摘要:
东格陵兰盆地陆上和近海地区是目前北极与深水油气勘探的热点地区,但油气勘探程度和资源认识程度低。美国地质调查局(2000、2007年)油气资源评价结果表明该区具有很大的油气资源潜力,同时油气勘探具有高风险和不确定性。通过收集整理东格陵兰盆地、北海盆地油气地质资料及油气田勘探开发数据,从区域上对两个地区的油气成藏条件进行了对比,并采用地球化学方法与类比法,评价了东格陵兰盆地的油气资源潜力。东格陵兰盆地属于晚古生代—中生代的裂谷盆地,呈现两坳一隆的构造格局,与挪威陆架盆地在进入被动陆缘阶段之前具有相同的地质发育过程,沉积环境类似,共同经历古生代和中生代裂谷及裂后的热沉降。东格陵兰盆地发育晚古生代湖相烃源岩、上侏罗统海相烃源岩,储层主要为中侏罗统浅海相砂岩和白垩系深海浊积砂岩,圈闭类型主要为伸展构造圈闭、地垒断块圈闭、盐构造圈闭以及地层圈闭等。东格陵兰盆地油气成藏条件优越,油气资源潜力较大,具有较好的勘探前景。在影响东格陵兰盆地油气资源认识的诸多地质因素中,有利圈闭类型、必要数量的烃源岩以及油气生成条件和适当埋藏史还待进一步证实。
Abstract:
The onshore and offshore areas of the East Greenland Basin are the key areas for petroleum exploration in both the North Pole and deep waters at present. The assessment made by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) suggested a substantial petroleum potential in this area, with high risk and uncertainty in exploration at the same time. This paper compares the reservoir forming conditions based on the data from the East Greenland Basin and the North Sea Basin. The petroleum potential of East Greenland Basin is assessed applying geochemistry methods and analogy. The East Greenland Basin was a rift basin in Late Paleozoic—Mesozoic, consisting of two depressions with a uplift in between, and it is similar with the Norwegian continental basin before the later entering the stage of passive continental margin. There are similarities in depositional environment, thermal subsidence of rifting and post-rifting deformation in Paleozoic and Mesozoic. In the East Greenland Basin, there were lacustrine source rocks in Late Paleozoic and marine source rocks in Upper Jurassic.There are shallow-marine sandstone reservoirs occurred in the Middle Jurassic and deep-marine turbidity sandstone reservoirs in the Cretaceous.There are various types of trap dominated mainly by extensional structure traps, horst and fault-block traps, salt structure traps, and stratigraphic traps. There are superior reservoir forming conditions, favorable petroleum potential and preferable exploration prospect in the East Greenland Basin. Among all the geological factors, which may affect the accumulation of petroleum resources, the favorable types of trap, essential amount of source rock, conditions of petroleum generation and appropriate burial histories have to be further confirmed.
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