| 西藏参考作物蒸发蒸腾量的时空变异规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨永红,张展羽,阮新建. 西藏参考作物蒸发蒸腾量的时空变异规律[J]. 水科学进展, 2009, 20(6): 775-781 |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨永红 张展羽 阮新建 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西藏农牧学院, 西藏, 林芝, 860000; |
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| 基金项目： | 西藏自治区中青年自然基金资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据西藏高原区38个气象站点自建站到2006年的逐日气象观测资料,利用FAO-56标准Penman-Monteith公式计算各站逐日参考作物蒸发蒸腾量(ET0)。重点分析了7个站点逐日、逐月ET0年内变化规律,采用Mann-Kendall法对其月际和年际ET0进行趋势检验;利用Kriging插值及Surfer8.0空间分析功能,得到西藏高原区年ET0均值的等值线图,分析了全区年ET0均值的空间分布特征。结果表明:昌都、林芝和那曲的逐日ET0在年内变化曲线基本一致,呈现单峰抛物线形状,拉萨、泽当和日喀则的逐日ET0年内变化趋势基本一致,6～9月变化曲线呈现较快的下降趋势,狮泉河的ET0呈现单独变化趋势;所有站点的逐月ET0年内变化规律与逐日ET0相同,最大值均出现在6月份,最小值出现在12月份;日喀则各月及干湿季ET0的Mann-Kendall检验大多呈现显著的降低趋势,其次是泽当,呈现增加趋势较多的是林芝;全系列年ET0均值Mann-Kendall检验呈现降低趋势的站点偏多;西藏高原区年ET0均值具有东部和中南部高,东北部和东南缘低的空间分布规律。
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| 关 键 词： | 参考作物蒸发蒸腾量 Penman-Monteith公式 Mam-Kendall方法 时空变异 西藏 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-09-11 |
Temporal and spatial variation law of reference crop evapotranspiration in Tibet |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi 860000, China;2.College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai university, Nanjing 210098, China;3.State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan university, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the meteorological observation data collected by the 38 weather stations in Tibet for several decades before 2006, the daily values of the reference crop evapotranspiration (ET_0) are calculated by FAO-56 standard Penman-Monteith formula, and the daily and monthly change law of ET_0 over the seven stations is analyzed. The tendency test is conducted on the data of the monthly and annual ET_0 using the Mann-Kendall method. The contour maps of the average annual ET_0 in Tibet are obtained using the Golden Software Surfer 8.0. The spatial distribution of the average annual ET_0 in Tibet is analyzed with the function of spatial analysis. The results indicate that: the daily ET_0 curves of Changdou, Linzhi and Naqu are approximately the same, showing a single peak parabolic shape; and the daily ET_0 curves of Lhasa, Rikaze and Zedang are also approximately the same. The curves from June to September quickly take on the downward trend; ET_0 of the Shiquanhe presents individual change trend. As for all the observation sites, the maximum monthly ET_0 is found in June,and the minimum is in December. In Rikaze, ET_0 mainly shows the decreasing trend each month and in wet and dry seasons very significantly, followed by Zedang. While ET_0 mainly shows the increasing trend in Linzhi. The Mann-Kendall test also indicates that the decreasing in annual ET_0 appears to be the dominate trend in most stations of Tibet. The spatial distribution of average annual ET_0 reveals that the ET_0 values are higher in the eastern and central-southern regions than those in the west and north as well as in the south-eastern fringe in Tibet. |
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| Keywords: | reference crop evapotranspiration Penman-Monteith formula Mann-Kendall method temporal and spatial variability Tibet |
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