General Entropy Model of Line Segments Uncerta,nty in GIS

Spatial data uncertainty can directly affect the quality of digital products and GIS-based decision making. On the basis of the characteristics of randomicity of positional data and fuzziness of attribute data, taking entropy as a measure, the stochastic entropy model of positional data uncertainty and fuzzy entropy model of attribute data uncertainty are proposed. As both randomicity and fuzziness usually simultaneously exist in linear segments, their omnibus effects are also investigated and quantified. A novel uncertainty measure, general entropy, is presented. The general entropy can be used as a uniform measure to quantify the total uncertainty caused by stochastic uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty in GIS.     

Theory and Methods of the Earth＇s Gravity Field Model Recovery from GOCE Data

研究GOCE卫星测量恢复地球重力场模型的理论与方法。论文的主要工作和创新点有： （1）建立扰动重力梯度张量各分量没有奇异性的详细计算模型,解决重力梯度张量Txx分量在两极地区计算的奇异性难题。     

Relationship of Uncertainty and Line Segment for Between Polygon Segment Spatial Data in GIS

The mathematic theory for uncertainty model of line segment are summed up to achieve a general conception, and the line error hand model of εσ is a basic uncertainty model that can depict the line accuracy and quality efficiently while the model of εm and error entropy can be regarded as the supplement of it. The error band model will reflect and describe the influence of line uncertainty on polygon uncertainty. Therefore, the statistical characteristic of the line error is studied deeply by analyzing the probability that the line error falls into a certain range. Moreover, the theory accordance is achieved in the selecting the error buffer for line feature and the error indicator. The relationship of the accuracy of area for a polygon with the error loop for a polygon boundary is deduced and computed.     

基于遥感和GIS的辅助规划模型—以珠江三角洲可持续土地开发为例

提出利用遥感和ＧＩＳ来获得合理的城市发展布局和减少浪费土地资源的新方法。该模型是根据环境经济学资源分配原理和可持续发展理论,通过遥感和ＧＩＳ的综合来实现。模型的核心就是保证在时间和空间上合理地安排土地资源。由此评价了珠江三角洲东莞市近年来的土地开发,获得了有意义的结果。并通过模型的运算,给出了规划期内的土地利用的优化方案,以减少浪费土地资源的现象。     

A COM-based Framework for Management, Analysis and Visualization of Large Scope Digital Elevation Models

This paper presents a component object model (COM) based framework for managing, analyzing and visualizing massive multi-scale digital elevation models (DEMs). The framework consists of a data manage-ment component (DMC), which is based on RDBMS/ORDBMS, a data a-nalysis component (DAC) and a data render component (DRC). DMC can manage massive multi-scale data ex-pressed at various reference frames within a pyramid database and can support fast access to data at variable resolution. DAC integrates many use-ful applied analytic functions whose re-sults can be overlaid with the 3D scene rendered by DRC. DRC provides view-dependent data paging with the sup-port of the underlying DMC and or-ganizes the potential visible data at dif-ferent levels into rendering.     

Groundwater Potential Zoning in Thirumanimuttar Sub-Basin Tamilnadu, India—A GIS and Remote Sensing Approach

The main objective of the study is to identify groundwater potential zones in Thirumanimuttar basin with an integrated approach using Remote Sensing and geographical information system(GIS).FCC Image of Landsat TM 30 m resolution data and topographic maps has been used to generate thematic maps like geology,geomorphology,lineament and lineament density,drain-age,drainage density,and slope map of the study area.A number of geomorphic units such as Denudational hills,structural hills,Bajadas,Colluvial plain,Pediplain,Deep Pediment and Alluvial plains have been observed.A composite groundwater potential map has been generated as very high,high,medium,low and very low based on the groundwater availability area.The upper,mid-dle and downstream of the basins have been identified as potential zones for groundwater exploration.The regions of lineaments and intersecting lineaments proved for groundwater potential zones.The data generated was validated with field checks and ob-served to be in conformity with the same.     

Rule‐based Integration of Remotely‐sensed Data and GIS for Land Cover Mapping in NE Costa Rica

Abstract

A classification method was developed for mapping land cover in NE Costa Rica at a regional scale for spatial input to a biogeochemical model (CENTURY). To distinguish heterogeneous cover types, unsupervised classifications of Landsat Thematic Mapper data were combined with ancillary and derived data in an iterative process. Spectral classes corresponding to ground control types were segregated into a storage raster while ambiguous pixels were passed through a set of rules to the next stage of processing. Feature sets were used at each step to help sort spectral classes into land cover classes. The process enabled different feature sets to be used for different types while recognizing that spectral classification alone was not sufficient for separating cover types that were defined by heterogeneity. Spectral data included the TM reflective bands, principal components and the NDVI. Ancillary data included GIS coverages of swamp extents, banana plantation boundaries and river courses. Derived data included neighborhood variety and majority measures that captured texture. The final map depicts 18 land cover types and captures the general patterns found in the region. Some confusion still exists between closely related types such as pasture with different amounts of tree cover.     

Global GIS及其关键技术

Global GIS(全球性地理信息系统, GGIS)的研究近年来变得日益重要,基于对目前研究现状所做的分析和评述,指出了构建基于统一三维地心参考系并以地球椭球体模型为依托的多层次格网框架是GGIS研究的基础,并且在全球性多源多尺度空间数据集成、三维椭球面空间数据表达以及多层次格网编码与索引技术等方面均存在着一系列理论与技术问题有待解决,分析了这些问题的难点所在,并给出了一些参考性的解决方案.     

Selection of suitable sites for water harvesting structures in Soankhad watershed,Punjab using remote sensing and geographical information system (RS&;GIS) approach— A case study

A case study has been conducted to identify suitable sites for water harvesting structures in Soankhad watershed, Punjab using information technologies such as Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (RS-GIS). The IRS-1C, P6 satellite imagery of the Soankhad watershed was used. The various Thematic maps such as land use map, hydrological soil group map, slope map and DEM map were prepared for selecting suitable site for construction of water harvesting structures. The suitable sites were not found for nala bunding and farm ponds due to steep slope, less soil thickness and high runoff velocity. Fourteen check dams and six percolation tanks were proposed for the construction as per Integrated Mission for Sustainable Development (IMSD) guidelines. The water balance study of the Soankhad watershed was also computed with monthly mean temperature and rainfall data using TM model. The average runoff for the wet season (July–September) 1996 was computed to be about 1543.82 mm and the total runoff volume from the Soankhad watershed was estimated to be about 143.52 Mm³.     

Development of a GIS data model with spatial, temporal and attribute components based on object-oriented approach

1 lntroductionA Mraphical object normal1y poSSeSSes threecomPOnents: spatiaI, temporal and attribute asPeCts.The first comPOnent describes the spatial extent ofan object, such as the boundary of a Iand parcel.The second describes timesrelated information, fOrinstance, the beginning and end time of a land Par-cel. The third describes the attribute characteristicsof obects, fOr example, the type of land cover.These three comPOnents constitute a complete im-age of an object.In most of the…     

Development of a GIS data model with spatial,temporal and attribute components based on object-oriented approach

This paper presents a conceptual data model, the STA-model, for handling spatial, temporal and attribute aspects of objects in GIS. The model is developed on the basis of object-oriented modeling approach. This model includes two major parts: (a) modeling the signal objects by STA-object elements, and (b) modeling relationships between STA-objects. As an example, the STA-model is applied for modeling land cover change data with spatial, temporal and attribute components.     

一种基于RDBMS的面向对象空间数据模型

本文利用面向对象的抽象、继承和多态等理论和方法,将数据库中的视图、关联、表、角色等概念引入到面向对象的空间数据模型中,提出了一种面向应用、面向主题的基于对象关系数据库的空间数据模型。实践证明:该模型吸收了对象关系数据库高效、安全和协同合作等优势,提高了空间数据使用的灵活性。     

GIS应用数据库设计二阶分析模式

提出了数据库设计二阶分析模式,将二者分别应用于空间数据建模和数据库结构设计中,并以国土资源与房地产管理综合管理系统数据库设计中房地关联部分为例对二阶分析模式的应用进行了说明,对模式的可行性进行了论证。     

DATABASE STRUCTURE FOR THE INTEGRATION OF RS WITH GIS BASED ON SEMANTIC NETWORK

1　ＴｈｅｃｏｎｃｅｐｔｏｆｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＲＳｗｉｔｈＧＩＳＴｈｅｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｒｅｍｏｔｅｓｅｎｓｉｎｇ (ＲＳ)ｗｉｔｈｇｅｏ ｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ (ＧＩＳ)ｉｓａｈｏｔｓｐｏｔｉｎｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ .ＴｈｅｃｏｎｃｅｐｔｏｆｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＲＳｗｉｔｈＧＩＳ ,ｉｎｔｈｅｖｉｅｗｏｆＰｒｏｆ.ＬｉＤｅｒｅｎ ,ｉｓｔｈａｔＲＳｉｓｔｈｅｗａｙｔｏｏｂｔａｉｎｔｈｅｉｎｆｏｒｍａ ｔｉ…     

互联网地理信息系统的分布式超地图模型

介绍了超地图的概念,提出了互联网地理信息系统的分布式超地图模型,并详细阐述了其定义,然后阐明超地图关系和操作。最后,结合Internet GIS-GeoSurf V3.0介绍了此模型的设计与实现。     

基于3D GIS的城市空间规划分析方法研究

分析了福州三山视线控制线规划,采用了基础空间数据和ArcGIS 9.0平台,实现了快速建立数字高程模型与建筑物三维框架模型.     

基于空间行为的面向对象空间数据模型

本文根据面向对象空间数据模型的相关概念和特点,将地理空间中的空间行为进行建模后纳入面向对象空间数据模型的框架中。面向对象空间数据模型由数据模型和空间行为模型两个部分组成:数据模型包括空间特征数据和属性特征数据;同时将空间行为模型分为两大类,即静态空间行为模型(地理目标间关系)和动态行为模型(地理目标行为)两部分。在此框架提出的基础上,本文利用二进制、XML流等格式文件对该空间数据模型进行了整合和组织。     

室内GIS的研究现状与前景

以室内空间GIS的研究需求为背景,通过与GIS的比较,阐明了室内GIS的核心构成和技术基础,着重论述了空间数据库构建和空间数据模型改善的研究进展,并在此基础上提出了对其发展的期望。     

Internet GIS上矢量型空间数据传送的最优化策略

作为在Internet上处理大空量空间地理信息的基于客户端的Internet地理信息系统（client-side Internet GIS)，解决矢量型空间数据传送的低效率性是很重要的，该文为此提出一个新的有效方法，首先，将大型矢量地图根据适当的“分裂度”分割成若干部分，每一部分称作一个“炔”（Tile)，当用户在客户端请求地图的某一区域时，GIS服务器中传递和请求区域相关叠的“块”内的空间数据，并且将该数据存在用户的本地机上，以便使用。为此，该文提出一个“地图块分割”方法，地图块查询处理”算法以及“客户服务器间空间数据的效率化传送”策略，和既存传送方法比较，利用该方法构造的Internet GIS,系统的整体效率得到了提高。