地理学本体论：内涵、性质与理论价值

科学哲学研究表明,本体论问题的探讨对于具体学科的科学哲学研究和理论研究都具有重要意义。本文界定了地理学本体论的内涵,讨论了地理学方法论、本体论和地理学哲学的关系,比较和分析了哲学本体论与地理学本体论之间的联系和区别,阐述了地理学本体论的性质,概括了地理学本体论的理论价值。地理学本体论包括两个层面：地理学家和地理学流派的哲学本体论观念、地理学理论的本体论承诺,地理学家的本体论影响和决定着地理学家的认识论、方法论和价值论选择,而某个地理学理论的本体论承诺则是该理论得以成立的前提和基础。     

网络空间地理学的理论基础与技术路径（英文）

Cyberspace is a new spatial realm of activities involving both humans and data, and it has become a cornerstone of the national security of every country. A scientific understanding of cyberspace is essential for analyzing cyberspace incidents, governing cyberspace and ensuring cybersecurity. Accordingly, cyberspace has become a new field of geographic research in the Information Age. Against the backdrop of fierce international competition over cyberspace, there has been an urgent need to strengthen research between the fields of geography and cybersecurity, leading to theoretical and methodological innovations that have created the sub-discipline of cyberspace geography. Cyberspace geography(CG) extends geographical research from real spaces to virtual spaces, and its theoretical basis is the evolution of the traditional geographic human-land relationship theory into a human-land-network relationship theory. CG research includes constructing mapping relationships between cyberspace and real space, redefining the traditional geographic concepts of distance and regions for cyberspace, creating a language, models and methodologies for visually representing cyberspace, drawing maps of cyberspace, and researching the principles governing the evolution of cyberspace structures and behaviors. The technical methods of CG include collecting and integrating data on elements of cyberspace, visually representing cyberspace and conducting cyberspace situational and behavioral intelligence awareness. Intelligence awareness covers cyberspace situational status assessments, network hotspot event dissemination and traceability analysis, and network event situational simulations and risk predictions. CG offers new perspectives on the scientific understanding of cyberspace, the development of disciplines such as geography and cybersecurity, and the creation of national cybersecurity prevention and control mechanisms as well as a community of common future in cyberspace.     

中国经济地理学研究进展（英文）

Economic geography in China's mainland has developed in a different way from that in many other countries. On the one hand, it has been increasingly active in participating in academic dialogues and knowledge development led by Anglophone countries; on the other hand, it takes practice-based and policy-oriented research, i.e. satisfying the demands from the Chinese government and society, as the linchpin of research. Since there has been a lot of literature reviewing the development of economic geography in the country before the new millennium, this paper will make a comprehensive analysis of the discipline in 2000–2015, based on a bibliometric survey and research projects done by Chinese economic geographers. The analysis indicates that(1) economic geography research in China's mainland is unevenly distributed but concentrated in several leading institutions;(2) traditional research fields like human-nature system, regional disparity, industrial location and transportation geography remain dominant while new topics such as globalization, multinational corporations and foreign direct investments, information and communication technology, producer services, climate change and carbon emission emerge as important research areas;(3) Chinese economic geography is featured by policy-oriented research funded by government agencies, having considerable impacts on regional policy making in China, both national and regional. To conclude, the paper argues that the development of economic geography in China's mainland needs to follow a dual track in the future, i.e. producing knowledge for the international academic community and undertaking policy-oriented research to enhance its role as a major consulting body for national, regional and local development.     

近年来中国旅游地理学研究进展与展望（英文）

Based on a large number of domestic literature reviews with related research abroad, academic standards and issues awareness have been intensified in domestic tourism geography, disciplinary consciousness and innovation enhancement. Hence, some valuable achievements have been made in the areas of tourism resources, tourism regional system, the spatial structure of tourism, tourism flow, ecotourism, tourism industry, tourism planning and tourism impacts, which strengthened the traditional advantages of research, expanded new areas of research and made research trends diverse. Meanwhile, with innovation of research methods, tourism geography in China is getting more and more internationally-oriented and reflecting Chinese characteristics. Research trends of China's tourism geography are prospected: 1) Catering to national strategic needs, persisting problem-oriented, strengthening the metatheoretical research, and building Chinese "localization" of theory of tourism geography and method system. 2) Introducing and assimilating foreign theories and research methods, while focusing on explaining new tourism phenomena and problems in the domestic socio-economic background. 3) Concerning about the new regional spatial processes of demographic process, social process, and spatial process in new tourism trend. 4) Exploring interactive process and mechanism of man-land relationship and new models to develop territorial space under the tourism impacts. 5) Exploring important research issues of tourism geography in global, national, regional and local scales, from the point of view of spatial differentiation, scale transformation, interaction of man and nature, creating tourism geography interpretation system based on "process-structure-mechanism" of China. 6) Building theoretical system actively, while strengthening application-oriented research, and focusing on tourism poverty alleviation, tourism and heritage protection, national parks' construction and other hot issues. Faced with econometrics research boom, we should return to rational thinking, using big data scientifically, while paying attention to the important role of qualitative evaluation in future research.     

新人新事——地理学思想的混合式教学法探索（英文）

It is necessary for undergraduates majoring in geography to learn the history of geographic thought. Although there are different cultural and educational backgrounds between China and the West, teaching methods such as text teaching, students' presentations and group learning are suitable for most of teachers and students even from different countries and regions. The blended method is helpful to popularize history of geographic thought and improve the level of teaching and learning. Owing to lack of the class on the history of geographic thought in countries like China, the authors try to explore a blended method for the first-year geography undergraduates and to assess the effects of this teaching based on some questionnaires. The students have different benefits and responses to this class. A special group consisting of one teacher and several undergraduates does the research and coauthors the paper through making questionnaire, interviewing and analyzing materials from 67 freshmen majoring in human geography and geography science(teacher-training) in China. For the undergraduates especially from the countries like China, it is well worth making the history of geographic thought become a necessary and interesting class.     

中国人口地理学的过去、现在和未来——进展、挑战与机遇（英文）

Population geography(Pop Geo), although a sub-discipline of human geography, should have been well developed in China in light of its national population size and unique demographic issues, regional socio-economic development, and biophysical differences. Yet it typically lags behind the development of its parent disciplines, especially demography and geography. Specifically, Pop Geo in Chinese higher education is still at a low level in terms of the three major aspects of disciplinary development: academic majors for higher education, academic conferences, and journals. The research content of Pop Geo in China has focused on the growth, composition, change, distribution, and carrying capacity of population at the meso-and macro-spatial scales. As the most populated country in the world, questions about how and why the population changes, where the population settles and migrates to, its maximum carrying capacity, and how to guide sound development of population matter to society and the economy, are always important topics in the Pop Geo studies in China. In contrast, some new population phenomena such as human space–time behaviors(commuting, remittances, and friends' interaction), popular in the scientific community abroad, are not fully investigated at the micro-level. Presently, Pop Geo in China may face both challenges and opportunities because of the adjustment of fertility policies and implementation of national new urbanization plans at the national level. It is this occasion that calls for a state-of-the-art review of the development of Pop Geo since the 1980 s, the turning point of an increasing number of Pop Geo studies in China. We aim to reveal the current status of PopGeo in China to the world, and shed light on its further study.     

中国特色新型城镇化理论内涵的认知与建构（英文）

Since the reform and opening up in China, rapid urbanization has boosted the development of economy and society, but it has also been confronted by tremendous challenges.Multidisciplinary research has focused on the issue of a national new type of urbanization planning, leading to a transformation of China's urbanization strategy. Further research,however, is needed to explore the theoretical basis for this new approach to urbanization.This paper summarizes the process of development of urbanization in China and describes its specific characteristics, including peri-urbanization, special national conditions, complicated factors, and governance system. China's urbanization makes a great contribution to urbanization on a world scale. Moreover, the literature on the subject demonstrates the significance of urbanization to the discipline of human and economic geography and the scientific connotations of new urbanization, which is people-oriented, harmonious, inclusive, and sustainable. Against a background of humanism, new urbanization represents a transformation from population urbanization to people-oriented urbanization. There are six crucial scientific issues involved: people-oriented urbanization and equalization of basic public services; urbanization with integrated and coordinated urban and rural development; urbanization in the context of resources and environmental carrying capacity and climate change; diverse regional modes;spatial effect and mechanism; and big data and technical innovation. The paper aims to illustrate the theoretical framework of China's new urbanization, providing references for both theoretical research and policy formulation.     

理论地理学的内涵认知

本文从理论地理学的科学地位出发,介绍了近代理论地理学发展过程中形成的一些主要观点和其所具备的特点,最后对理论地理学的基本内容进行了归纳。     

中国人文与经济地理学研究回顾与展望（英文）

The "High-Level Forum of the Development of China's Human Geography Under the Background of Change" was held in Beijing on January 22-23, 2016. More than 30 professors attended this forum. At this conference, they discussed the major progress made towards developing China's human geography, as well as the existing problems, limiting factors, opportunities, international collaborations, emerging directions, and prospects in the development of this discipline. In recent years human geography has boomed, generating many important opportunities for its development. Establishing an academic community for joint research on major research issues and collaborative innovation is a promising and important route to take. We should embrace both domestic and international characteristics, to promote China's human geography onto the world stage. Meanwhile, the cultivation of various scholarly talents is also of great value to enrich and advance the discipline.     

地理学视域中国人居环境研究回顾与进展（英文）

Increasing Chinese urbanization and industrialization has prompted greater attention to the study of human settlement and the human-land relationship in the fields of geography, architecture, and urban planning. We used bibliometric methods and statistical software to review 180 articles on human settlement in 16 Chinese geographical journals. We found that Chinese geographical human settlement research is characterized by the following:(1) Most research focuses on human settlement extension, valuation indicators, models for urban and rural settlements, theoretical exploration and the planning practices of single-factor, human settlement and complex, geographical livability in macro-scale, urban settlement differentiation and ideal patterns in medium scale, the comprehensive evaluation of settlement environment, and the planning of community units in micro-scale, community settlements; socio-cultural investigation and warnings about advancing human settlement.(2) No progress has been made in synthesizing and integrating method systems. PSR models and DPSIR models are used for targeting mechanisms, while the standard settlement evaluation system was composed of physical economic indicators by questionnaire surveys. On the other hand, spatial clustering based on GIS has been a frequent focus in recent years. Pioneering research on human settlement and theoretical systems within the context of China's urbanization and industrialization will provide guidance on the sustainability of Chinese cities and regions. The following five aspects require greater attention:(1) Natural suitability research on human settlement, and a survey of human settlement demands to reflect the range of different demands concerning ecologically suitable settlements in urban environments, the corresponding valuation indicators, systems, and evolution, and the impact of the residents' socio-economic attributes.(2) Spatial-temporal evaluation and sustainability research on urban and rural human settlement at various scales, focusing on evolution and spatial differen-tiation at various scales such as city clusters and comparisons between cities, within the cities and communities.(3) Development of theory and technology for human settlement evolution research, including detection technology and methods, data mining measures, and forecasting and emulation of regional and urban human settlement evolution processes, mechanisms and patterns.(4) Research on the control of human settlement that focuses on optimization, patterns, and policies for effective management and development.(5) Estimating the human settlement system service value and establishing suitable human settlement systems, including social, economic, cultural and ecological service values.     

工业企业融资成本的地理学视角（英文）

As information technology has been applied more broadly and transportation infrastructure has improved, persistent debate has existed as to the question of whether geographic distance influences enterprise financing costs(EFCs). Through mining big data regarding industrial enterprises and commercial bank branches(CBBs) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, this paper conducts quantitative analysis of correlation between the EFCs and their distance to CBBs as well as the number of CBBs within a 1–5 km radius, and investigates how geographic factors affect EFCs. The results indicate the following:(1) In overall terms, the shorter the distance to CBBs and the greater the number of CBBs within a 1–5 km radius, the lower the EFCs.(2) Distance to CBBs and number of CBBs within a 1–5 km radius significantly influence state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises, with the effect on non-state-owned enterprises being more pronounced.(3) The EFCs in Beijing and Tianjin are not correlated with distance to CBBs, and negatively correlated to the number of CBBs within a 1–5 km radius; the EFCs in Hebei Province are positively correlated with distance to CBBs, and negatively correlated with the number of CBBs within a 1–5 km radius.(4) Distance to CBBs has a more significant impact on enterprises engaged in heavy industry and labor-intensive industries, while there is not much difference between different industries in terms of how the number of CBBs within a 1–5 km radius affects them.     

中国自然地理学综合研究的回顾与展望（英文）

Modern physical geography in China grew from Chinese traditional geography and has been profoundly influenced by the geographical disciplines of Euro-America and Russia. Since the 1950 s, integrated studies of physical geography in China have made remarkable progress in the fields of comprehensive physical geographical regionalization, land studies, landscape ecology, and land surface geographical processes. During the past few decades, under the background of global change and rapid socio-economic transformation, a series of environmental and resources problems have boomed in China. To solve these problems and promote the development of integrated studies of physical geography, the following issues were proposed as research priorities:(1) coupling of land surface patterns and processes;(2) integrated research on regional responses and adaptation to global change;(3) analysis of human dimensions of the earth system;(4) ecosystem service research from a geographical perspective;(5) integration of multi-source data and model development;(6) integrated studies on unique geographical units; and(7) important global issues and relevant international programs.     

第十三届中日韩地理学研讨会报道（英文）

正On October 19-22, 2018, the 13th China-Japan-Korea Joint Conference on Geography was held at Southwest University, Chongqing, China. The conference was sponsored by the Geographical Society of China and Southwest University, co-sponsored by Association of Japanese Geographers and Korean Geographical Society. It was hosted by the School of Geographical Sciences,     

生态承载力研究进展:内涵、评估方法与热点领域（英文）

近年来,全球城镇化的迅猛发展和经济的快速增长,导致土地退化等生态环境日益严重,促使人们意识到生态环境保护和生态文明建设对可持续发展的基础性作用。生态承载力成为了评估可持续发展的重要方法与研究生态环境问题的重要工具。本文在梳理相关文献的基础上,总结和概括了生态承载力的内涵、主要评估方法以及热点研究领域,分析了生态承载力研究的不足,展望了生态承载力研究的发展趋势。在内涵上,主要从环境变化、人类对于生态系统影响和生态系统整体承载三个视角对生态承载力内涵进行了梳理;在主要评估方法上,按内涵界定的三个视角对生态足迹法、基于生态系统服务的方法、净初级生产力法、状态空间法、能值生态足迹法、系统动力学方法、耦合模型进行了分类,对比分析了不同评估方法的优劣及适用条件;生态承载力的研究领域随着研究地深入逐渐渗透到土地、流域、生态脆弱区、旅游和城市综合系统等领域之中。目前,生态承载力的研究还存在着缺乏适用于较大尺度的指标阈值的厘定标准、动态监测及预警研究不够深入、科技条件等驱动因素考虑不全面等不足。未来,大尺度跨境区域及生态脆弱区的生态承载力评估、生态预警平台的构建以及生态承载力与区域主导性产业的一致性评估等方面可能成生态承载力研究的新发展方向。     

中国乡村重构——理论、方法和研究展望（英文）

Rural restructuring is a process of reshaping socio-economic morphology and spatial pattern in rural territory in response to the changes of elements both in kernel system and external system of rural development,by optimally allocating and efficiently managing the material and non-material elements in the two systems.It aims at ultimately optimizing the structure and promoting the function within rural territorial system as well as realizing the coordination of structure and complementation of function between urban and rural territorial system.This paper establishes a theoretical framework of rural restructuring through elaborating the concept and connotations as well as analyzing the mechanism pushing forward rural restructuring based on the evolution of"elements-structure-function",and probes the approaches from the three aspects of spatial restructuring,economic restructuring and social restructuring.Besides,the authors argue that the study of rural restructuring in China in the future needs to focus on the aspects of long-term and multi-scale process and pattern,mechanism,regional models,rural planning technology system and standard,policy and institutional innovations concerning rural restructuring as well as the impacts of globalization on rural restructuring,in order to serve the current national strategic demands and cope with the changes of rural development elements in the process of urban-rural development transformation.     

中国古地图遗产与文化价值（英文）

Ancient Chinese cartography dates back to the Western Jin Dynasty in the third century. Cartography was initiated during this period by Pei Xiu, a minister and cartographic expert, who suggested six principles of cartography. Pei Xiu, who is known as the father of Chinese cartography, oversaw the completion of the "Yu Gong Regional Maps", along with 18 articles and the "Terrain Fangzhang Map"(AD 224–271). This led to a number of subsequent cartographic initiatives including the "Wooden Fangzhang Map"(an administrative map) which was completed by Xie Zhuang, a minister during the Southern Dynasties(AD 502–557), "Haineihuayi Tu"(Map of China and its neighbouring countries)(AD 730–805), drawn by Jia Dan, a cartographer of the Tang Dynasty, and "Shouling Tu"(an administrative map, AD 1031–1095), drawn by Shen Kuo, a scientist during the Northern Song Dynasty. Throughout the 16 th century, ancient Chinese cartography developed continuously and cumulatively, and formed the specific characteristics of China ancient cartography. Although Western latitude-based and longitude-based mapping techniques introduced to China in AD 1460, the theories and methods of Chinese and Western mapping systems co-existed for over 400 years. The cultural heritage of Chinese cartography can be seen in many famous ancient Chinese maps, including astronomical figures and atlases(world, Chinese, regional, military, water conservancy, historical, and educational maps), charts, and maps of scenic spots. These have hitherto been kept in well-known archives and institutions across the world. They form an important part of the global cultural heritage of ancient maps and cartography. Given their high cultural value, these maps remain an important point of study. This paper provides a preliminary discussion on the rarity, application, and the historical, scientific, and artistic value of ancient Chinese maps.     

应用地理学（续）

四、与地理学其他分支的关系应用地理学只是理论地理学的扩展。没有其他的地理学,也就不会有应用地理学。应用地理学需要地理学家所用的资料,需要地理学家所发展起来的技术和所进行的研究,需要其他地理学提供理论基础,也还需要大学地理课程所提供的训练。同样重要的是还需要发展成为一个出色的地理学家所需要的技能(见表3)。     

谈谈现代地理学中的数量方法与理论模式（下）

文章在对国内外有关学者的研究成果综述的基础上，对现代地理学中的数量方法与理论模式－它的形成、发展、评价及应用等问题作了探索，供地理学界讨论。     

谈谈现代地理学中的数量方法与理论模式（上）

文章在对国内外有关学者的研究成果综述的基础上，对现代地理学中的数量方法与理论模式－它的形成、发展、评价及应用等问题作了探索，供地理学界讨论。