基于FS系统对乌鲁木齐VLBI射电望远镜进行天线测量

在天文观测中射电望远镜性能参数的好坏直接影响到观测数据质量,为了保证观测质量,提高观测效率,需要对天线性能进行测量.当前进行天线测量的方法有场地测量法和射电天文法,不同的方法应用范围和效果不同.对于大型天线而言采用射电天文法进行天线测量高效快捷.针对VLBI射电望远镜,介绍了使用终端FS系统对天线参数进行测量（基于射电天文法）的方法和过程,以乌鲁木齐南山25 m天线增益和指向精度测量作为范例,重点叙述了测量的方法和步骤,并对该方法进行了讨论.

Measurement of the Antenna Characteristics of the VLBI Radio Telescope of the Urumqi Station

The performances of a radio telescope affect the quality of data recorded by it. To improve data quality antenna characteristics of a radio telescope need to be measured. Current methods of measuring antenna characteristics include the Standard Site Method and the Radio Observation Method, which are suitable for different systems. The Radio Observation Method is highly efficient and fast in measuring large antennas. In this paper we first describe the procedures of calibrating an antenna of a VLBI radio telescope with a terminal FS （Field System）. The procedures are based on the Radio Observation Method. As an application of the procedures, we apply these for measuring gain values and pointing errors of the antenna of the 25m radio telescope of the Urumqi Station. We particularly describe the implementation methods and steps of the measurement. We finally discuss the procedures based on the measurement results.