Karamaili strike-slipping fault and deformational sequence since Late Plaeozoic in the northern Xinjiang
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摘要:
大型走滑断裂构造是大陆地壳内部基本的构造变形样式，通常是大陆地壳形成的标志。卡拉麦里构造带是新疆东准地区构造演化研究的重要构造单元。前人的研究认为卡拉麦里构造带是板块碰撞形成的缝合带。本文结合野外考察、构造分析和年代学工作认为，该构造带主要反映了走滑构造带的特点。在遥感影像上，卡拉麦里构造带呈断续的线状延伸特征。地震剖面上，卡拉麦里断裂带主断面产状近于直立向下延伸至基底，与一般张性断层、压性逆冲断层所显示的上陡下缓的铲状特征截然不同。野外考察显示，该构造带发育密集而陡立劈理，主断面附近劈理面倾角近于直立，在相对较浅层次的地层上，劈理面成花状散开，体现花状构造的特点。卡拉麦里构造带内的石炭系、泥盆系地层以及蛇绿岩系受到强烈改造，超糜棱岩化、糜棱岩化、千枚岩化现象普遍。糜棱岩中，硅质岩透镜体拖尾指示右旋走滑特征，与同构造岩脉次级张裂面指示的结果相一致。结合前人研究资料以及地层变形证据，可以推断构造带活动时限为270~260Ma。因此，卡拉麦里构造带是一条在晚古生代-早中生代活动的右旋剪切走滑构造带，准东地区与卡拉麦里构造带相关的缝合带确认，必须以卡拉麦里走滑构造带性质的准确厘定为基础。卡拉麦里构造二叠纪时期的走滑活动性质的确定，指示新疆北部二叠纪大陆地壳已经形成，而且，新疆北部后期叠加构造变形序次研究也显示具有大区域上的共性，指示新疆北部二叠纪以来进入基本统一大陆内部构造演化阶段。
Abstract:Large-scale strike-slip shearing is the primary style of continental deformation, so the development of the large-scale strike-slip fault indicates to a great extent the formation of continental crust with enough shear strength.As an important tectonic unit in the northern Xinjiang, Kalamaili tectonic belt used to be considered as a Paleozoic suture, though under dispute.The Karamaili strike-slip fault extends as an intermittent fault broken by late faulting on the remote sensing images.The fault is nearly perpendicular to the floor in the field with intensive and steep cleavages, as well as shown on the seismic profile.Flower structures are popularly revealed by cleavages in the geological section.The Carboniferous, Devonian strata and ophiolite were reconstructed strongly by shear faulting with phyllitization and mylonization.Subtension fracture in synpegmatite body and the direction of phacoidal siliceous sandstone indicate that the Karamaili strike-slip fault is a dextral shearing belt.Some evidences can used to infer that the Karamaili strike-slip fault was formed at the interval of 270~260Ma.We conclude that the Karamaili fault is a Late Paleozoic dextral strike-slip shearing fault.The Karamaili strike-slip shearing zone should be taken into consideration while it is considered to be a Late Paleozoic sutures in East Junggar basin.There are indications that there is a relative mature continent in northern Xinjiang since Permian due to large shearing zones dominate the tectonic evolution of an integrated continent.In the paper, different deformation sequence is also established on the basis of the intersected or cutting relationship of faults since Late Paleozoic.
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Key words:
- Late Paleozoic /
- Strike-slip fault /
- Karamaili /
- Continental crust /
- Northern Xinjiang
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图 1
东准噶尔及其邻区地质简图 (据新疆自治区地质矿产局，19851，有修改)
Figure 1.
The sketch geological map of eastern Junggar and adjacent area
图 5
东准噶尔地区卡拉麦里走滑构造带照片
Figure 5.
The pictures of Karamaili strike-slipping structure belt, eastern Junggar
图 6
东准噶尔地区遥感影像及构造解译图
Figure 6.
Remote sensing image and structural interpretation of eastern Junggar
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