中国“四纵四横”高铁网络可达性综合评估与对比

doi:10.11821/dlxb201604005

PDF(2464 KB)

地理学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (4) : 591-604. DOI: 10.11821/dlxb201604005

姜博¹, 初楠臣¹, 修春亮², 赵映慧¹, 李晓庆¹, 罗冲¹

作者信息 +

Comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of accessibility in the four vertical and four horizontal HSR networks in China

JIANG Bo¹, CHU Nanchen¹, XIU Chunliang², ZHAO Yinghui¹, LI Xiaoqing¹, LUO Chong¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

传统测算可达性的方法较为单一，缺乏多层面、多角度的综合研究和对比分析。基于时间、经济与重心视角利用可达性模型并结合ArcGIS 空间分析手段探究高铁通车前后沿线城市可达性的动态变化；利用综合变异系数、层级分析法和改进的哈夫模型分析高铁可达性空间演变特征及规律，构建高铁可达性评价体系并结合熵权法定量评估各高铁可达综合实力。研究表明：京广、京沪可达综合实力最强，沪昆、杭福深次之，沪汉蓉、哈大、青太再次之，郑西、兰新可达实力最弱；全国高铁可达性强弱变化呈明显地带性规律，东、中部高铁可达性强于东北，东北强于西部，纵向高铁强于横向；经济潜力的增加率明显高于加权平均旅行时间的减少率，可达性重心偏移驱使不同等时圈蔓延交叠；高铁以“核心—核心”逐步向“核心—网络”空间链接模式过渡，产生上海、北京、广州、深圳4 个高铁“国家服务中心”，天津、武汉、重庆等6 个“大区域服务中心”，形成“多中心”高铁服务格局以及日益庞大而复杂的高铁特质空间集群；高铁网络影响下的中国区域空间格局的渐变与重塑日趋复杂，“T”型轴带呈现出由空间极化向空间均衡转变，跨城流动性特征突显，加速空间对接与同城化进程。

Abstract

Some limitations exist in the traditional methods of measuring accessibility, such as lacking comprehensive and comparative analysis from various aspects. Therefore, in this study,the evaluation of accessibility is conducted with three indicators, i.e. weighted average me,economic potential, and accessibility gravity center. After the evaluation, dynamic changes of urban accessibility with and without high- speed rail (HSR) are analyzed by ArcGIS method.Then comprehensive variable coefficient, hierarchy analysis and improved Huff model are used to nalyze spatial evolution characteristics and regularity of cities and regions along the HSR. Finally, the comprehensive accessibility of various HSR lines (nine HSR lines are involved in this study) is evaluated with Entropy-weight method, based on the accessibility system which is nstructed with six indicators, i.e. Ai, Pi, Ci, D- Value, CV and Pij. Results show that the comprehensive accessibility of various HSR lines is ifferent, with the order of their comprehensive strength as follows: Beijing- Guangzhou > Beijing- Shanghai > Shanghai- Kunming > Hangzhou-Shenzhen > Shanghai-Chengdu > Harbin-Dalian > Qingdao-Taiyuan > Zhengzhou- Xi'an > Lanzhou- Urumqi. The accessibility shows a decreasing trend from the eastern and central regions via the northeastern region to the western region. The accessibility of vertical HSR lines is better than the horizontal HSR lines. The increasing rate of economic potential is significantly higher than the decreasing rate of weighted average travel time. The movement of accessibility gravity center results in the spreading and overlapping of different time circles. The HSR spatial linkage mode of "core- core" has gradually developed into the mode of "core- network". "Four national service centers", i.e. Shanghai, Beijing, uangzhou and Shenzhen, and "six large regional service centers", i.e. Tianjin, Wuhan, Chongqing,Nanjing, Hangzhou and Shenyang have emerged in the HSR network and "multi-center" HSR service patterns and increasingly complicated spatial clusters have been formed. Affected by the HSR network, the gradual change and remodeling of regional spatial pattern have become more and more complicated. Spatial pattern in the "T-shaped" axes presents an evolving trend of polarization to equilibrium and intercity flows accelerate the process of spatial integration.

导出引用

姜博, 初楠臣, 修春亮, 赵映慧, 李晓庆, 罗冲. 中国“四纵四横”高铁网络可达性综合评估与对比[J]. 地理学报, 2016, 71(4): 591-604 https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604005

JIANG Bo, CHU Nanchen, XIU Chunliang, ZHAO Yinghui, LI Xiaoqing, LUO Chong. Comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of accessibility in the four vertical and four horizontal HSR networks in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(4): 591-604 https://doi.org/10.11821/dlxb201604005

参考文献

[1] Geertman S C M, Ritsema Van Eck. GIS and models of accessibility potential: An application in planning. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 1995, 9(1): 67-80.
[2] Morris J M, Dumble P L, Wigan M R. Accessibility indicators for transport planning. Transportation Research Part A:General, 1979, 13(2): 91-109.
[3] Kwan M P, Murray A T, O'Kelly M E, et al. Recent advances in accessibility research: Representation, methodology and applications. Journal of Geographical Systems, 2003, 5(1): 129-138.
[4] Chen Jie, Lu Feng, Cheng Changxiu. Advance in accessibility evaluation approaches and applications. Progress in Geography, 2007, 26(5): 100-110. [陈洁, 陆锋, 程昌秀. 可达性度量方法及应用研究进展评述. 地理科学进展, 2007,26(5): 100-110.]
[5] Wang J E, Jin F J, Mo H H, et al. Spatiotemporal evolution of China's railway network in the 20th century: An accessibility approach. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2009, 43(8): 765-778.
[6] Meng Deyou, Fan Kuangsheng, Lu Yuqi, et al. Level and spatial pattern of interprovincial accessibility before and after train-speed upgrading. Progress in Geography, 2010, 29(6): 709-715. [孟德友, 范况生, 陆玉麒, 等. 铁路客运提速前后省际可达性及空间格局分析. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(6): 709-715.]
[7] Meng Deyou, Lu Yuqi. Analysis of inter- provincial accessibility and economic linkage spatial pattern based on the railway network. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(1): 107-122. [孟德友, 陆玉麒. 基于铁路客运网络的省际可达性及经济联系格局. 地理研究, 2012, 31(1): 107-122.]
[8] Meng Deyou, Lu Yuqi. Impact of high-speed railway on accessibility and economic linkage of cities along the railway in Henan province, China. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2011, 31(5): 537-543. [孟德友, 陆玉麒. 高速铁路对河南沿线城市可达性及经济联系的影响. 地理科学, 2011, 31(5): 537-543.]
[9] Zhang Bing, Jin Fengjun, Yu Liang. Research on the optimization of highway network in Hunan province and the evolution of spatial pattern in recent 20 years. Geographical Research, 2007, 26(4): 712-722. [张兵, 金凤君, 于良. 近20年来湖南公路网络优化与空间格局演变. 地理研究, 2007, 26(4): 712-722.]
[10] Luo Pengfei, Xu Yilun, Zhang Nannan. Study on the impacts of regional accessibility of high speed rail: A case study of Nanjing to Shanghai region. Economic Geography, 2004, 24(3): 407-411. [罗鹏飞, 徐逸伦, 张楠楠. 高速铁路对区域可达性的影响研究: 以沪宁地区为例. 经济地理, 2004, 24(3): 407-411.]
[11] Su Wenjun, Shi Haitao, Wang Xinjun. Effect research of Jing- Hu high- speed railway on the main cities along the railway in southwest of Shandong. Journal of Fudan University (Natural Science), 2009, 48(1): 111-116. [苏文俊, 施海涛, 王新军. 京沪高铁对鲁西南沿线主要城市的影响. 复旦学报(自然科学版), 2009, 48(1) : 111-116.]
[12] Jiang Haibing, Xu Jiangang, Qi Yi. The influence of Beijing- Shanghai high- speed railways on land accessibility of regional center cities. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(10): 1287-1298. [蒋海兵, 徐建刚, 祁毅. 京沪高铁对区域中心城市陆路可达性影响. 地理学报, 2010, 65(10): 1287-1298.]
[13] Zhong Yexi, Lu Yuqi, Lu Xiaoxu. Jiangsu urban accessibility in terms of land transport. Economic Geography, 2011, 31(11): 1817-1821. [钟业喜, 陆玉麒, 卢晓旭. 江苏省城镇间可达性及其格局演变研究. 经济地理, 2011, 31(11): 1817- 1821.]
[14] Shen Jinghong, Lu Yuqi, Lan Xiaoji, et al. Assessment on accessibility of regional comprehensive transport: A case of Anhui. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(7): 1280-1293. [沈惊宏, 陆玉麒, 兰小机, 等. 区域综合交通可达性评价: 以安徽省为例. 地理研究, 2012, 31(7): 1280-1293.]
[15] Jin Fengjun, Wang Jiao'e. Railway network expansion and spatial accessibility analysis in China: 1906- 2000. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(2): 293-302. [金凤君, 王娇娥. 20 世纪中国铁路网扩展及其空间通达性. 地理学报,2004, 59(2): 293-302.]
[16] Deng Yu, Cai Jianming, Yang Zhenshan, et al. Measuring time accessibility with its spatial characteristics in urban areas of Beijing. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(2): 169-178. [邓羽, 蔡建明, 杨振山, 等. 北京城区交通时间可达性测度及其空间特征分析. 地理学报, 2012, 67(2): 169-178.]
[17] Jiang Haibing, Xu Jiangang. Delimitation of urban hinterland areas of the prefecture level or above in China based on traffic accessibility. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 2010, 46(4): 58-64, 69. [蒋海兵, 徐建刚. 基于交通可达性的中国地级以上城市腹地划分. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 46(4): 58-64, 69.]
[18] Wu Wei, Cao Youhui, Liang Shuangbo, et al. The accessibility pattern of railway passenger transport network in China.Geographical Research, 2009, 28(5): 1389-1399. [吴威, 曹有挥, 梁双波, 等. 中国铁路客运网络可达性空间格局. 地理研究, 2009, 28(5): 1389-1399.]
[19] HansenWG. How accessibility shapes land use. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 1959, 25(2): 73-76．
[20] Chen Jie, Lu Feng. Location advantage and accessibility evaluation on Beijing- Tianjin- Hebei metropolitan area. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2008, 24(2): 53-56. [陈洁, 陆锋. 京津冀都市圈城市区位与交通可达性评价. 地理与地理信息科学, 2008, 24(2): 53-56.]
[21] Wu Kang, Fang Chuanglin, Zhao Miaoxi, et al. The intercity space of flow influenced by high-speed rail: A case study for the rail transit passenger behavior between Beijing and Tianjin. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2013, 68(2): 159-174. [吴康, 方创琳, 赵渺希, 等. 京津城际高速铁路影响下的跨城流动空间特征. 地理学报, 2013, 68(2): 159-174.]