| 欧盟《气候与能源2030政策框架》要点分析与启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 王谋,张雯,王思丹. 欧盟《气候与能源2030政策框架》要点分析与启示[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2014, 10(6): 453-459. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2014.06.009 |
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| 作者姓名： | 王谋 张雯 王思丹 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国社会科学院城市发展与环境研究所，北京 100732；2 环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心，北京 100035;3.The University of Exeter, Devon EX44SB, UK |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社科基金，中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过分析《气候与能源2030政策框架》（以下简称《框架》）方案要点，认为欧盟2030年的减排目标相对2020年承诺目标更为积极，可再生能源目标略高于之前官方预期。由于东欧国家的参与，欧盟一方面获得了这些国家盈余的排放配额，帮助欧盟作为一个整体实现减排目标；另一方面，成员国经济发展水平差异增大，导致欧盟施行相对积极的环境政策阻力加大，未来大幅调整减排目标的可能性不大。《框架》目标将可能对2020年后国际碳市场需求预估产生影响，未来国际碳市场的健康运行，将不仅需要欧盟外的发达国家提出具有雄心的减排目标，也需要欧盟提高减排目标，增加其对于国际减排配额的需求；此外，欧盟辅助实现40%减排目标的相关生产标准和措施，可能对未来全球自由贸易产生影响，其他国家尤其是对外贸易依存度较高的发展中国家需要密切关注相关动向。《框架》方案所提出的以应对气候变化引领和促进经济发展、采用组合目标且针对不同目标采取不同实现形式、展现制定目标的透明度、充分考虑成员国差异等提法和操作方式值得中国借鉴。
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| 关 键 词： | 欧盟 气候变化 能源政策 2030年 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-07-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014-09-03 |
Analysis and Implications for the EU 2030 Policy Framework for Climate and Energy |
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| Wang Mou,Zhang Wen,Wang Sidan. Analysis and Implications for the EU 2030 Policy Framework for Climate and Energy[J]. Progressus Inquisitiones DE, 2014, 10(6): 453-459. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2014.06.009 |
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| Authors: | Wang Mou Zhang Wen Wang Sidan |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Institute for Urban and Environmental Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China; 2.Foreign Economic Cooperation Office, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100035, China; 3.The University of Exeter, Devon EX44SB, UK |
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| Abstract: | The EU 2030 Policy Framework for Climate and Energy (hereinafter to be referred as the framework) proposes that EU will reduce 40% of GHG emissions in 2030 at the level of 1990 and will raise the portion of renewable energy in primary energy consumption up to 27%. Although it has not been ratified yet, the framework has been focused due to its possibility to become a basis for domestic legislations for its participation in the 2015 international climate change negotiation. By identifying and analysing key elements, the framework shows that its 2030 goal, in terms of targets of emissions reduction and renewable energy, is more positive than that in 2020. In terms of achievement, the target of renewable energy is more difficult than that of emissions reduction. Because of inclusion of Eastern European countries, on the one hand, EU receives the surplus of emissions allowance, which helps EU achieve the target of emissions reduction, on the other hand, a growing disparity among member states of EU constrains from positive environmental policies of EU and reduces the possibility of a great extent to which EU adjusts the target of emissions reduction. The emissions reduction target in the framework is likely to influence the projection of demand of post-2020 international carbon market. The future international carbon market requires not only an ambitious target set by developed countries outside EU, but also a higher target of emissions reduction for EU. Some ideas of the framework such as taking climate change as the driving force of economic development rather than resistance, various approaches to fulfil different type of goals, the transparency of setting goals, and a full consideration of disparities among member states, etc., are worth learning for China. |
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| Keywords: | EU climate change energy policy 2030 |
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