北斗在南/北极地区的基本定位性能评估

基于BDS、GPS系统的星座结构，对当前的BDS二代导航系统（BD2）、全部建成后的BDS系统在极地科考站（黄河站、昆仑站、中山站、长城站）和北极圈的可见卫星数、DOP值、定位精度等进行评估，并将建成后的BDS、GPS及其组合系统在南/北极的基本定位性能进行对比分析。仿真结果表明，当前的BD2只实现了极地的部分覆盖，对极地提供导航定位的能力有限，大范围内的定位精度大于30.0 m； BDS在极地的定位精度将与GPS相当，可见卫星数可达13颗左右，PDOP值优于1.6，定位精度优于8.0 m；GPS/BDS组合后在极地的PDOP值优于1.4，定位精度优于6.0 m。

Preliminary Assessment of Positioning Performance of BDS Navigation System in North and South Polar Regions

With the prominence of the strategic position of the Antarctic and Arctic and the development of the polar regions, people’s demand for polar navigation and positioning gradually increased. Based on the constellation structure of the current BDS system (BD2), complete BDS system (BDS) and GPS system, this paper evaluates the number of visible satellites, DOP value and positioning accuracy of the BD2, BDS system in the polar research stations (Yellow river station, Kunlun station, Zhongshan station, Great Wall station) and the Arctic circle. BDS, GPS and its combination system in the north and south pole positioning performance are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the current BDS system (BD2) only partially covers the polar regions, the ability to provide navigation and positioning to the polar regions is limited, and the positioning accuracy is greater than 30 m in a wide range. The positioning accuracy of the complete BDS system (BDS) in the polar region is comparable to that of the GPS system, the number of visible satellites can reach about 13, PDOP value can reach 1.6, and the positioning accuracy is better than 8 m. The PDOP value of GPS/BDS combination system in the polar region can reach 1.4, and the positioning accuracy is better than 6.0 m.