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| 基于邻里效应视角的城市居民心理健康影响因素研究——以广州市为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 邱婴芝,陈宏胜,李志刚,王若宇,刘晔,覃小菲. 基于邻里效应视角的城市居民心理健康影响因素研究——以广州市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(2): 283-295. DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.02.011 |
| 作者姓名： | 邱婴芝 陈宏胜 李志刚 王若宇 刘晔 覃小菲 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州 510275 2. 广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州 510275 3. 东南大学建筑学院,南京 210096 4. 武汉大学城市设计学院,武汉 430072 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41871140,41422103,41771167) |
| 摘 要： | 随着新型城镇化、健康中国等战略的提出,"城市健康"成为社会各界关注的重要议题。然而,既有研究较少基于邻里效应的视角,揭示城市社区环境对居民心理健康的影响因素。论文基于2015年广州市23个社区的1150份问卷调查数据,从邻里效应的视角出发,采用多层线性回归模型,识别了广州市居民心理健康的决定因素,尤其关注社区建成环境和社会环境的影响。研究发现,广州市居民的心理健康水平在社区层面存在空间异质性,由个体层面因素与社区层面因素所共同决定。就个体因素而言,受教育程度、住房产权和身体健康状况对心理健康水平有显著的正向预测作用;就社区建成环境因素而言,服务设施配套和公园绿地供给均与心理健康水平呈显著的正相关关系;就社区社会环境因素而言,社区纠纷数量对心理健康有显著的负向预测作用,社区组织数量和邻里交往频率对心理健康有显著的正向预测作用。建议通过社区规划和社区建设,加大公共服务设施和公园绿地的供给,健全社区组织,鼓励邻里交往,从而提升居民的心理健康水平。 |
| 关 键 词： | 社区 邻里效应 心理健康 多层线性模型 广州 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-12-19 |
Exploring neighborhood environmental effects on mental health:A case study in Guangzhou,China |
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| Yingzhi QIU,Hongsheng CHEN,Zhigang LI,Ruoyu WANG,Ye LIU,Xiaofei QIN. Exploring neighborhood environmental effects on mental health:A case study in Guangzhou,China[J]. Progress in Geography, 2019, 38(2): 283-295. DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.02.011 | |
| Authors: | Yingzhi QIU Hongsheng CHEN Zhigang LI Ruoyu WANG Ye LIU Xiaofei QIN |
| Affiliation: | 1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China 2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China 3. School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China 4. School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China |
| Abstract: | When China enters the "urban era," the environmental and social problems brought about by rapid urbanization have posed a serious threat to urban residents' physical and mental health outcomes. Urban health problems have become an important concern both in academic circles and in the public sphere. As an indispensable dimension of health, mental health is an important prerequisite for achieving "good life." In Western urban studies, the last decade has seen an acceleration in research examining the close relationship between urban environment and mental health outcomes. A growing body of literature has reported significant impact of neighborhood characteristics on residents' mental health, such as housing condition, green space, and neighborhood social support, among others. In China, however, mechanism of mental health associated with neighborhood environment remains poorly understood. This article systematically explores the direct impact of neighborhood environment on mental health, which helps to promote the "Healthy City" and new urbanization strategies. Based on the data collected from a questionnaire survey involving 23 neighborhoods and 1,150 respondents in Guangzhou City, this research employed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and multilevel linear regression models to examine the surveyed residents' mental health and its determinants. It particularly focused on the extent to which and the ways in which neighborhood built and social environments influence their residents’ mental health status. The results indicate that mental health status of residents living in different neighborhoods was significantly different. Multilevel modeling shows that residents' mental health is influenced by both individual and neighborhood factors. Regarding individual variables, low educational level is negatively related to mental health. Residents with housing property rights have better mental health outcomes than those without housing property rights. In addition, good physical health condition contributes to better mental health status. After controlling for individual variables, the impact of neighborhood environment is still significant. For variables related to the built environment, residents living in neighborhoods with abundant facilities and parks around have better mental health outcomes. With regard to neighborhood social environment, high neighborhood interactions and adequate community groups lead to better mental health status, but community disputes can negatively affect mental health of residents. This study confirms that neighborhood characteristics have significant influence on mental health in Guangzhou City, China, which provides valuable implications for policies and practices seeking to promote residents’ mental health. First, facilities and parks should be taken into consideration in neighborhood design and city planning. Another useful approach to improving mental health is for community committees and residents to make joint efforts to build a cohesive and supportive neighborhood, including enriching community groups and strengthening neighborhood interactions. |
| Keywords: | neighborhood environment neighborhood effects mental health multilevel linear model Guangzhou City |
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