Abstract: Based on an analysis of the development process of ecological hydrology,the object,content and methodology of eco-hydrogeological research are discussed. Eco-hydrogeology is a new discipline formed by interpenetration and integration of ecology and hydrogeology and a theoretical foundation for the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources. At present,the main tasks of the eco-hydrogeology in China are the quantitative description of the ecological situation,relation between hydrogeological conditions and ecological situation,mechanism of moisture transform at multiple interfaces and its ecological effect,impacts of climatic changes and ecological effects of various physical and chemical processes of groundwater in aquifers on groundwater and its ecological response. Eco-hydrogeology will certainly play an important role in carrying out the strategy of sustainable development in China.