| 华南洋陆过渡带构造演化:特提斯构造域向太平洋构造域的转换过程与机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 李三忠,索艳慧,周洁,王光增,李玺瑶,姜兆霞,刘金平,刘丽军,刘永江,占华旺,姜素华,程昊皞,王鹏程,朱俊江,戴黎明,董昊,刘琳,郭晓玉. 华南洋陆过渡带构造演化:特提斯构造域向太平洋构造域的转换过程与机制[J]. 地质力学学报, 2022, 28(5): 683-704. DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.20222809 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李三忠 索艳慧 周洁 王光增 李玺瑶 姜兆霞 刘金平 刘丽军 刘永江 占华旺 姜素华 程昊皞 王鹏程 朱俊江 戴黎明 董昊 刘琳 郭晓玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.深海圈层与地球系统教育部前沿科学中心，山东 青岛 266100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目（91958214）；国家自然科学基金创新群体项目（42121005）；青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室山东省专项经费（2022 QNLM05032）；泰山学者攀登计划（tspd20210305） |
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| 摘 要： | 南海北部陆缘位于大华南地块洋陆过渡带南段的关键核心段落，曾处于特提斯洋构造域与（古）太平洋构造域交接地带，是印度洋构造动力系统与太平洋构造动力系统波及的共同地区。然而，以往研究和勘探程度较低，特提斯构造域与太平洋构造域交接转换区域的大地构造背景、过程、机制始终不够明确。基于南海北部陆缘地震剖面，不仅关注该区新生代盆地结构构造，以服务该区油气精准勘探，并且试图以此解剖、揭示该区中生代基底结构特征，进而探索新生代南海海盆打开、扩张、停滞到消亡过程的前生今世。对珠江口盆地地震剖面解析和华南陆缘野外构造研究表明:华南地块洋陆过渡带先后经历了中生代印支期碰撞造山、燕山早期增生造山、燕山晚期压扭造山三个过程；随后进入新生代，又经历了早期北东东—南西西走向正断层主控下的弥散性裂解成盆、中期北东—北北东走向张扭断裂主控下的右行走滑拉分成盆、晚期北西—北西西向张扭断裂主控下的左行走滑拉分成盆三期伸展构造叠加。总体上，该区特提斯洋构造体系向太平洋构造体系的转换过程经历了四个阶段:古特提斯洋构造体系向新特提斯洋构造体系转换、新特提斯洋构造体系向古太平洋构造体系转换、新特提斯洋构造体系向太平洋构造体系转换及古太平洋构造体系向太平洋构造体系的转换。东亚洋陆过渡带的构造转换折射出地球深浅部动力系统驱动“东亚大汇聚”的长期机制，即东南亚环形俯冲驱动体系、太平洋LLSVP和非洲LLSVP的深部动力系统（统称为海底“三极”）的重要性，其中，东南亚环形俯冲驱动体系是地球板块运动的重要动力引擎之一。
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| 关 键 词： | 洋陆过渡带 古特提斯洋 新特提斯洋 古太平洋 太平洋 造山 伸展 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-12 |
Tectonic evolution of the South China Ocean-Continent Connection Zone: Transition and mechanism of the Tethyan to the Pacific tectonic domains |
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| Abstract: | The northern South China Sea continental margin is the key or critical segment of the Ocean-Continent Connection Zone (OCCZ) of the Great South China Block, the junction between the Tethyan and the (Paleo-) Pacific dynamic systems, and the interaction area between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. However, due to the low-degree geophysical exploration in the past, the regional tectonic background, processes and mechanism of the transition between the Tethyan and the Pacific tectonic domains are unclear. Based on the latest large number of seismic profiles, we focus on the Cenozoic basin structure in the continental margin of the northern South China Sea and try to reveal the Mesozoic basement structures of the northern South China Sea continental margin, with the aim of exploring the pre-Cenozoic tectonic evolution and the Cenozoic opening, spreading, ridge fossil and closure of the South China Sea oceanic basin, so as to serve the accurate oil and gas exploration in this area at the same time. The seismic interpretation of the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the field structural investigation of the South China continental margin show that the OCCZ of the South China Block has experienced three processes: Mesozoic Indosinian collisional orogeny, Early Yanshanian accretionary orogeny and Late Yanshanian transpressive orogeny. During the Cenozoic era, it experienced the dispersive extension into basins under the control of NW-SE-directed normal extension in the early stage, the dextral pull-apart into basins under the control of NE-NNE-trending strike-slip faults in the middle stage, and the sinistral pull-apart into basins under the control of NW-WNW strike-slip faults in the late stage. In general, the transition process from the Tethyan to the Pacific tectonic systems can be subdivided into four stages: the transition from the Paleo-Tethyan to the Neo-Tethyan tectonic systems, the transition from the Neo-Tethyan to the Paleo-Pacific tectonic systems, the transition from the Neo-Tethyan to the Pacific tectonic systems, and the transition from the Paleo-Pacific to the Pacific tectonic systems. The tectonic transition of the East Asian OCCZ reflects the long-term mechanism of the Earth plate dynamic system driving the plate superconvergence in East Asia, in particular of the importance of the deep or submarine “Triple Poles”, the Southeast Asian U-shape subduction system, the Pacific LLSVP and the African LLSVP. More importantly, the Southeast Asian U-shape subduction system is also one of the important dynamic engines of the Earth plate motion. |
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