含盐沉积盆地挤压盐构造及其对油气成藏的意义

挤压盐构造是在区域挤压应力场作用下形成的一种重要的盐构造类型，对沉积盆地内油气的生成、运移和圈闭成藏等具有重要的影响。在过去几十年内，挤压盐构造研究取得了重要进展，有效指导了挤压型含盐沉积盆地油气藏勘探。在综合分析盐岩物理特性、挤压盐构造变形演化，以及盐构造形成对油气成藏分布影响的基础上，探讨了挤压盐构造变形演化特征，分析了国内外典型含盐褶皱冲断带及其油气成藏特征；通过对比国内外含盐褶皱冲断带盐构造及典型油气藏，总结出国内外典型的含盐褶皱冲断带盐岩层均参与了构造变形，使得由造山带向盆地腹地，构造变形由强烈基底卷入逆冲推覆变形逐步过渡到薄皮滑脱褶皱变形，并影响褶皱冲断带内油气成藏的分布。最后，分析了目前我国含盐褶皱冲断带盐构造研究存在的问题以及未来盐构造研究方向。 

Compressional salt structures of salt-bearing sedimentary basins and its significance to hydrocarbon accumulation

The compressional salt structure is an important type of salt structure formed under the action of regional compressional stress field, which plays an important role in the generation, migration and trap accumulation of oil and gas in sedimentary basins.In the past few decades, important progress has been made in the study of compressional salt structures, which effectively guides the exploration of oil and gas reservoirs in compressional salt sedimentary basins.Based on the physical characteristics of salt rocks, deformation evolution of compressional salt structure and its influence on hydrocarbon accumulation distribution, this paper discusses the deformation evolution characteristics of compressional salt structure, and analyzes the typical salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt at home and abroad and their hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics.And by comparing the domestic and foreign salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt and typical oil and gas reservoirs, it summarizes that the domestic and foreign typical salt gypsum layers salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt are involved in the tectonic deformation, made from the orogenic belt to the basin in the hinterland, tectonic deformation by the strong basement involved in thrust nappe deformation gradually transition to the thin skin decollement fold deformation, and affect the distribution of hydrocarbon accumulation in the fold thrust belts.Finally, the existing problems and future research directions of salt structure in the salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt in China are analyzed.