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STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF DREDGED SILT AT HIGH WATER CONTENT TREATED WITH SODIUM SILICATE, SODA RESIDUE AND GROUND GRANULATED BLASTFURNACE SLAG
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摘要: 利用工业固体废弃物碱渣和矿渣作为固化剂，水玻璃作为激发剂，对高含水率疏浚淤泥的强度性质进行试验研究，并通过X射线衍射测试探讨固化机理。研究表明，在对含水率为110%疏浚淤泥固化的正交试验中，碱渣、矿渣和水玻璃掺量越多固化土的无侧限抗压强度越大，影响3 d强度的因素主次关系为碱渣>水玻璃>矿渣，而7 d和28 d时变为水玻璃>碱渣>矿渣，水玻璃对28 d强度的影响显著。当水玻璃掺量一定而碱渣与矿渣总掺量相同时，碱渣对固化淤泥的作用强于矿渣。固化土中的水化产物包括钙矾石、水化氯铝酸钙、水钙沸石和水化硅酸钙等，其填充和胶结作用使淤泥强度得到提高。研究确定了满足一般填土工程要求的固化方案，为碱渣和矿渣作为高含水率淤泥固化剂的资源化利用提供理论依据和参数支持。Abstract: Two industry by-products, soda residue(SR) and ground granulated blastfurnace slag(GGBS), and sodium silicate(SS)were utilized to stabilize dredged silt at high water content. The unconfined compressive tests and X-ray diffraction were conducted to analyze the strength characteristics and the mechanism. The results indicate that the increase in dosage of SS, SR and GGBS can increase the unconfined compressive strength for the samples with the initial water content of 110%. The order of factors for strength of 3 days curing is SS > SR > GGBS. The order changes to SS > SR > GGBS for samples cured for 7 and 28 days. SS has a significant impact on the strength of 28 days curing. When the dosage of SS is fixed and the total dosage of SR and GGBS is the same, the effect of SR is stronger than that of GGBS. The hydration reaction among SS, SR, GGBS and soil minerals produces hydration products including ettringite, calcium chloro-aluminate hydrates, gismondine, and calcium silicate hydrates. They play the filling-in and cementation effects. The solidification scheme to meet the requirement of fill construction was determined. The results can provide a theoretical basis and data support for the resource utilization of SR and GGBS as stabilizer for dredged silt at high water content.
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Keywords:
- High water content /
- Dredged silt /
- Solidification /
- Unconfined compressive strength /
- Soda residue
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图 1 试验材料的XRD图谱
1.石英; 2.高岭石; 3.白云母; 4.伊利石; 5.碳酸钙; 6.半水硫酸钙; 7.二水硫酸钙; 8.硅酸钙
Figure 1. XRD diffractograms of raw materials
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图 2 无侧限抗压强度及破坏应变随养护龄期的变化
a.无侧限抗压强度；b.破坏应变
Figure 2. Effect of curing time on unconfined compressive strength and failure strain
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图 3 部分试样的应力-应变曲线
a.序号(9)试样；b.序号(2)试样；c.序号(1)试样
Figure 3. Stress-strain curves for some samples
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图 4 含水率对应力-应变曲线的影响
a. 3d；b. 7d；c. 28d
Figure 4. Effect of water content on stress-stain curves
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图 5 无侧限抗压强度及破坏应变与含水率的关系
a.无侧限抗压强度；b.破坏应变
Figure 5. Effect of water content on unconfined compressive strength and failure strain
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图 6 固化土XRD图谱
1：石英; 3：白云母; 4：伊利石; 5：碳酸钙; ◇：水化氯铝酸钙; #：钙矾石; *：水钙沸石; ▼：水化硅酸钙
Figure 6. XRD diffractograms of stabilized soils
表 1 疏浚淤泥、碱渣和矿渣的主要化学组成(%)
Table 1 Bulk chemistry of dredged silt, SR and GGBS(%)
CaO Fe2O3 SiO2 MgO Na2O P2O5 Al2O3 TiO2 SO3 Cl 淤泥 3.2 6.5 62.6 2.0 0.9 0.5 19.5 0.8 1.3 - 碱渣 31.9 0.3 6.0 0.2 2.0 0.1 3.4 0.1 17.4 10.5 矿渣 38.6 0.3 33.9 7.5 0.1 1.3 15.3 0.7 2.1 — 
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表 2 正交试验方案及结果
Table 2 Orthogonal test scheme and results
序号 A(碱渣) B(矿渣) C(水玻璃) D(空白) 强度(3d)/kPa 强度(7d)/kPa 强度(28d)/kPa (1) 1(30%) 1(20%) 1(15%) 1 230.6 333.46 546.17 (2) 1 2(15%) 2(10%) 2 108.46 121.26 224.45 (3) 1 3(10%) 3(5%) 3 44.41 58.84 92.98 (4) 2(25%) 1 2 3 67.96 104.38 199.90 (5) 2 2 3 1 37.23 43.20 59.12 (6) 2 3 1 2 96.48 169.08 351.12 (7) 3(20%) 1 3 2 30.84 38.33 61.59 (8) 3 2 1 3 27.07 48.50 165.46 (9) 3 3 2 1 19.92 27.48 32.32
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表 3 正交试验极差分析表
Table 3 Orthogonal extreme difference analysis
强度(3d)/kPa 强度(7d)/kPa 强度(28d)/kPa A B C D A B C D A B C D k1 127.82 109.80 118.05 95.92 171.19 158.72 183.68 134.72 287.87 269.22 354.25 212.54 k2 67.22 57.59 65.45 78.59 105.55 70.99 84.37 109.56 203.38 149.67 152.22 212.39 k3 25.94 53.60 37.49 46.48 38.10 85.13 46.79 70.57 86.46 158.81 71.23 152.78 R 101.88 56.20 80.56 49.44 133.08 73.59 136.88 64.14 201.41 110.41 283.02 59.76 k为各水平的平均值，R为极差
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表 4 正交试验方差分析表
Table 4 Orthogonal variance analysis
方差来源 强度(3d)/kPa 强度(7d)/kPa 强度(28d)/kPa 列差平方和 自由度 F值 显著水平 列差平方和 自由度 F值 显著水平 列差平方和 自由度 F值 显著水平 A(碱渣) 15755.93 2 4.17 不显著 26568.57 2 4.24 不显著 61376.04 2 8.62 不显著 B(矿渣) 5900.16 2 1.56 不显著 13313.69 2 2.12 不显著 26565.61 2 3.73 不显著 C(水玻璃) 10037.88 2 2.66 不显著 30011.36 2 4.79 不显著 127473.84 2 17.89 显著 D(误差) 3775.35 2 6267.38 2 7124.32 2 F0.10(2，2)=9.00，F0.05(2，2)=19.0
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