上，砖强度达到10MPa以上，本文对粉煤灰砖的抗冰性能及其强度的影响因素进行了讨论。     

渍害田地下排水设计指标的研究

在采用稳定流进行排水设计时,常以允许最小地下水埋深和相应排水系数作为设计指标,在用非稳定流方法设计时,多根据一次降诟允许的地下水位降速作为排水设计指标。随着计算机工,地下水动态的计算日益方便,在作物产量与地下水动态关系的基础上,提出了采用作物生长期或生长阶段地下水动态作为指标的多种形式,如累积超标深度ＳＥＷ、抑制天数指标ＳＤＩ、累积减产指标ＣＲＩ等。本文对渍害田排水设计指标的研究现状及展望进行了论     

粉煤灰改良膨胀土试验研究

研究掺粉煤灰对合肥膨胀土的物理性质指标以及胀缩性指标等的影响,探讨利用粉煤灰改良膨胀土的措施与效果。试验研究结果表明,在膨胀土中掺入适量的粉煤灰可有效降低膨胀土的塑性指数、降低膨胀势、减小线缩率与降低活性。在膨胀土中掺入粉煤灰还可改变膨胀土的击实特性,一定击实功作用下,随着掺灰率的增加,土体的最优含水率与最大干密度均减小,膨胀土中掺入粉煤灰后,膨胀土可在较小的含水率下通过击实或压实达到稳定。掺灰膨胀土的膨胀量与膨胀力随养护龄期的增长而减小;没有经过养护的掺灰土,其无侧限抗压强度随掺灰率的变化几乎没有变化,经过7 d养护后,土的无侧限抗压强度有所增长,并且存在一个峰值点,合肥膨胀土的无侧限抗压强度所对应的最佳掺粉煤灰率约为15 %～20 %。     

钻孔压灌粉煤灰混凝土桩复合地基的应用研究

通过工程实例，介绍了钻孔压灌粉煤灰混凝土桩的施工技术，说明了其施工工艺及特点，并利用6组静荷载试验成果，对粉煤灰混凝土桩复合地基的承载力特性进行了分析。     

Development of a pulverized fly ash suspension grout

A Greek lignite fly ash was selected because of its hydraulic properties and was pulverized to produce a specific surface of 8300 cm²/g, and a gradation with D₁₅, D₅₀, and D₈₅ equal to 1.3 m, 6 m and 20 m, respectively. The pulverized fly ash suspension properties were optimized by adding a suitable superplasticizer and a suitable accelerator at optimum dosages. The experimental evaluation of suspension properties included sedimentation tests, viscosity'measurements, rheological properties, setting times and development of strength with time. Groutability and effectiveness were evaluated by injecting selected suspensions into clean sands. Pulverization improves remarkably the behavior of fly ash suspensions. Suspensions with water to solids ratios of 1.5:1 and 2:1 by weight and containing additives, behave as Bingham fluids, have apparent viscosity lower than 70 cP, bleed capacity lower than 5%, initial setting time lower than 24 h, and can be injected into relatively coarse sands. These characteristics are comparable to those obtained for ordinary and microfine cement suspensions, showing that pulverized fly ash suspensions can be used for permeation grouting.     

Laboratory Comparison of Crushed Aggregate and Recycled Pavement Material With and Without High Carbon Fly Ash

In-place recycling of asphalt pavement materials is a sustainable rehabilitation method. Existing hot-mix asphalt (HMA) layer is pulverized and blended with some or the entire base course and possibly some subgrade to form a broadly graded material referred to as recycled pavement material (RPM). The RPM is then compacted as the new base course and overlaid by a new layer of HMA. In some occasions, additives are added to increase the strength of RPM base course, such as cement, emulsion, fly ash. It is plausible to utilize high calcium high carbon fly ash, as the high level of carbon prevents fly ash from being used in concrete. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of these materials, including crushed aggregate, untreated RPM, and treated RPM with high carbon fly ash. The tests included compaction, California Bearing Ratio, resilient modulus, and unconfined compressive strength for treated RPM. The engineering properties of these materials were compared.     

Morphological and strength analysis of PCC bottom ash amended with bentonite

Within the last few years several studies have been completed to evaluate strength, stiffness, and durability properties of pulverized coal combustion (PCC) bottom ash mixed with various admixtures. Studies have shown that strength and stiffness of PCC bottom ash mixed with sodium bentonite changes with the increase in the curing period. Researchers have concluded that this change is due to the chemical composition of the bottom ash and bentonite. In order to understand the reasons for the change in characteristics of bottom ash-bentonite mixtures with time, the strength and structural characteristics of bottom ash-bentonite mixtures cured for various periods was evaluated. Results of the strength testing showed increase in strength and stiffness of the mixtures with curing period. The results of structural analysis using environmental scanning electron microscopy show development of fibrous elements which may cause increase in the unconfined compressive strength and stiffness of the mixtures with the curing period. Selected results from this study are presented herein.     

Impact of co-combustion of petroleum coke and coal on fly ash quality: Case study of a Western Kentucky power plant

Petroleum coke has been used as a supplement or replacement for coal in pulverized-fuel combustion. At a 444-MW western Kentucky power station, the combustion of nearly 60% petroleum coke with moderate- to high-sulfur Illinois Basin coal produces fly ash with nearly 50% uncombusted petroleum coke and large amounts of V and Ni when compared to fly ash from strictly pulverized coal burns. Partitioning of the V and Ni, known from other studies to be concentrated in petroleum coke, was noted. However, the distribution of V and Ni does not directly correspond to the amount of uncombusted petroleum coke in the fly ash. Vanadium and Ni are preferentially associated with the finer, higher surface area fly ash fractions captured at lower flue gas temperatures. The presence of uncombusted petroleum coke in the fly ash doubles the amount of ash to be disposed, makes the fly ash unmarketable because of the high C content, and would lead to higher than typical (compared to other fly ashes in the region) concentrations of V and Ni in the fly ash even if the petroleum coke C could be beneficiated from the fly ash. Further studies of co-combustion ashes are necessary in order to understand their behavior in disposal.     

掺土粉煤灰的工程性质试验研究

粉煤灰是火电厂燃煤的副产品,如何处理利用是国内外十分关注的问题。目前,解决这一问题的途径很多,利用粉煤灰进行筑坝或作为基础填筑材料是比较有效的消纳方法。粉煤灰是一种轻质、多孔松散体,在许多方面具有比较优越的工程性能,但因为纯的粉煤灰缺少必要的凝聚力,对水的反映较为敏感,从而对工程的安全运行造成不利影响。在粉煤灰中掺合不同量的黏土有望改善粉煤灰的工程性能,对不同掺土量粉煤灰力学特性的研究有助于更好促进粉煤灰的工程应用。以咸阳渭河电厂粉煤灰为研究对象,对其掺入不同比例的黄土掺合形成掺土粉煤灰,通过击实试验、压缩试验、直剪试验和三轴试验等研究不同掺土量下粉煤灰的工程特性,得到不同掺土量对粉煤灰变形及强度特性的影响规律,为在工程中有效利用粉煤灰,改善其工程性质提供参考。     

桦甸油页岩基础物化特性研究

对油页岩进行了扫描电镜分析,测定了油页岩的密度、可磨性、灰分特性、比热、含油率等物性参数,并采用热重分析仪详细研究了油页岩样品在典型工况下的热解及燃烧特性。结果表明,桦甸油页岩是一种高灰分、高挥发分、低热值和具有中等结渣倾向的劣质燃料;不同矿区的油页岩的品质有区别,其中大城子四层的油页岩品质较好,公郎头十一层较差。利用热解和燃烧的实验数据建立的油页岩热解及燃烧的动力学模型表明,油页岩的热解反应属于一级反应,其燃烧反应在不同的温度范围内可用不同的反应级数来描述。     

漂珠轻质砖的隔热保温机理分析

由于粉煤灰中的空心微珠，特别是漂珠，具有低密度，成分特殊，优异的热学性质等一系列特殊的理化特性，使其漂珠轻质砖具有导热系数低，耐压强度高，导热系数随温度升高的递增率小等特点。本文从声子导热，光子导热和宏观热学性质三个方面分析了漂珠轻质砖的导热机理。     

Using digital mapping techniques to evaluate beneficiation potential in a coal ash pond

Coal-fired power plants produce energy and many by-products (unburned carbon, fly ash, and bottom ash) that are normally stored in permitted ponds and landfills. When the storage facility fills to capacity, it is necessary to haul material off-site for disposal, construct a new storage facility, or find a use for some of the material. Because certain criteria must be met to successfully beneficiate the ash, mapping the ash reserve provides data that shows where the most promising recovery sites will be.The University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER) in conjunction with Western Kentucky Energy (WKE) and the US Department of Energy are constructing an ash beneficiation plant to recover high quality fuel and lightweight aggregate from the ash ponds at WKE's Coleman Station in Hawesville, KY. To determine the locations of the most productive areas, an extensive sampling and mapping project is underway. An amphibious ATV-mounted hydraulic drill has been employed to take core samples throughout the pond. These samples are then evaluated for particle size distribution, carbon content, chemical and leaching properties. With this information as well as each drill-hole's GPS coordinates and aerial photographs of the plant site, digital maps have been produced showing trends of deposition of material in the pond. Using a Geographical Information System to compile the data, the feasibility of removing ash for beneficial re-use can assessed.     

体积模型非线性算法预测煤层原煤灰分的分析研究

煤层原煤灰分的分析研究是煤田数字测井定量解释极其重要的内容。本文用体积模型非线性算法,于山西河东煤田沙坪1^#露勘区和河南永城煤田城郊井田两个地区,预测中高阻煤层原煤灰分,获得均方差分别为2.65%和1.78%的好结果。