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Shengming Hu Zhijian Chen Chenghui Wan Chun Tang Wen Xiong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):385-392
AbstractCompared with traditional methods, the three-dimensional laser-scanning (3D-LS) technique can efficiently acquire many high-quality geometric properties of rock discontinuities. In practice, engineers usually prefer to simplify the processing by using single-station point data and roughly orienting owing to the complexity of registration/georeferencing multi-station point data. However, prior published studies have paid little attention to the accuracy and reliability when determining discontinuity orientations using 3D-LS. We propose a reliable and accurate method with robust on-site applicability. As part of an ongoing effort, we are evaluating the precision of the commonly used coarse registration method and the fine registration method, and promoted the optimized coarse- and fine-registration methods and evaluated their precision. It is found that: (1) the common and the optimized registration method can meet our project’s engineering requirements, and the optimized registration method improved accuracy in the dip direction by approximately 1°; (2) fine registration using an iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm can correct both dip direction and dip angle; and (3) the orientation is of high precision with commonly used coarse and fine registration, whereas the optimization effect to correct the orientation is slightly limited. 相似文献
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低空旋翼无人机载LiDAR系统通过无人机平台集成三维激光扫描仪、定位定姿系统(Positioning and Orientation System,POS)为快速获取海岛、海岸带等测区地理信息提供了一种新的解决方案。首先比较了旋翼无人机LiDAR系统与传统机载LiDAR系统的不同之处,然后在海岛测绘实例中分别使用中海达ARS-100机载LiDAR系统和华测AS-300H机载LiDAR系统进行了同一海岛地形测绘,期间使用GNSS RTK技术采集地面特征点三维坐标作为校核点,检验了两种国产旋翼无人机载LiDAR测量系统在海岛测绘中的定位精度,实验结果表明两种国产设备绝对精度均达到±10 cm以内,验证了旋翼无人机载LiDAR技术在海岛礁测绘中的可行性。 相似文献
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Milovan Fustic Stephen M. Hubbard Ron Spencer Derald G. Smith Dale A. Leckie Barry Bennett Steve Larter 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2012,29(1):219-232
The vast Athabasca Oil Sands of Alberta, Canada has an estimated resource of more than 1.7 trillion barrels of bitumen in-place, the majority of which is hosted in the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation. Despite its economical significance the depositional environment of the formation, and particularly the middle part that is the primary reservoir in most areas, is still a matter of considerable debate. These strata of interest are widely known to comprise fluvial and estuarine point bar deposits that were subject to varying degrees of marine influence. The orientation of point bar strata from the formation is tabulated and the majority is observed to dip paleo-basinward, to the north. This observation has proven difficult to explain by geologists attempting to build predictive models for the formation over the last two decades. However, the basinward-dipping point bar strata can be attributed to widespread down-valley translation of point bars in confined north-south oriented valleys, which have previously been delineated in the region. Differentiating the deposits of lateral point bar migration and down-valley translation in the rock record is not possible at the facies scale, and thus translated point bars have not been previously recognized or interpreted in the rock record, despite their prevalence in numerous modern fluvial valley systems. Their identification in the McMurray Formation has important implications for the delineation and development of Canada’s economically significant oil sands resources. 相似文献
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The Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) instrument acquires eight channels of multispectral images, which consist of 16 slots positioned in four lines and columns. GOCI Level 1B data, therefore, consist of a mosaic of 16 images, geometrically corrected with the Image Navigation and Registration Software Module (INRSM) system based on automatic point landmark matching for each slot and band. A study of the geometric performance characteristics of the Level 1B data was conducted over a period from August 2010 to September 2011 using residual data from Bands 7 and 8. To evaluate the geometric performance in detail, this paper examines the following four types of image navigation and registration errors: navigation performance, within-frame registration, frame-to-frame registration, and band-toband registration. In addition to the performance statistics based on mosaic images, we used a slot-based analysis method for the rainy season (here, June 2011) to understand the local distribution of the geometric performance. From the image-based results, the navigation and frame-to-frame accuracies were better than 1 pixel and the band-to-band registration accuracy was better than 0.4 pixels, while the within-frame registration accuracy was less than 1 pixel. However, for the band-to-band performance, the percentage of observations that fell within the specifications was slightly less than 99.7% for all 240 frames from June 2011. The within-frame performance was much lower than the other performance categories and the residual error for the east-west direction was higher than that for the north-south direction. The results from the slotbased performance evaluation suggest that abnormal errors (e.g. above 53 ??rad for navigation) occur in some slots, although the performance during an estimation period of 7 continuous days was within the desired criteria. 相似文献
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RTK技术在杭州湾跨海大桥桥位地形测绘中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了RTK技术在杭州湾跨海大桥桥位地形测绘中的应用,并对其定位结果进行了精度比较与分析,结果表明:RTK定位测量的点位精度可达厘米级,各点位之间不存在误差积累,与全站仪等测量手段取得的结果符合得较好,可以用来代替二三级导线控制测量和等外水准等测量方法;流动站与基准站的距离在10km范围以内时,应用RTK技术对近岸水下地形进行测量具有方便、快捷、精度高等特点,但当此距离超过10km时,其精度则难以保证。杭州湾跨海大桥施工时应用RTK技术进行定位、高程测量,可提高工作效率和成果的质量。 相似文献
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全极化合成孔径雷达近岸风场反演研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Coastal winds are strongly influenced by topology and discontinuity between land and sea surfaces. Wind assessment from remote sensing in such a complex area remains a challenge. Space-borne scatterometer does not provide any information about the coastal wind field, as the coarse spatial resolution hampers the radar backscattering. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with a high spatial resolution and all-weather observation abilities has become one of the most important tools for ocean wind retrieval, especially in the coastal area. Conventional methods of wind field retrieval from SAR, however, require wind direction as initial information, such as the wind direction from numerical weather prediction models (NWP), which may not match the time of SAR image acquiring. Fortunately, the polarimetric observations of SAR enable independent wind retrieval from SAR images alone. In order to accurately measure coastal wind fields, this paper proposes a new method of using co-polarization backscattering coefficients from polarimetric SAR observations up to polarimetric correlation backscattering coefficients, which are acquired from the conjugate product of co-polarization backscatter and cross-polarization backscatter. Co-polarization backscattering coefficients and polarimetric correlation backscattering coefficients are obtained form Radarsat-2 single-look complex (SLC) data.The maximum likelihood estimation is used to gain the initial results followed by the coarse spatial filtering and fine spatial filtering. Wind direction accuracy of the final inversion results is 10.67 with a wind speed accuracy of 0.32 m/s. Unlike previous methods, the methods described in this article utilize the SAR data itself to obtain the wind vectors and do not need external wind directional information. High spatial resolution and high accuracy are the most important features of the method described herein since the use of full polarimetric observations contains more information about the space measured.This article is a useful addition to the work of independent SAR wind retrieval. The experimental results herein show that it is feasible to employ the co-polarimetric backscattering coefficients and the polarimetric correlation backscattering coefficients for coastal wind field retrieval. 相似文献
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改进了方向波谱的分析方法及噪声谱经验公式,使本法随测波环境及仪器特性自动修正经验参值,更易于实际应用。基于Maximum heave/pitch quad-spectrum method,由时域及频率域上的浮标动力反应数值计算,推求反应增益因子及相位延迟项,并进一步将其导入方向波谱计算,使其能修正资料浮标对波浪之轴不对称动态反应所造成的相位延迟不一致及主波向误差。经数值仿真验证,该方法的确能消减因资料浮标对波浪之轴不对称动态反应所造成的相位延迟及对主波向估算所造成之影响。应用花莲现场观测资料验证改良之主波向估算方法,得出是否考虑波浪运动与浮标运动间之振幅响应因子及相位延迟因子,所得之主波向的差异介于0-12℃之间。 相似文献
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Lucy R. Wyatt J. Jim Green Andrew Middleditch Mike D. Moorhead John Howarth Martin Holt Simon Keogh 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2006,31(4):819-834
This paper presents results of a trial of a Pisces HF radar system aimed at assessing its use as a component of a wave-monitoring network being installed around the coasts of England and Wales. The radar system has been operating since December 2003 and the trial continued to June 2005. The data have been processed in near-real time and displayed on a website. Radar measurements of the directional spectrum and derived parameters are compared with those measured with a directional waverider and with products from the Met Office, United Kingdom, operational wave model. Radar measurements of currents and winds are also compared with Met Office model products and, in the case of winds, with the QuikSCAT scatterometer. Statistics on data availability and accuracy are presented. The results demonstrate that useful availability and accuracy in wave and wind parameters are obtained above a waveheight threshold of 2 m and at ranges up to 120 km at the radar operating frequencies (7-10 MHz) used. Waveheight measurements above about 1 m can be made with reasonable accuracy (e.g., mean difference of 2.5% during January-February 2004). Period and direction parameters in low seas are often contaminated by noise in the radar signal. The comparisons provide some evidence of wave model limitations in offshore wind and swell conditions 相似文献
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三维激光点云数据具有精度高、数据获取高效、几何信息丰富的优势,在地形数据获取方面起到了越来越重要的作用。但在实际的外业测量中,由于视场角限制,一般都难以获取待测物体完整的点云数据,发生数据缺失现象。而根据摄影测量技术生成密集的影像点云,能获取复杂区域的测量数据。针对三维激光点云数据外业采集缺失的状况,结合影像密集点云特征,提出了一种加入动态迭代因子和分步最优求解尺度的改进尺度迭代最近点(scaling iterative closest point, SICP)算法,对影像点云与三维激光点云进行配准研究。实验结果表明:基于改进的SICP算法提高了影像点云与三维激光点云的配准精度、减少了迭代次数,能有效解决不同源平台获取的点云数据融合问题。 相似文献
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Yu Yuxiu Liu Shuxue Prof 《中国海洋工程》1992,(2)
- Measuring multi-directional waves with the wave gauge array is one of the fundamental and easily realised methods. In this paper, the wave gauge array is described and the effects of the gauge spacing, the array orientations, etc. of the three array arrangements, i. e., linear array, T-type array and pentagon array, on the resolution of the directional spreading of waves, are investigated experimentally. This study can be used as a reference in the experimental study and the field measurement of directional waves. 相似文献
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在沿岸水下地形测量中,高程控制是难点,在远离岸边的区域,不仅布设潮位站困难,而且潮位站水位改正的精度也难以保证,为提高沿岸水域测量的可靠性和灵活性,在河口区域的水深测量项目中进行了RTK、PPK、PPP3种模式的同步作业方式研究。结果表明,基于GNSS多模式三维水深测量的方法能有效提高水位改正的精度和可靠性。无论测区离岸距离多远,可以同步采用RTK、PPK和PPP的方式进行高程控制,这3种模式的高程测量差值均方差接近0.10m,精度能满足沿岸水域一般比例尺地形测量的高程精度要求。 相似文献
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在对构造演化、成藏要素、油源对比、成藏期次分析的基础上,结合Trinity油气运移成藏模拟分析软件对锦州25—1油田的油气运聚模拟研究,分析了形成锦州25—1油田的成藏主控因素,建立了其成藏模式,指出了该地区有利勘探方向。模拟分析结果表明,锦州25—1构造是辽西凹陷沙三段烃源岩生成油气运聚的有利指向区,而优良成藏要素的优势时空配置则是形成锦州25—1油田的关键因素。其成藏模式为:辽西凹陷沙三段烃源岩在东下段时期进入了大量生排烃期,生成的油气为一期充注,充注时间发生在东营组末期,沿东下段时期强烈构造运动伴生的断裂系统、沙二段广泛发育的砂体、沙二段与沙三段之间大型不整合面以及古构造脊所构成的疏导体系运移至沙二段圈闭成藏,而沙三段砂体则可以近源优势成藏。辽西凹陷西斜坡、凹中隆以及古构造脊是今后较为有利的勘探区域。 相似文献