Analysis of a Heavy Rainfall in East Sichuan in Summer,2012
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摘要: 本文使用常规观测资料、四川省自动站降水资料、0.1°×0.1°的FY-2E云顶亮温资料和1°×1°的NCEP再分析格点资料对2012年7月20~23日四川东部强降水过程的主要影响系统、水汽源地、动力、热力条件等进行诊断分析,结果表明:(1)本次暴雨过程中伴有500hPa高空槽东移至四川并向南加深发展,槽后冷空气与槽前暖湿气流在四川汇合,低层有低涡发展,配以高低空急流耦合的有利形势;(2)暴雨前期水汽主要来源于孟加拉湾,随着南海台风西进,其外围偏东气流向西输送增强,西南暖湿气流北上受到抑制,使得雨带南压;(3)降水以对流性降水为主,暴雨期间水汽凝结潜热在对流层中低层起主要作用,强上升运动将低层的潜热加热向上输送,形成高空的热源中心,强降水期间大气的加热是与大气的垂直上升运动密切相关的;在本次暴雨过程垂直输送项是视热源Q1和视水汽汇Q2的主要贡献者,尤其是在强降水阶段;(4)在低涡在发展阶段,低层正涡度局地变化项首先得到发展,在低涡减弱阶段,正涡度局地变化项的峰值中心由低层向中低层抬升;(5)中尺度对流系统与小时降水分布一致,MCS的发展是触发降水的重要因素之一。Abstract: Using the conventional observation data,the automatic station precipitation data,0.1°×0.1°FY-2E cloud top brightness temperature data and 1°×1°NCEP reanalysis data,the main influencing system,water vapor source,dynamic and thermodynamic conditions for the strong precipitation process in east Sichuan on 20-23 July 2012 are analyzed,the results show that:(1) The 500hPa upper trough eastward to Sichuan and deepen development to south in the heavy rainfall process,cold air after trough and warm moist air before trough flows in Sichuan,the low-level has low vortex development,with the favorable situation of high and low- level jet coupling; (2) The rainstorm early water vapor mainly comes from the bay of Bengal,as the typhoon in the South China Sea westward,the periphery of easterly flow westwards enhancement,the southwest warm moist flow northward is restrained,which make rain belt southward; (3) It is given priority to convective precipitation,the water vapor condensation latent heat plays a major role in the lower troposphere during the rainfall process,strong ascending motion carry low layer latent heating upward,form the heat source center in high layer,the heating of the atmosphere is closely related to the atmospheric vertical upward movement during the period of heavy precipitation.The main contribution is the vertical transportation item of apparent heat source Q1 and apparent moisture sink Q2 in this rainstorm,especially in the strong precipitation stage; (4) In the development stage of the low vortex,lower level positive vorticity local change first of all,in the waekening stage of the low vortex,the peak center of the total positive vorticity variation term uplift from the lower level to the middle and lower; (5) The mesoscale convective system consistent with the hours of precipitation distribution,MCS is one of the important factors that trigger precipitation.
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