Joint retrieval of near space temperature profiles based on the atmospheric and near-infrared atmospheric bands of O2 airglow
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摘要:
临近空间大气温度廓线信息对于支撑临近空间开发与利用具有重要的学术意义和工程价值.基于O2分子气辉光谱理论及大气辐射传输机理提出了利用O2大气带及近红外大气带气辉光谱信号联合反演临近空间温度廓线的方法.利用"剥洋葱"算法, 处理扫描成像吸收光谱仪(SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY, SCIAMACHY)在临边观测模式下测量得到的O2(a1Δg)波段和O2(b1∑g+)波段的气辉辐射光谱信号, 采用最优化算法分别反演得到了50~110 km以及80~130 km的温度廓线信息, 并通过与宽带辐射大气测量仪(Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry, SABER)、大气化学实验傅里叶变换光谱仪(Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer, ACE-FTS)、迈克尔逊被动大气探测干涉仪(Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, MIPAS)等遥感卫星的温度产品数据对比, 验证了O2(a1Δg)波段和O2(b1∑g+)波段气辉反演温度的可靠性与合理性.研究结果表明, 利用O2大气带及近红外大气带气辉联合反演温度可以有效覆盖中间层-低热层的临近空间区域(50~130 km); O2(a1Δg)及O2(b1∑g+)波段气辉光谱在80~100 km高度范围内存在交叠区域, 温度反演结果的相关系数优于99.9%;自吸收效应与大气散射, 以及光谱污染及信噪比降低分别是导致50以下及130 km以上区域温度反演结果出现偏差的主要原因.
Abstract:The atmospheric temperature profile information of near space has important academic significance and engineering value for supporting the development and utilization of near space. Based on the theory of O2 airglow spectroscopy and the mechanism of atmospheric radiation transfer, a method is proposed to jointly retrieve near space temperature profiles using O2 atmospheric and near-infrared atmospheric band airglow spectral signals. Using the "onion-peeling" algorithm, we process the airglow radiation spectral signals in the O2(a1Δg) and O2(b1∑g+) bands measured by the SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) in the limb-viewing mode, and retrieve them using the optimization algorithm to obtain the temperature profiles in the ranges of 50~110 km and 80~130 km, respectively. The reliability and rationality of temperature from the airglow retrieval in the O2(a1Δg) and O2(b1∑g+) bands are verified by comparing the data from remote sensing satellites such as Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER), Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS). The results indicate that the joint retrieval of temperature using O2 atmospheric band and near-infrared atmospheric band airglow can effectively cover the near space of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere (50~130 km). The O2(a1Δg) and O2(b1∑g+) bands have overlapping regions in the altitude range of 80~100 km, and the correlation coefficient of temperature retrieval results is better than 99.9%. Self-absorption effect and atmospheric scattering, spectral pollution and signal-to-noise ratio decrease are the main reasons for the deviation of temperature retrieval results in the region below 50 km and above 130 km, respectively.
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图 1
在100 K和400 K两种不同温度下O2分子的气辉辐射光谱
Figure 1.
O2 airglow radiation spectrum at two different temperatures of 100 K and 400 K
图 3
O2分子气辉在不同切线高度下的气辉光谱辐射强度
Figure 3.
O2 airglow spectral radiation intensity at different tangent heights
图 4
O2分子气辉不同目标层的气辉光谱辐射效率
Figure 4.
O2 airglow spectral radiation efficiency at different target layers
图 5
O2分子气辉在不同切线高度下气辉辐射实测光谱与模拟光谱的拟合结果和残差
Figure 5.
Fitting results and residuals of measured and simulated radiation spectra of O2 airglow at different tangent heights
图 6
SCIAMACHY O2(a1Δg)波段及O2(b1∑g+)波段气辉反演温度结果与SABER温度廓线对比
Figure 6.
SCIAMACHY temperature retrieval results using O2(a1Δg) band and O2(b1∑g+) band airglow compared with SABER temperature profiles
图 7
SCIAMACHY O2(a1Δg)波段及O2(b1∑g+)波段气辉反演温度结果与ACE-FTS温度廓线对比
Figure 7.
SCIAMACHY temperature retrieval results using O2(a1Δg) band and O2(b1∑g+) band airglow compared with ACE-FTS temperature profiles
图 8
SCIAMACHY O2(a1Δg)波段和O2(b1∑g+)波段气辉联合反演温度结果与ACE-FTS温度廓线对比
Figure 8.
SCIAMACHY temperature joint retrieval results using O2(a1Δg) band and O2(b1∑g+) band airglow compared with ACE-FTS temperature profiles
图 9
SCIAMACHY O2(a1Δg)波段和O2(b1∑g+)波段气辉联合反演温度和MIPAS纬向对比
Figure 9.
SCIAMACHY joint retrieval temperature results using O2(a1Δg) band and O2(b1∑g+) band airglow compared with MIPAS temperature profiles in latitude direction
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