| 南海西南次海盆深海地磁观测潜标的数据分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐行, 赵旭东, 王功祥, 廖开训, 刘愉强, 杨卓昊. 2017. 南海西南次海盆深海地磁观测潜标的数据分析. 地球物理学报, 60(3): 1179-1188, doi: 10.6038/cjg20170328 |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐行 赵旭东 王功祥 廖开训 刘愉强 杨卓昊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室, 广州海洋地质调查局, 广州 510075; 2. 中国地震局地球物理研究所, 北京 100081; 3. 国家海洋局南海分局, 广州 510310 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项项目（2014YQ100817）、国家自然科学基金重点资助项目（91028007）、国家自然科学基金项目（41504129）资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 地磁场磁力线切割海水和电磁感应两种方式的共同作用影响着海水介质中变化地磁场的时空特征.虽然近些年的野外实践、数值模拟和理论研究都表明，海面和深海海底的变化磁场存在差异，但极少有实测数据揭示在海水介质不同深度位置地磁场的时空特征.本文主要介绍在南海西南次海盆4366 m深度处布放和回收了一个4000 m长深海地磁观测潜标的科学实验；重点分析垂直方向不同水深位置上地磁场观测记录中总强度的变化幅度及相位的时空特征.并通过建立地磁场太阳静日变化模型，将观测结果与南海周缘的三个地磁台站观测记录进行对比分析.研究结果表明，地磁场总强度在深海水体的不同深度存在着显著差别.在地磁扰动较小或平静期间，深海潜标处的日变形态与同纬度邻近台站的观测结果较为一致；而在地磁扰动期间，由于所处位置处地下电性介质的差异会对感应磁场产生不同的影响，观测到的总强度在幅度和相位变化中也出现相应的不同.本文的分析结果不仅为海水介质不同深度地磁场时空特征的研究提供了科学实验依据，也为海洋磁测中地磁日变观测站的布设提供建议.
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| 关 键 词： | 深海 地磁观测 潜标 磁扰 时空特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-06-29 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017-01-19 |
Analysis of data from the deep-sea geomagnetic observation buoy in the southwest subbasin of the South China Sea |
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| XU Xing, ZHAO Xu-Dong, WANG Gong-Xiang, LIAO Kai-Xun, LIU Yu-Qiang, YANG Zhuo-Hao. 2017. Analysis of data from the deep-sea geomagnetic observation buoy in the southwest subbasin of the South China Sea. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 60(3): 1179-1188, doi: 10.6038/cjg20170328 |
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| Authors: | XU Xing ZHAO Xu-Dong WANG Gong-Xiang LIAO Kai-Xun LIU Yu-Qiang YANG Zhuo-Hao |
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| Affiliation: | 1. MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China; 2. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China; 3. South China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510310, China |
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| Abstract: | Sea-surface and sea-bottom measurements at the same location can yield different results of the geomagnetic field due to the disturbance of seawater cutting geomagnetic lines and relevant electromagnetic induction. Although previous studies more or less document such differences, little measurements can characterize their space-temporal variations. This paper presents observations from a recent experiment in the southwest subbasin of the South China Sea by using a 4-km-long deep-sea geomagnetic buoy. The data display a complete measurement of the geomagnetic field in the seawater column at all depths, allowing us to analyze its vertically-varying characteristics in the total intensity and phase. Compared with three nearby observatories with a Sq model, observed diurnal variations show similarity in magnetic quiet periods. However, during the magnetic disturbance period, notable discrepancies exist, probably caused by the effects of diverse sub-seafloor electric media on induced current. This study is significant in evidencing the changes of the geomagnetic field with both time and depth in an abyssal basin, as well as in advising for the design of the diurnal variation observatory in marine magnetic surveys. |
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| Keywords: | Deep-sea Geomagnetic observation Buoy Magnetic disturbance Space-temporal variation |
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