| 江南造山带钨锡稀有金属矿床成矿作用特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 陆建军, 章荣清, 黄旭栋, 张 强, 李晓宇, 周维法, 黄 迪, 黄 玉, 马东升, 姜耀辉. 2022. 江南造山带钨锡稀有金属矿床成矿作用特征. 华南地质, 38(3): 359-381. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0013.2022.03.001 |
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| 作者姓名： | 陆建军 章荣清 黄旭栋 张 强 李晓宇 周维法 黄 迪 黄 玉 马东升 姜耀辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室，南京大学地球科学与工程学院，江苏 南京 210023;; 2. 南京大学关键地球物质循环前沿科学中心，江苏 南京 210023;; 3. 南京大学大陆动力学研究院，江苏 南京 210023 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（41830428）、关键地球物质循环前沿科学中心“科技人才团队”项目、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2022300192） |
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| 摘 要： | 江南造山带是世界上重要的钨锡稀有金属成矿带之一，发育矽卡岩型钨/锡矿、细脉浸染型钨矿、石英脉型黑钨矿/白钨矿、电气石-石英脉型锡矿、云英岩型钨/锡矿和花岗岩-伟晶岩型铌钽矿床，成矿时代包括新元古代、加里东期、印支期和燕山期。依据成矿元素组合，可将成矿花岗岩划分为W-Mo、W、Sn和Nb-Ta花岗岩，其演化程度和地球化学特征显示出明显差异，铌钽矿化发生在极端分异的钠长石花岗岩中。不同时代、不同类型的成矿花岗岩可能来自不同源区的部分熔融，江南造山带可能存在多个稀有金属富集的源区。成矿物质和成矿流体主要源自花岗质岩浆，岩浆分异演化促进了成矿元素在熔体中的富集。铌钽矿主要为岩浆成因，叠加热液矿化，钨锡矿主要通过流体充填和交代作用形成。
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| 关 键 词： | 钨锡稀有金属矿床 岩浆演化 成矿类型 成矿过程 江南造山带 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-06-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-07-18 |
Metallogenic Characteristics of Tungsten,Tin, and Rare Metal Deposits in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt |
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| LUJian-Jun, ZHANGRong-Qing, HUANGXu-Dong, ZHANGQiang, LIXiao-Yu, ZHOUWei-Fa, HUANGDi, HUANGYu, MADong-Sheng, JIANGYao-Hui. 2022. Metallogenic Characteristics of Tungsten, Tin, and Rare Metal Deposits in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt. South China Geology, 38(3): 359-381. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0013.2022.03.001 |
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| Authors: | LUJian-Jun ZHANGRong-Qing HUANGXu-Dong ZHANGQiang LIXiao-Yu ZHOUWei-Fa HUANGDi HUANGYu MADong-Sheng JIANGYao-Hui |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China;; 2. Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China;; 3. Institute of Continental Geodynamics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | The Jiangnan Orogenic Belt is an important tungsten, tin, and rare metal metallogenic belt in the world. Skarn tungsten-tin deposits, veinlet-disseminated tungsten deposits, quartz-vein wolframite/scheelite deposits, tourmaline-quartz vein tin deposits, greisen tungsten-tin deposits, and granite-pegmatite niobium-tantalum deposits are developed in this belt. Four metallogenic epochs including Neoproterozoic, Caledonian, Indosinian, and Yanshanian have been identified. The ore-bearing granites can be divided into W-Mo, W, Sn, and Nb-Ta granites based on the metallogenic element assemblages, and their evolution degree and geochemical characteristics show significant differences. Nb-Ta mineralization occurs in the extremely differentiated albite granite. The ore-bearing granites with different ages and types are likely to have been derived from partial melting of sources. The ore-forming materials and fluids mainly originate from the granitic melts, where the magmatic fractionation facilitates the enrichment of ore elements in the melts. The Nb-Ta deposits are primarily of magmatic origin and subordinately overprinted by hydrothermal mineralization, while the W and Sn deposits are dominantly formed through fluid filling and metasomatism. |
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| Keywords: | W Sn and rare metal deposits magmatic evolution mineralization styles ore-forming process Jiangnan Orogenic Belt |
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