| 天山北坡低山丘陵干草原生长季蒸散特征 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 黄小涛,罗格平. 天山北坡低山丘陵干草原生长季蒸散特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2017, 40(6): 1198-1206 |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 黄小涛 罗格平 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目（131965KYSB20160004） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 基于HL20波文比系统获得了天山北坡低山丘陵干草原2013-2015年的能量、气象观测数据，采用波文比-能量平衡法对其生长季（4～10月）蒸散特征进行了分析。结果表明：（1）生长季蒸散日内变化总体呈现中午最高、早晚变小和夜间蒸散微弱的特征，阴雨天蒸散日内变化相对复杂，蒸散强度通常弱于晴天；2013-2015年生长季蒸散量平均值为353.2 mm，生长季蒸散量在不同年份、不同季节和不同月份差异较大；2013-2015年生长季凝结水占降水量的比例分别为9.7%，18.8%和16.8%，日均凝结水量分别为0.177 mm，0.179 mm和0.316 mm。（2）生长季潜热和感热占据了净辐射能的主体且总体上潜热小于感热，白天潜热最大值出现之前，潜热会出现短暂小幅降低的情况。生长季感热和潜热逐日对比变化与植被长势密切相关。（3）波文比在夜间波动较大，变化复杂，白天上午波文比从负值增大到<1的正值，再到>1的正值，中午波文比为>1的正值，20：00左右波文比值开始回落。
|
| 关 键 词： | 波文比 蒸散 潜热通量 感热通量 土壤热通量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-06-09 |
Evapotranspiration characteristics of the growing season in hilly dry steppe,the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains |
| |
| HUANG Xiao-tao,LUO Ge-ping. Evapotranspiration characteristics of the growing season in hilly dry steppe,the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2017, 40(6): 1198-1206 |
| |
| Authors: | HUANG Xiao-tao LUO Ge-ping |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Grassland ecosystems are widely distributed in arid area of central Asia,but there are sparse observation sites on water and energy in this region and there have been no deep studies on the evapotranspiration in this region. Particularly observations on the actual evapotranspiration of the complex surface are still very weak and further analysis on the evapotranspiration are helpful for learning the land surface processes in this region. In this paper,based on the data of energy and meteorological which were collected in northern hilly dry steppe of Tianshan Mountains with time step of 1 hour from 2013 to 2015,by means of HL20 Bowen ratio observation systems and the Bowen ratio - energy balance method,the evapotranspiration characteristics of the growing season (April to October)are analyzed systematically. The results shows that as follows: (1)The diurnal variation of the evapotranspiration during the growing season reaches its peak at noon generally,while in the morning and afternoon, the evapotranspiration is low and weak at night. On rainy days the diurnal variation of the evapotranspiration is relatively complex,and the evapotranspiration is usually lower than that on sunny days. Annual average evapotranspiration in the growing season is 353.2 mm from 2013 to 2015. Due to the influence caused by many factors such as precipitation,temperature and vegetation phenology,the evapotranspiration during the growing season aviates sharply with the difference of the years,seasons and months. The condensations during the growing seasons of 2013,2014 and 2015 accounted for 9.7%,18.8% and 16.8% of the total precipitation,respectively. The daily average condensations were 0.177 mm,0.179 mm and 0.316 mm,respectively. Unlike the precipitation,the condensation was relatively stable. (2)Latent heat flux and sensible heat flux occupy the main body of the net radiation energy during the growing season. The variation trends of latent heat flux and sensible heat flux is similar to net radiation's. Overall,latent heat flux will drop slightly before reaching its peak at noon. Generally,latent heat flux is lower than sensible heat flux,however,in the peak season (May-July),latent heat flux may be higher than sensible heat flux except for the years with less available precipitation. The daily variation of latent heat flux and sensible heat flux is closely related to the vegetation growth which mainly depends on phenology and available precipitation. (3)Bowen ratio fluctuates sharply and complexly during the night. In the daytime,Bowen ratio increases from a negative value to a positive one (less than 1)before noon,and then increases to a positive value which is more than 1,Bowen ratio is more than 1 at noon before dropping down again at around 8 p.m. The study has brought about in-depth understanding of evapotranspiration characteristics in the hilly dry steppe of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains and provided some significant data to the scientific management in this region. |
| |
| Keywords: | Bowen ratio evapotranspiration latent heat flux sensible heat flux soil heat flux |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《干旱区地理》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《干旱区地理》下载全文 |
|
