| NOAA系列卫星高能粒子数据一致性统计分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄建平, 余伟豪, 泽仁志玛, 李忠, 楚伟. 2020. NOAA系列卫星高能粒子数据一致性统计分析. 地球物理学报, 63(4): 1249-1261, doi: 10.6038/cjg2020N0051 |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄建平 余伟豪 泽仁志玛 李忠 楚伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地震局地壳应力研究所, 北京 100085; 2. 防灾科技学院, 河北三河 065201 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1503501），国家自然基金面上项目（41874174，41574139）和中国地震局地壳应力研究所基本科研业务项目（ZDJ2018-19）联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 顶部电离层是低轨道卫星的运行空间，是能量粒子沉降的重要区域，认识这个空间的能量粒子分布特征对研究各种空间天气事件、地震、火山以及其他人类活动引起的扰动具有重要的现实意义.本文利用位于顶部电离层的5颗NOAA系列卫星数据，统计研究了100~300 keV的电子和80~2500 keV的质子的全球分布特征.研究发现：高能电子和质子主要分布在两极辐射带和南大西洋异常区，两极辐射带观测到的高能电子通量比南大西洋异常区高几倍到一个数量级，而质子则相反；高能电子在两极辐射带地区通量分布具有不对称性，主要表现为在北辐射带西经75°到东经90°存在低值区，相对应的是粒子主要聚集在其磁共轭区，且其边界和南大西洋异常区相交；高能质子两极辐射带对称分布，在南半球东经0°至东经50°存在高值区.利用概率密度统计分析发现，各颗卫星在南大西洋异常区和两极辐射带的高能电子和高能质子通量总体上均呈正态分布.在南大西洋异常区，NOAA-15观测到的高能电子通量比其他卫星的低，NOAA-16观测的高能电子通量比其他卫星的高，各卫星的高能质子观测结果基本相同.在两极辐射带，各卫星观测的高能电子通量结果基本相同，NOAA-18和NOAA-19观测的质子通量最高，NOAA-16和NOAA-17次之，NOAA-15最低，其中NOAA-19比NOAA-15观测到的质子通量要高一个数量级左右.在磁暴期间顶部电离层高能电子的变化表明地磁指数Dst和空间粒子通量变化具有时间同步性.本文的研究成果将为我国下一代电磁卫星设计提供基础依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 电离层 高能粒子 NOAA 两极辐射带 南大西洋异常区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-02-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-12-26 |
Statistical analysis on data consistency of the energetic particles observed by NOAA Satellites |
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| HUANG JianPing, YU WeiHao, ZEREN ZhiMa, LI Zhong, CHU Wei. 2020. Statistical analysis on data consistency of the energetic particles observed by NOAA Satellites. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 63(4): 1249-1261, doi: 10.6038/cjg2020N0051 |
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| Authors: | HUANG JianPing YU WeiHao ZEREN ZhiMa LI Zhong CHU Wei |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China; 2. Institute of Disaster Prevention, SanHe Hebei 065201, China |
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| Abstract: | The upper ionosphere where the low earth orbit satellites operate, is an important region for energetic particle precipitation. Understanding the distribution features of energetic particles in this region plays a significant role for the study of ionospheric disturbance induced by various types of space weather events, earthquakes or volcanic activities. This paper statistically investigated the global distributions of energetic electrons at 100~300 keV and energetic protons at 80~2500 keV based on NOAA series satellites. It is found that the distribution of high-energy electrons and energetic protons overwhelmingly dominate at the polar regions,and the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) region. The observed energetic electron flux at polar regions is several times higher than those at the SAA region, while the proton is the opposite. The electron distribution in the polar zone is asymmetric:there exists a low value region from longitude 75° to 90° at northern hemisphere, and a corresponding high-value zone at conjugated region at southern hemisphere bordered by the SAA region. The proton distribution is symmetrical in the polar zone, and there is a high-value zone in the southern hemisphere from 0° to 50° longitude. Furthermore, the probability distribution of observations from each satellite both in the polar regions and SAA region were examined. Results show that distributions of energetic electron and proton fluxes demonstrate a normal distribution in both regions. Specifically, in the SAA region the energetic electron flux observed by NOAA-15 remains the lowest values, compared to other satellites, and the observations from NOAA-16 is the highest while the proton are basically same. In the polar regions, the energetic electron observation results of each satellite are basically same while the highest proton flux is observed in NOAA-18 and NOAA-19, followed by NOAA-16 and NOAA-17, and the lowest is NOAA-15,especially the proton flux observed by NOAA-19 is about one order of magnitude higher than that observed by NOAA-15. The analysis on a magnetic storm event occurred from October 24 to 31, 2011 reveals that there is a good synchronous variation between the geomagnetic indices (Dst) observed by ground stations and the magnetic storms observed by satellites in space. The results will be useful in the design of next generation of ZH-1 satellite. |
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| Keywords: | Ionosphere Energetic particle NOAA Polar region SAA |
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