| 基于模糊综合评价的粤港澳大湾区海洋沉积物中重金属污染演变历史 |
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| 引用本文： | 曲宝晓,宋金明,袁华茂. 基于模糊综合评价的粤港澳大湾区海洋沉积物中重金属污染演变历史[J]. 海洋学报, 2020, 42(10): 59-69. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.006 |
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| 作者姓名： | 曲宝晓 宋金明 袁华茂 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院海洋研究所 海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室，山东 青岛 266071 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划（2015CB452901，2015CB452902）；山东省重大科技创新工程专项课题（2018SDKJ0504-1）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA23050501）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究测定了粤港澳大湾区典型海域—大亚湾沉积物中主要重金属元素的含量水平与污染状况。利用我国海洋沉积物质量标准和模糊综合评价法，系统探讨了大亚湾海洋沉积物质量的历史演变过程，为我国大湾区可持续发展提供了科学理论支持。结果表明，大亚湾海域的重金属污染状况在过去近百年经历了3个主要变化阶段:(1)20世纪80年代之前，大部分重金属含量较低，沉积物质量处于一类等级，与重金属污染相关的生态风险较小，对沉积物生态风险贡献最高的元素为Cr，最低的为Cd；(2)1980?2000年间，大亚湾沉积物中的重金属含量明显高于背景值，表明该阶段出现了较为严重的重金属污染，使近岸海域的沉积物质量等级处于二类与三类，但大亚湾外部海域沉积物受污染影响较小，仍处于一类等级，在此期间，Cu取代Cr成为最主要的污染元素；(3)2000年以后，沉积物重金属的污染水平显著降低，生态风险迅速下降，沉积物质量等级恢复到了一类水平，Cr是这一阶段最主要的污染元素。
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| 关 键 词： | 粤港澳大湾区 大亚湾 沉积物 重金属 污染 模糊综合评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-09-17 |
Historical evolutions of metal contamination in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: A risk assessment based on the fuzzy comprehensive assessment in the Daya Bay |
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| Qu Baoxiao,Song Jinming,Yuan Huamao. Historical evolutions of metal contamination in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: A risk assessment based on the fuzzy comprehensive assessment in the Daya Bay[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica (in Chinese), 2020, 42(10): 59-69. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4193.2020.10.006 |
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| Authors: | Qu Baoxiao Song Jinming Yuan Huamao |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China2.Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China4.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China |
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| Abstract: | The metal contents in the core sediments collected from the Daya Bay, a typical marine environment in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area were measured in this study. National standard for marine sediment quality and fuzzy comprehensive assessment were applied to evaluate the historical evolution of the sediment quality in the past one hundred years. Our results indicate that the metal contamination in the bay experienced three major stages: (1) Before 1980s, the concentrations of most metals were low and the sediment quality fell into the category of class I. Accordingly, the metal risk was low in this period. Cr contributed most and Cd contributed least to the risk, respectively. (2) Between 1980 and 2000, the metal contents were significantly higher than the background values, suggesting that there was a sharp increase of metal input. The category of sediment quality fell down to class II and class III. However, the sediments in the margin areas of the Daya Bay were only slightly affected and still belonged to class I quality. Cu acted as a major metal pollutant instead of Cr in this period. (3) After the year of 2000, the metal levels and the metal risk decreased sharply. The sediment quality recovered back to class I and Cr contributed most to the risk at the time. |
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| Keywords: | Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Daya Bay sediment heavy metals pollution fuzzy comprehensive assessment |
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