| 乌兰布和沙漠典型植物群落土壤风蚀可蚀性研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 王佳庭,于明含,杨海龙,吴其淦,刘泰含. 乌兰布和沙漠典型植物群落土壤风蚀可蚀性研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2020, 43(6): 1543-1550. DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.06.15 |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 王佳庭 于明含 杨海龙 吴其淦 刘泰含 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083； 2 北京林业大学水土保持国家林业局重点实验室，北京 100083 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目“沙区生态产业技术推广模式及政策研究”（2017YFC0506705） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 为探明植被恢复对乌兰布和沙漠土壤风蚀可蚀性的影响,以乌兰布和沙漠内不同沙地固定阶段的8种典型植物群落及群落内表土作为研究对象,对土壤物理因子(可蚀性颗粒含量、土壤含水量、有机质含量)、土壤结皮因子、植被因子3类土壤风蚀可蚀性因子指标进行监测,分析土壤风蚀可蚀性因子在不同植物群落类型间、沙地固定阶段间的差异。结果表明:(1)在乌兰布和沙漠典型植物群落中,沙蓬、沙生针茅、盐爪爪等草本植物群落的土壤风蚀可蚀性最强,白刺、梭梭、沙冬青等灌木植物群落土壤风蚀可蚀性弱于草本植物群落,说明灌木林能显著降低土壤风蚀作用。(2)随着沙地的不断固定,土壤结构不断发育,土壤可蚀性不断降低,土壤风蚀可蚀性强弱表现为固定沙地<半固定沙地<流动沙地。(3)土壤可蚀性颗粒含量、土壤有机质含量、土壤含水量、土壤结皮、植被因子与植被类型及沙地固定阶段具有显著相关关系。因此,在沙区生态建设工程中,为了减少土壤风蚀量,不仅要考虑物种的选择,还要促进人工生态系统的演替和恢复,从而有效降低土壤风蚀可蚀性。研究结果可为乌兰布和沙区植被生态系统服务功能的科学评价、防沙治沙工程的建设与管理提供一定参考。
|
| 关 键 词： | 乌兰布和沙漠 群落类型 土壤风蚀 可蚀性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-09 |
Soil erosibility of typical plant communities in Ulan Buh Desert |
| |
| WANG Jia-ting,YU Ming-han,YANG Hai-long,WU Qi-gan,LIU Tai-han. Soil erosibility of typical plant communities in Ulan Buh Desert[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2020, 43(6): 1543-1550. DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2020.06.15 |
| |
| Authors: | WANG Jia-ting YU Ming-han YANG Hai-long WU Qi-gan LIU Tai-han |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2.Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
| |
| Abstract: | In order to figure out the effect of vegetation restoration on the wind erodibility of the soil in Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia, China, eight typical plant communities (Nitraria tangutorum Bobr., Ammopiptanthus mongolicus Cheng f., Phragmites communis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Artemisia ordosica Krasch., Stipa glareosa P. Smirn., Kalidium foliatum Moq., Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq., Haloxylon ammodendron Bunge.) in Ulan Buh Desert were investigated in this study. The topsoil in each community at different sand fixing stages was sampled and the soil physical factors (erodible particle content, soil water content, organic matter content), soil crust factor index, and vegetation factor index were monitored to analyze the differences of soil erodible factors among different plant community types and sand fixation stages. Results showed that: (1) In Ulan Buh Desert, the erodible particle content in different plant communities was in the range of 85.23%-91.64%, organic matter content was in the range of 0.42- 3.16 g · kg- 1, soil water content was 11.10- 18.30 g · kg- 1, soil crust factor index was 0.83- 0.99, and vegetation factor index was 0.29- 0.67. (2) The erodible particle content, organic matter content, and soil water content in shrub communities (S. glareosa, K. foliatum, A. squarrosum) were higher than that in herbaceous communities (N. tangutorum, A. mongolicus, H. ammodendron). It can be concluded that wind erosion erodibility of shrub communities is weaker than that of herbaceous communities, indicating a stronger ability in reducing soil wind erosion in shrub community. Vegetation type significantly affects the topsoil erodibility through the way of improving topsoil granulometric composition and organic matter content. P. communis had a significantly higher soil water content that other herbaceous communities since its living condition was always in a low-lying area. (3) The erodible particle content of topsoil shows a decreased tendency in the order of flowing sandy land, semi-fixed sandy land, and fixed sandy land. Meanwhile, organic matter content and soil crust factor of topsoil shows an increased tendency in the order of flowing sandy land, semi-fixed sandy land, and fixed sandy land. No significant difference is observed with the soil water content and vegetation factor among the sand fixation stages. Sand fixation had a significant effect on the topsoil erodibility through the way of improving topsoil granulometric composition and organic matter content, and enhancing biocrusts growth. (4) Soil erodible particles, soil organic matter content, soil water content, soil crust factor index, and vegetation factor index had significant correlations with vegetation types and sand fixation stages. Therefore, to reduce soil wind erosion, both plant species selection and community succession promotion should be considered in ecological construction in the sandy area. This research provided supports for evaluating the ecological function of vegetation ecosystem and guiding the construction sandy desertification combating projects in Ulan Buh Desert. |
| |
| Keywords: | Ulan Buh Desert community type soil wind erosion soil erodibility |
|
| 点击此处可从《干旱区地理》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《干旱区地理》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
