
DEM空间插值方法对土壤侵蚀模拟的影响研究——以USPED分析干热河谷典型冲沟为例
徐亚莉, 罗明良, 梁倍瑜, 昌小莉, 向卫, 张斌
地理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7) : 870-877.
DEM空间插值方法对土壤侵蚀模拟的影响研究——以USPED分析干热河谷典型冲沟为例
Effects of different DEM spatial interpolation methods on soil erosion simulation:A case study of a typical gully of dry-hot valley based on USPED
为探索不同空间插值方法得到的DEM如何影响土壤侵蚀模拟效果,本文选择金沙江干热河谷区典型冲沟为研究对象,利用野外测量高程数据,采用反距离加权(IDW)、析取克里格(DK)、局部多项式(LPI)和张力样条函数(ST)4种方法构建高精度DEM。基于USPED模型模拟冲沟的土壤侵蚀,对比不同空间插值方法的精度、土壤侵蚀的空间分布,采用相对差系数对比不同插值在土壤侵蚀研究中的相似性。结果表明:DEM空间插值的精度排序为ST<IDW<LPI<DK。基于USPED模拟的土壤侵蚀结果显示,DK模拟了主要的侵蚀、沉积分布,IDW突出了局部细节,LPI和ST则介于其间。相对差系数结果显示,IDW得到的DEM侵蚀模拟结果与其他插值方法有较高的相似性。在实测数据布局合理、密度较高的前提下,IDW更适合应用于土壤侵蚀模拟研究。
Digital elevation models (DEMs) have been widely used in soil erosion simulation, but how different interpolation methods affect the simulation results is not well researched. In this article, a typical gully in the dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River was selected as the case study area. First, field measurement of elevations of the gully was preformed. Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Disjunctive Kriging (DK), Spline with Tension (ST), and Local Polynomial Interpolation (LPI) methods were then used to produce high-precision DEMs of the gully. The United Stream Power-based Erosion Deposition (USPED) model was used to simulate the spatial distribution of erosion and deposition in the gully. The coefficient of relative difference was used to analyze the similarity of USPED results. The result shows that the precision of DEMs from high to low is: DK, LPI, IDW, and ST. The results of USPED simulation show that DK revealed the main distribution pattern of erosion and deposition, but IDW highlighted the details, and LPI and ST were in-between. The coefficient of relative difference shows that IDW was similar with other interpolation methods in soil erosion simulation, but when the layout of sampling points is reasonable and the density of the sampling points is sufficiently high, IDW is more suitable for soil erosion simulation using USPED.
土壤侵蚀 / 空间插值 / USPED / 相对差系数 / 冲沟 {{custom_keyword}} /
soil erosion / spatial interpolation / USPED / coefficient of relative difference / gully {{custom_keyword}} /
表2 不同插值误差特征值/mTab.2 The error associated with different interpolation methods/m |
数据集 | 误差项 | 插值方法 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IDW | DK | LPI | ST | ||
样本数 据集 | ME | 0.0143 | 0.0030 | 0.0048 | 0.0061 |
RMSE | 0.5252 | 0.3896 | 0.4199 | 0.7487 | |
验证数 据集 | ME | -0.0030 | -0.0059 | 0.0024 | -0.0071 |
RMSE | 0.5115 | 0.2758 | 0.4155 | 0.5157 |
图1 不同插值方法的冲沟侵蚀/沉积量Fig.1 Gully erosion/deposition amount estimated by different interpolation methods |
表3 4种插值方法的土壤侵蚀/沉积量的特征值/(t/(m2·a))Tab.3 Characteristic values of soil erosion and deposition estimated by different interpolation methods/(t/(m2·a)) |
插值 方法 | 土壤侵蚀/沉积量 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大沉积量 | 最大侵蚀量 | 沉积均值 | 侵蚀均值 | 侵蚀模拟均值 | |
IDW | 1848.97 | 1757.39 | 181.57 | -159.05 | 4.37 |
LPI | 1628.41 | 1592.21 | 170.25 | -161.23 | 0.57 |
DK | 1758.95 | 1538.18 | 161.49 | -145.85 | 5.99 |
ST | 1627.86 | 1592.53 | 169.94 | -157.01 | 0.85 |
表4 冲沟侵蚀模拟的侵蚀/沉积面积统计表Tab.4 Areas of erosion and deposition estimated by gully erosion simulations |
表5 沟底侵蚀模拟的插值方法相对差系数Tab.5 Coefficient of relative difference estimated by different interpolation methods of gully bottom erosion simulation |
表6 坡面侵蚀模拟的插值方法相对差系数Tab.6 Coefficient of relative difference estimated by different interpolation methods of hillslope erosion simulation |
插值方法 | DK | IDW | LPI | ST |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK | — | (0.55,0.33) | (0.50,0.42) | (0.57,0.44) |
IDW | (0.65,0.06) | — | (0.51,0.07) | (0.47,0.06) |
LPI | (0.41,0.46) | (0.51,0.38) | — | (0.41,0.26) |
ST | (0.49,0.33) | (0.57,0.20) | (0.42,0.37) | — |
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The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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