复方中草药对虹鳟免疫保护力的影响

【目的】研究复方中草药对虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)肝脏免疫功能及肠道免疫相关基因的影响。【方法】将红枣提取物、山药提取物和黄芪提取物按照质量比1∶1∶1混合,分别按质量分数0(对照)、0.3%、0.6%和1.2%添加到虹鳟基础饲料中,饲喂体长7.6~8.9 cm的虹鳟幼鱼56 d。用副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)对幼鱼进行攻毒试验(5.48×10⁶ cfu/尾),4 d后,取其肝脏和肠道,测定肝脏的生理生化指标,用半定量PCR及荧光定量PCR测定肠道免疫相关基因的表达。【结果】与对照组比较,肝脏的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05),溶菌酶(LZM)水平极显著升高(P<0.01),酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著降低(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性极显著降低(P<0.01),0.6%剂量组的丙二醛(MDA)极显著降低(P<0.01),而SOD无显著差异(P>0.05);各复方中草药组肠道的肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)及1.2%剂量组转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)转录水平极显著降低(P<0.01),0.3%和0.6%剂量组的补体3(C3)转录水平显著升高(P<0.05)。【结论】复方中草药(红枣+山药+黄芪)可提高感染副溶血弧菌的虹鳟非特异性免疫功能。

Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound on Immune Protection of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

【Objective】The aim of this study is to study the effect of Chinese herbal compound(CHC)on liver immune function and intestinal immune-related genes of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss).【Method】Juvenile rainbow trout with a body length of 7.6-8.9 cm were fed the diets containing CHC prepared by jujube,yam and astragalus extracts(20∶1)in equal proportion at a dose of 0,0.3%,0.6%and 1.2%for 56 d,and then were injected with Vibrio parahemolyticus(5.48×10⁶ cfu/ind).Four days after injection,physiological and biochemical indexes in the liver and the expressions of immune related genes in the intestine were detected by semi-quantitative PCR and qPCR.【Results】Compared with the control,T-AOC and LZM activity were significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01,),and the acid phosphatase(ACP),catalase(CAT),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activities were decreased(P<0.05),and the MDA level in 0.6%group was also decreased(P<0.01);while SOD was not changed(P>0.05);expressions of TNF-αgene in the intestine of CHC groups and TGF-βgene in 1.2%group were significantly decreased(P<0.01),while C3 in 0.3%and 0.6%groups were increased(P<0.05).【Conclusion】CHC(jujube+yam+astragalus)can improve the nonspecific immune function level of rainbow trouts infected with Vibrio parahemolyticus.