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| 国外城市舒适性研究综述与启示 | |
| 引用本文： | 温婷,蔡建明,杨振山,宋涛. 国外城市舒适性研究综述与启示[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(2): 249-258. DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.02.011 |
| 作者姓名： | 温婷 蔡建明 杨振山 宋涛 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京100049;3. 哈佛大学, 剑桥02138, 马萨诸塞州, 美国 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金青年—面上连续项目(41371008) |
| 摘 要： | 城市发展中所关注的研究内容随城市所处的发展阶段和时代而变化。西方发达国家对城市舒适性的研究已经有长达70年的历史，而中国在这方面的研究开展甚少，并且对国外城市舒适性相关研究缺乏全面的认识。首先系统梳理了国外研究中关于城市舒适性的理论基础、概念、内涵，及其与人口迁移和城市发展的关系，并对研究方法进行了介绍；其次对国外城市舒适性研究进展进行了简要的评述和研究趋势展望，进而提出，从城市发展前瞻性的视角出发，有必要在中国深入开展城市舒适性研究，并对如何在中国城市规划设计、城市经济转型研究中借鉴城市舒适性研究理念和研究方法进行了分析。 |
| 关 键 词： | 城市发展 城市舒适性 研究进展 研究启示 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-08-01 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013-11-01 |
Review and enlightenment of overseas urban amenity research |
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| WEN Ting,CAI Jianming,YANG Zhenshan,SONG Tao. Review and enlightenment of overseas urban amenity research[J]. Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(2): 249-258. DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.02.011 | |
| Authors: | WEN Ting CAI Jianming YANG Zhenshan SONG Tao |
| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Harvard University, Cambridge 02138, MA, USA |
| Abstract: | Traditional theories of urban development have been outmoded in the era of globalization and knowledge economy, and urban amenities are now considered as a more and more important factor promoting urban growth. Urban amenities have become an increasingly hot topic in the western countries, to which the researchers in China seem to have not paid too much attention. This article aims at obtaining a comprehensive understanding of overseas research in the field of urban amenities, in order to provide references for urban amenity research in China. By collecting and analyzing related publications, this paper gives a systematically review of overseas research on urban amenities from several aspects: (1) the theoretical basis, including human demand theory, capital theory and sciences of human settlement; (2) concepts of urban amenities defined by different researches, and three types of urban amenities, i.e. natural amenities, modern amenities and social amenities; (3) urban amenities and amenity migration; (4) the influence of urban amenities on location decisions of talents, companies and urban growth; (5) commonly used research methods of urban amenities including survey, Hedonic price model and structure equation model. After that, the author makes comments on the current research progress and research trends. At the same time, comparisons between domestic and foreign researches on urban amenities are also discussed. The main conclusions from the review are as follows. (1) Quite a few of Western scholars have demonstrated that urban amenities work as an promoter to urban development through attracting talents and companies, whereas the concept of urban amenity has been studied just as a component of the livability of a city, which has not been closely related to urban development; (2) the focus of the scholars on urban amenities has changed from natural factors previously to modern elements now, such as restaurants, museums and bars, because a city, after all, is man-made; (3) the theory of urban amenities is more concerned with the needs of talent and the creative class, so it is a demand oriented developmental theory, which can not only help make a city successful in economic growth but also facilitate continuous urban development. With the influence of globalization, there is a strong necessity of carrying out studies on urban amenities in China from the three aspects: (1) it has been widely proved that urban amenities have a strong relation with urban growth, and China will lose more profit if we ignore it, especially for super cities as Beijing and Shanghai. With the rapid progress of urbanization and economic development in China, more people come to urban areas, so it is of great significance to take urban amenities into consideration in the process of making developmental strategies; (2) urban planning system can also benefit from urban amenity studies, since it is concerning people's needs; (3) the Twelfth Five-year Plan of China has proposed to speed up economic restructuring from traditional industries to high-tech industries. Considering that the developmental theory of urban amenities lies in attracting human capital and technical enterprises, it may very well provide guidance for the economic restructuring of the cities in China. Above all, from the perspective of both perfecting related research and promoting urban growth, the research of urban amenities in China is needed. |
| Keywords: | enlightenment research progress urban amenity urban development |
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