基于Gauss-Listing大地水准面定义的地球重力场模型评价方法

提出一种基于Gauss-Listing大地水准面经典定义的地球重力场模型评价方法。该方法依据经典大地水准面为重力等位面的特性，选取某大地水准面为参考面，计算不同地球重力场模型在该参考面上的重力位标准差，以此作为不同模型相对优劣的评价指标。利用该方法对不同地球重力场模型以及同一重力场模型在不同区域的精度进行评价，结果表明，EGM96模型、 OSU91A模型的大地水准面精度分别为±11.1 cm、±14.3 cm，EGM2008模型、EIGEN-6C4模型分别为±8.8 cm、±8.9 cm，说明后2个模型的精度相当，且优于前2个模型。该模型评价方法的研究结果显示，对于某全球大地水准面，EGM2008模型和EIGEN-6C4模型的大地水准面精度分别为±11.3 cm和±14.1 cm，即在cm级精度上EGM2008模型略优。

An Approach to Evaluating Earth Gravitational Models (EGM) Based on Gauss-Listing Geoid Definition

This paper proposes an approach to evaluating earth gravitational models (EGM) based on Gauss-Listing classic geoid definition. The classic geoid is defined as an equigeopotential surface. Using this characteristic, we select a geoid as reference surface, then calculate the gravity potentials of different EGMs on the surface, and build an index of gravity potential standard deviation to evaluate EGMs. The goal is to evaluate the theoretical compliance ability of different EGMs and the same EGM applied in different areas of the earth. The results show that the geoid precision of EGM96 and OSU91A are respectively ±11.1 cm and ±14.3 cm, which means that the precision of EGM96 is better than former. Further, the geoid precision of EGM2008, and EIGEN-6C4 are respectively ±8.8 cm and ±8.9 cm, which means their precision is similar. This is consistent with existing research conclusions. However, the geoid precisions of EGM2008 and EIGEN-6C4 are respectively ±11.3 cm and ±11.4 cm for a global geoid, which means that the precision of EGM2008 is slightly better than former.