长江口潮滩有机质来源的C、N稳定同位素示踪

doi:10.11821/xb200406015

PDF(1098 KB)

地理学报 ›› 2004, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (6) : 918-926. DOI: 10.11821/xb200406015

生态环境

长江口潮滩有机质来源的C、N稳定同位素示踪

刘敏¹, 侯立军², 许世远¹, 欧冬妮¹, 蒋海燕¹, 余婕¹, GardnerWayneS³

作者信息 +

Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes as Tracers to Source Organic Matter in the Yangtze Estuary

LIU Min¹, HOU Lijun², XU Shiyuan¹, OU Dongni¹, JIANG Haiyan¹, YU Jie¹, GARDNER Wayne S³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

依据长江河口潮滩自然环境特征和受人文活动影响的差异性，沿长江河口南岸潮滩选取了12个典型的监测站位，并分别于洪水季节 (7月份) 和枯水季节 (2月份) 在各监测站位进行了表层 (0~2 cm) 沉积物样品的采集。对表层沉积物有机质中稳定碳、氮同位素进行分析与测试发现，7月份稳定碳同位素值普遍低于2月份的稳定碳同位素值，其变化范围分别为 -29.8‰ ~ -23.7‰和-27.3‰ ~ -25.6‰；7月份和2月份稳定氮同位素分别为1.0‰ ~ 5.5‰和1.7‰~ 7.8‰。研究区域内，稳定碳、氮同位素的地区分布和季节变化特征揭示，有机质中的稳定碳、氮同位素组成不仅受陆源和海源有机质输入量之间消长变化的影响，同时一系列的生物地球化学过程、人为有机质的输入和沉积物粒度与叶绿素对碳、氮同位素组成均存在不同程度的改造作用。此外，利用稳定碳同位素质量平衡混合模型，还对陆源有机质输入量的贡献率进行了初步定量估算。

Abstract

In this article, we mainly focus on the geochemical characteristics of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in order to trace the source and fate of organic matter in the Yangtze estuary and its tidal flat sediments. According to the features of physical geographical environment and the discrepancy in the effects of human activities in the study area, 12 typical sampling stations were selected along the Yangtze estuarine and coastal line. Based on the analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the tidal flat superfacial sediments from the Yangtze estuary, it was found that the ratios of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes were respectively -29.80‰~-23.7‰ and 1.0‰~5.5‰ in the flood seasons, while they were -27.3‰~-25.6‰ and 1.6‰~7.7‰ in the dry seasons respectively, indicating that the seasonal distribution of discharges from the Yangtze River has significantly affected the seasonal variation of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in sedimentary organic matter. In general, the distribution of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes revealed the mixing inputs of terrigenous and marine organic matter controlled the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions in sedimentary organic matter. However, a series of physical, chemical and biogeochemical processes occurring in the local environments, to some extent, have the significant influence on the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions in organic matter.

导出引用

刘敏,侯立军,许世远,欧冬妮,蒋海燕,余婕,GardnerWayneS. 长江口潮滩有机质来源的C、N稳定同位素示踪[J]. 地理学报, 2004, 59(6): 918-926 https://doi.org/10.11821/xb200406015

LIU Min, HOU Lijun, XU Shiyuan, OU Dongni, JIANG Haiyan, YU Jie, GARDNER Wayne S. Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes as Tracers to Source Organic Matter in the Yangtze Estuary[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(6): 918-926 https://doi.org/10.11821/xb200406015

参考文献

[1] Kennedy V S. The Estuary as a Filter. London: Academic Press, 1984.

[2] Thornton S F, McManus J. Application of organic carbon and nitrogen stable isotope and C/N ratios as source indicators of organic matter provenance in estuarine systems. Coastal and Shelf Science, 1994, 38: 219-233.

[3] John W D Jr., Charles A S H et al. Estuarine Ecology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1988. 257-308.

[4] Peterson B J, Howarth R W, Garritt R H. Multiple stable isotopes used to trace the flow of organic matter in estuarine food webs. Science, 1985, 227: 1361-1363.

[5] Zhang J, Yu Z G, Liu S M et al. Dominance of terrigenous particulate organic carbon in the high-turbidity Shuangtaizihe estuary. Chemical Geology, 1997, 138: 211-219.

[6] Peterson B J. Stable isotopes as tracers of organic matter input and transfer in benthic food webs: a review. Acta Oecologica, 1999, 20(4): 479-487.

[7] Cloern J E, Canuel E A, Harris D. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of aquatic and terrestrial plants of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system. Limnlo. Oceanogr., 2002, 47(3): 713-729.

[8] Savoye N, Aminot A, Tréguer P et al. Dynamics of particulate organic matter δ15N and δ13C during spring phytoplankton blooms in a macrotidal ecosystem (Bay of Seine, France). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 2003, 255: 27-41.

[9] Andrews J E, Greenaway A M, Dennis P F. Combined carbon isotope and C/N ratios as indictors of source and fate of organic matter in a poorly flushed, tropical estuary. Coastal and Shelf Science, 1998, 46: 743-756.

[10] Goňi M A, Thomas K A. Sources and transformations of organic matter in surface soil and sediments from a tidal estuary (North Inlet, South Carolina, USA). Estuaries, 2000, 23(4): 548-564.

[11] Graham M C. A study of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope and elemental ratios as potential indicators of source and fate of organic matter in sediments of the Forth Estuary, Scotland. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2001, 52: 375-380.

[12] Goňi M A, Maria J T, Perkey D W. Sources and distribution of organic matter in a river-dominated estuary (Winyah Bay, SC, USA). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2003, 57: 1023-1048.

[13] Cifuentes L A, Sharp J H, Fogel M L. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry in the Delaware estuary. Limnol. Oceanogr., 1988, 33(5): 1102-1115.

[14] Milliman J D, Xie Q C, Yang Z S. Transport of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen from the Yangtze river to the ocean. American Journal of Science, 1984, 284: 824-834.

[15] Tan F C, Cai D L, Edmond J M. Carbon isotope geochemistry of the Changjiang estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1991, 32: 395-403.

[16] Shi G C. Stable carbon isotope in suspended organic matters from the Yangtze estuary. Marine Science Bulletin, 1993, 12(1): 49-52.
[施光春. 长江口悬浮颗粒物有机碳的稳定同位素. 海洋通报, 1993, 12(1): 49-52.]

[17] Wu Y, Zhang J, Cao J P et al. The geochemical feature of stable carbon isotope in organic matter from the Changjiang basin. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao, 2000, 30(2): 309-314.
[吴莹, 张经, 曹建平等. 长江流域有机碳同位素地球化学特征. 青岛海洋大学学报, 2000, 30(2): 309-314.]

[18] Wu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z F et al. Seasonal variability of stable carbon and nitrogen isotope of suspended particulate matt in the Changjiang River. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2002, 33(5): 546-552.
[吴莹, 张经, 张再峰等. 长江悬浮颗粒物中稳定碳、氮同位素的季节分布. 海洋与湖沼, 2002, 33(5): 546-552.]

[19] Wu Y, Zhang J, Li D J et al. Isotope variability of particulate organic matter at the PN in the East China Sea. Biogeochemistry, 2003, 65: 31-49.

[20] Liu M, Hou L J, Xu S Y et al. Phosphate adsorption characteristics of tidal flat surface sediments from the Yangtze estuary and its environmental significance. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2002, 57(4): 397-406.
[刘敏, 侯立军, 许世远等. 长江河口潮滩表层沉积物对磷酸盐的吸附特征. 地理学报, 2002, 57(4): 397-406.]

[21] Chen Z L, Xu S Y, Liu L et al. Spatial distribution and accumulation of heavy metals in tidal flat sediments of Shanghai coastal zone. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2000, 55(6): 641-651.
[陈振楼, 许世远, 柳林等. 上海滨岸潮滩沉积物重金属元素的空间分布与累积. 地理学报, 2000, 55(6): 641-651.]

[22] Cai D L. A study on geochemistry of stable carbon isotope in organic matter from Huanghe estuary. Science in China (Series B), 1993, 23(10): 1105-1113.
[蔡德陵. 黄河口区有机碳同位素地球化学研究. 中国科学(B辑), 1993, 23(10): 1105-1113.]

[23] Joye S B, Mazzotta M L, Hollibaugh J T. Community metabolism in microbial mats: the occurrence of biologically-mediated iron and manganese reduction. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1996, 43: 747-766.

[24] Matson E A, Brinson M M. Stable carbon isotopes and the C:N ratio in the estuaries of the Pamlico and Neuse rivers, North Carolina. Limnol. Oceanogr., 1990, 35(6): 1290-1300.

[25] Hedges J I, Clark W A, Quay P D et al. Compositions and fluxes of particulate organic material in the Amazon River. Limnol. Oceanogr., 1986, 31: 717-738.

[26] Hamilton S K, Lewis W M. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in algae and detritus from the Orinoco River floodplain, Venezuela. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1992, 56: 4237-4246.

[27] Middelburg J J, Nieuwenhuize J. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in suspended matter and sediments from the Scheldt Estuary. Marine Chemistry, 1998, 60: 217-225.

[28] Sherr E B. Carbon isotope composition of organic seston and sediments in a Georgia salt marsh estuary. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1982, 46: 1227-1232.

[29] Cifuentes L A, Coffins R B, Slolrzano L et al. Isotopic and elemental variations of carbon and nitrogen in a mangrove estuary. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1996, 43: 781-800.

[30] Mayer L M, Keil R G, Macko S A et al. Importance of suspended particulate in riverine delivery of bioavailable nitrogen to coastal zones. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 1998, 12(4): 573-579.

[31] Sigleo, A C, Macko S A. Carbon and nitrogen isotopes in suspended particles and colloids, Chesapeake and San Francisco Estuaries, USA. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2002, 54: 701-711.

[32] Hobbie J E, Larsson U, Elmgren R et al. Sewage derived 15N in the Baltic traced in Fucus. Eos., 1990, 71: 190.

[33] Mariotti A, Lancelot C, Billen G. Natural isotopic composition of nitrogen as a tracer of origin for suspended organic matter in the Scheldt estuary. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1984, 48: 549-555.

[34] Owens N J P. Variation in the natural abundance of 15N in estuarine suspended particulate matter: a specific indicator of biological processing. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1985, 20: 820-825.

[35] Liu M, Hou L J, Xu S Y et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus diffusive fluxes across sediment-water interface in estuarine and coastal tidal flats. Marine Environmental Science, 2001, 20(3): 19-23.
[刘敏, 侯立军, 许世远等. 河口滨岸潮滩沉积物-水界面N、P的扩散通量. 海洋环境科学, 2001, 20(3): 19-23.]

[36] Riera P, Stal L J, Nieuwenhuize J. Heavy δ15N in intertidal benthic algae and invertebrates in the scheldt estuary (the Netherlands): effect of river nitrogen inputs. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2000, 51: 365-372.

[37] Sheng H T, Zhang C, Mao Z C. Patterns of variation in the water and sediment flux from the Changjiang river to the estuary. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 2000, 31(3): 288-294.
[沈焕庭, 张超, 茅志昌. 长江入河口区水沙通量变化规律. 海洋与湖沼, 2000, 31(3): 288-294.]