缅甸克钦邦-掸邦地区成矿与找矿

特殊的大地构造位置，以及板块运动，变质作用，使克钦邦-掸邦地区成为缅甸北部极具特色的成矿区。矿产资源丰富，尤其是锡，钨，钽，铌，锂，铀，钼，饿，汞，锑，金及宝玉石等矿产在南亚地区占有重要地位，本文划分克钦邦-掸邦地区为四个成矿区，分别介绍各地区地质及成矿特征，并指出其找矿远景。     

镇沅—墨江金多金属矿勘查区成矿规律分析

勘查区呈规模巨大的造山带和断块形式展布,区内有老王寨超大型金矿、墨江金厂金矿、双沟金矿等,哀牢山断裂与九甲—墨江断裂间的脆—韧性剪切带控制金矿床分布。     

“勉略宁”区金矿分带研究

勉略宁区（即略阳-勉县-宁强地区）金矿分布在北、中、南三带：北带钍铁-金-镍（钴）带;中带金-多金属矿带;南带金-铜与砂金-砂铂矿带.垂直分带：上部铁锰矿与铀矿带,分布在沉积岩和火山沉积岩中;中部铅锌-金矿带,下部金-铜矿带,分布在火山岩和火山碎屑岩中."勉略宁"区对金成矿有利,找矿前景乐观.     

南秦岭香沟—夏家店金成矿带中重晶石的矿物学特征及其找矿意义

陕西山阳县香沟—夏家店金成矿带,是南秦岭地区重要的金多金属成矿带,产出有王家坪金矿、龙头沟金矿、香沟金-钨矿、夏家店金矿等矿床;在金矿的勘查和研究中均发现Ba元素异常或重晶石化是重要的找矿标志之一。本文通过矿床地质资料对比分析,结合龙头沟金矿、香沟金矿和桐树沟金矿重晶石的电子探针测试研究,发现重晶石中具有一定的金、银矿化特征,尤其是桐树沟金矿区内重晶石中显示一定的金异常(w(Au)=0.03%),同时具有Sb、Cu、Mo、Bi元素异常,与矿区金异常化探元素组合特征一致,有同期矿化的特点。重晶石化或Ba元素化探异常与金化探异常叠加部位均已发现金矿体(金矿床)。结合研究区区域磁异常带是构造岩浆活动带的认识,认为重晶石是深部成矿热液反复活动的指征;在山阳县桐树沟金矿—磨房沟金矿一带和商南县青石沟、过凤楼地区还具有发现金矿床的潜力。     

青田-仙居地区金银矿化特征及找矿远景分析

浙江青田-仙居地区位于华南褶皱系浙东南褶皱带之温州-临海拗陷内.金银矿化的直接围岩是上侏罗统西山头组晶屑、玻屑熔结凝灰岩.主控矿构造为火山机构及有关的断裂构造.多期次的火山活动、岩浆侵入活动为金银成矿提供热源、热液及成矿物质来源.该区与龙泉遂昌金银成矿带同处于地幔陡变带内,深部构造特征相同或相似.区内构造活动、火山喷发及岩浆侵入频繁而强烈,伴随的多期次热液活动明显.基底岩系为含金变质岩系(陈蔡群、龙泉群),盖层岩系是由基底含金变质岩系重熔或部分同熔形成的中生代火山喷发-沉积岩系.在基底岩系演化过程中,金银等成矿物质发生了活化、迁移、富集或再分配作用,部分在构造有利部位富集成矿,部分则以自然态、游离吸附态赋存在凝灰质岩石中,经多期次热液作用再次被活化、迁移,最终在成矿有利部位沉淀富集成矿.因此,青田-仙居地区具备较好的金银成矿条件,是金银矿找矿的良好远景区.     

若尔盖-九寨沟裂谷构造与金成矿

若尔盖-九寨沟地区产有30余处金矿床(点),另有铜、锑、铁等金属矿产;金矿石分石英脉型和微细浸染型,成因类型可分为构造热液型和构造岩浆热液接触交代型.金成矿与裂谷的演化息息相关,金矿主赋于裂谷强烈期的三叠系地层中,分布受裂谷带控制,金矿化具明显的岩性-岩相选择并与一定的围岩蚀变相伴产出.     

西秦岭寒武系层控金矿床中成矿元素富集规律

产于西秦岭南亚带寒武系硅岩建造中的金矿床, 是我国境内发现的一种与海底喷流作用有关的、具有独特地质特征的层控金矿床。成矿元素富集规律研究表明, 矿床中富集的元素种类十分丰富, 不仅含有具基性、超基性特征的元素群, 而且含有具酸性特征的元素群, 元素组合相当复杂。除Ａｕ 外, Ｃｕ、Ｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｂ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ等在局部地段亦可圈出独立的矿体。尤为重要的是, 矿床中铂族元素（ＰＧＥ）、分散元素（Ｓｅ、Ｉｎ） 的富集程度达到了综合利用的程度, 从而构成特殊的Ａｕ－Ｃｕ－Ｕ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｅ－ＰＧＥ建造矿床。     

Geochemical Studies on Au Distribution and Mineralization in the Northwest Jiangxi Terrain

The Middle Proterozoic Jiuling Group,one of the most important geologic unit in the Northwest Jiangxi Terrain,is a kind of Au-bearing formation with a Au-Ag-As association,and its geotectonic setting belongs to the ACM area.Granitification can supply Au with favorable complexing agents.Later granitification os of much more significance in mineralization.Regional Aumineralization includes two types;metamorphic hydrothermal solo-Au mineralization in the northern part and magma gydrothermal superimposed polymetallic mineralization with Au,Ag,etc,being dominant in the southern part.Regional exploration should center aroud the Jiujing Group,small granite bodies of later periods and fault structures,while paying attention to the anomalies of trace elements such as Au,Ag,As,Pb,Zn,etc.     

Biota and Organic Matter in the Late Sinian and EarlyCambrian Black Rock Series of West Hunan andIts Significance for Metallization

A great amount of black rock series has been found in the Upper Sinian Members 2 and 4 of the Jinjiadong Formation, middle-upper Liuchapo Formation and the Lower Cambrian Xiaoyanxi Formation in West Hunan, which is associated with periodic sea-level changes. By the studies of relationships between the distribution and development of the biota and the abundance of Au, Ag, U, V, Ni, Mo and Cu in the Upper Sinian and Early Cambrian black rock series in Cili, Dayong, Yuanling, Xupu and Qianyang of West Hunan, central China, it has been revealed that the enrichment of Ag, V, and Mo is related with the development of multi-cell plants and vendotaenides, and that of Cu and Ni is related to flourishing of bacteria and shelly fossils. The black rock series in the study area contains abundant organic matter, among which the siliceous shale contains the highest TOC, amounting to 4.51-13.4%. All the values of the equivalent vitrinite reflectance (medium values) determinated with the IR-spectroscopic method in the a     

铀成矿作用、核废物地球化学处置与吸附作用的关系

在不同类型的工业铀矿床的矿石中,吸附状态的铀占了很大的比重,铁钛氢氧化物、硅胶、粘土、有机质等是常见的主要吸附剂。本文利用朗缪尔等温式、弗仑德里奇等温式、D-R等温式,讨论了粘土矿物(主要是高岭土、蒙脱石)对溶液中铀的吸附作用,对吸附作用在铀成矿作用、核废物处置中的意义作了详细的讨论,认为吸附作用是一种重要的成矿作用。     

西南大面积低温成矿域：研究意义、历史及新进展

我国西南大面积低温成矿域是目前世界上公认的2个大面积低温成矿域之一,其面积之大（约100万km^2）、包含的矿种之多（Au、Hg、sb、As、P、Pb—Zn、Ag以及萤石、冰洲石、水晶、分散元素等）、矿床组成和组合之复杂全球罕见,是我国重要的Au、Hg、sb、As、Pb—zn、Ag以及多种分散元素生产基地。国内外学者对该成矿域进行了近30年的研究工作,取得了大量高水平研究成果,同时也存在许多有待深人研究的科学问题。本文回顾了我国西南大面积低温成矿域的研究历史,总结了各研究阶段的主要研究内容、主要研究成果和存在的主要科学问题,同时介绍了近年来我国西南大面积低温成矿域研究新进展。     

北衙金矿成矿地质条件浅析

北衙金矿与构造、岩浆活动、沉积建造、围岩蚀变等关系密切。构造具多期次活动特点，近NS向断裂控制主矿体展布。岩浆活动具多个喷发旋回。金矿体赋存于褐铁矿体(层)中，产出空间和时间上与正长斑岩有密切的成生关系。磁异常值较高地段，预示着有褐铁矿体(层)存在。化探异常的浓集区，均指示金矿的存在。     

Petrogenesis and timing of emplacement of porphyritic monzonite,dolerite, and basalt associated with the Kuoerzhenkuola Au deposit,Western Junggar,NW China: implications for early Carboniferous tectonic setting and Cu–Au mineralization prospectivity

ABSTRACT

The Kuoerzhenkuola epithermal Au deposit is located in the northern part of the West Junggar region of NW China and is underlain by a recently discovered porphyritic monzonite intrusion that contains Cu–Au mineralization. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating of this intrusion yielded an age of 350 ± 4.7 Ma. The porphyritic monzonite is calc-alkaline and is characterized by high concentrations of Sr (583–892 ppm), significant depletions in the heavy rare earth elements (HREE; e.g. Yb = 0.96–2.57 ppm) and Y (10.4–23.3 ppm), and primitive mantle-normalized multi-element variation diagram patterns with positive Sr and Ba and negative Nb and Ti anomalies, all of which indicate that this intrusion is compositionally similar to adakites elsewhere. The composition of the porphyritic monzonite is indicative of the derivation from magmas generated by the melting of young subducted slab material. The area also contains Nb-enriched basalts that are enriched in sodium (Na₂O/K₂O = 1.20–3.90) and have higher Nb, Zr, TiO₂, and P₂O₅ concentrations and Nb/La and Nb/U ratios than typical arc basalts. The juxtaposition of adakitic rocks, Nb-enriched basalts, and dolerites in this region suggests that the oceanic crust of the expansive oceans within the West Junggar underwent early Carboniferous subduction. Magnetite is widespread throughout the Kuoerzhenkuola Au deposit, as evidenced by the volcanic breccias cemented by late hydrothermal magnetite and pyrite. In addition, the zoned potassic, quartz-sericite alteration, and propylitic and kaolin alteration in the deeper parts of the porphyritic monzonite are similar to those found in porphyry Cu–Au deposits. These findings, coupled with the mineralogy and geochemistry of the alteration associated with the Kuoerzhenkuola Au deposit, suggest that the mineralization in this area is not purely epithermal, with the geology and geochemistry of the porphyritic monzonite in this area suggesting that a porphyry Cu–Au deposit is probably located beneath the Kuoerzhenkuola Au deposit.     

Geochemical controls on the formation of unconformity-type Au–U deposits (Northern Transbaikalia)

This study provides geochemical, mineralogical, and isotope data for rocks and ores from Lower Proterozoic black shale formations of the Kodar–Udokan structural and formational zone, which host the Khadatkanda gold—uranium deposit. The results indicate that the uranium and gold mineralizations were formed at different times in relation to different geodynamic settings. The gold mineralization is associated with the inception of the Syulban fault and has a juvenile source. The later Th–U mineralization originated during tectonic rejuvenation of the Syulban fault zone, while the sources of radioactive elements were presumably the underlying sediments of the Kodar Group, which are widespread throughout the area of the Baikal mountain region (BMR). Based on the above results, the Au–U mineralization in the study area can be recognized as unconformity-type deposits, analogous to the well-known deposits of Australia and Canada. In this connection, the Baikal mountain region has a good potential for the discovery of Au—U deposits.     

个旧卡房矿田锡-铜矿床伴生金（银）矿赋存状态及其富集规律

云南个旧锡多金属矿区卡房矿田伴生金矿主要赋存于中三叠统个旧组卡房段地层的中上部,矿化受花岗岩侵入的热液活动、变玄武岩及NE向和EW向褶皱、断裂构造控制。伴生金矿床可分为含金（银）多金属矽卡岩硫化锡铜矿床及含金脉（层）状锡铅矿床。金主要呈银金矿、自然金等独立矿物出现,主要载金矿物有自然铋、毒砂、辉钼矿等,其中以自然铋含金量最高。金矿化在变玄武岩底界之下6～20m处矿化最强,最富集。     

云南墨江猫鼻梁子金矿床金元素的物质来源探讨

云南墨江金矿是一个大型金矿床,猫鼻梁子是其主要赋矿地段。金矿体分布于超基性岩体的围岩中。矿区各类岩浆岩中,超基性岩的含金量最高。文章应用XRD分析、扫描电镜、回归分析、线性相关分析等方法,发现了Au与Pt、Pb共生,并呈正消长关系;Au、Ag、Se的赋存关系十分密切,认为金的主要物质来源是超基性岩体。     

Geodynamic background for large-scale mineralization in the southern environs of the Siberian Craton in the Proterozoic

The geodynamic position of the productive Kevaktinskii and Dal’netaiginskii stratigraphic units with Au–U mineralization is considered within the Baikal–Patom highland. The Au–U specialization of rocks of the Kevaktinskaya Group results from its formation in the environments of the passive continental margin with introduction of the juvenile material related to riftogenesis and further collision, whereas the same specialization of the Dal’netaiginskaya Group is explained by exhalation activity in the back-arc spreading zone. The formation of most of the Au and U large-scale deposits within the southern environs of the Siberian Craton was controlled by Paleozoic oogenesis upon closure of the Paleoasian Ocean.     

深穿透地球化学新进展

叙述了深穿透地球化学近年来在方法技术与理论上的新进展。列举了在国际合作项目“Deep penetratingGeochemistry”中使用中国发展的新分析技术与国外一些方法在两个隐伏矿区比较的结果。在内华达Mike隐伏金矿上方使用中国的有机结合态提取方法 (OBM )效果最好 ;Mike隐伏铜矿上方使用中国的铁锰氧化物包裹及吸附态提取方法 (FMM )效果最好。在智利GabySur隐伏斑岩铜矿上方 ,应用国外Actlabs的水提取及酶提取方法仅在隐伏矿两侧断层上方地表圈出Cu和Ag异常峰值 ,而应用中国的水提取 (WEM )及吸附态提取 (AEM)方法则在整个隐伏矿床上方地表都圈出明显的Cu及Ag异常。两者明显差异的原因正在进一步研究中。在中国“973”及地质大调查项目中例举了在新疆东天山采集弱胶结层细粒物质进行战略性深穿透填图取得的成果 ,发现多处可找到Au ,U ,Cu ,W ,Pt,Pd隐伏矿床的远景区 ,特别是两个可能发现大型隐伏铀矿的靶区 ,为在该地区找寻可地浸砂岩型铀矿提供了重要线索。在理论研究方面报道了国际项目中提出的地震泵、大气压泵、冬季呼气、CO2 发生器等驱动活动态金属向上迁移的理论将之与中国近年提出的地球气搬运活动态金属的理论相结合 ,提出了一个新的以地球气为主的活动态元素向上迁移的多营力接力搬运模型。     

Geochemical Stream Sediment Survey in the Wadi Umm Rilan Area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt: A New Occurrence for Gold Mineralization

The present paper investigates the stream sediment geochemistry, behavior of gold and associated elements, delineates Au-anomalous sites and defines related sources in the Wadi Umm Rilan area. Fifty three major and trace elements were analyzed using ICP-MS and treated applying various statistical and mapping techniques. The results showed a significant difference of mean and median Au and most chemical elements in the three portions of the area, and higher values were recorded in the western portion. Furthermore, Au-anomalous sites appeared in upper and lower parts of the Wadi Umm Rilan, along the tributaries of metavolcanic unit and near granitoid contacts. This indicates the main source of Au mineralization is related to emplacement of granitoid plutons and accompanying hydrothermal solutions. There are significant indications for the presence of more than one mineralization event forming a probable single major episode of mineralization in the area, involving Au, Pb and U mineralizations. Geology, geomorphologic aspects and weathering processes could control stream sediment geochemistry, anomalies of Au and associated elements, elemental association and their dispersion patterns. Therefore, the area is fruitful and regarded as a promising target for Au exploration, using Ag, As, Sb, Cd, Cs, and Tl as pathfinder elements.