IKONOS等高分辨率遥感技术的发展与应用分析

对以IKONOS卫星为代表的高分辨率卫星遥感技术的发展作了分析,分析了米级分辨率卫星遥感技术在20世纪90年代中后期能快速发展的原因：首先,随着“冷战”的结束,国际政治形势出现了新变化,原来被各国军事部门限制的高分辨率卫星遥感技术逐渐解禁。第二,由于技术科学的发展,特别是军事部门在高分辨率卫星遥感技术方面已历经摸索、试验期,为该技术的大范围应用创造了条件。第三,20世纪90年代之前,卫星遥感资料的用户主要是政府部门。但进入90年代以后,经济的飞速发展使得卫星遥感资料的使用者范围逐渐扩大,对卫星遥感数据的需求量日益增加,这为卫星遥感技术创造了商业化运作条件。另外分析了高分辨率卫星遥感数据的应用领域,包括测绘、城市规划、土地管理、环境、农业等部门,并就具体的应用前景提出见解。最后,结合高分辨率卫星遥感数据的特点,对遥感数据分类技术和数据共享问题作了探讨。

Study on the Progress and Application of High Resolution Remote Sensing Technology

Based upon a detailed analysis of the technical progress of high resolution satellite remote sensingrepresented by IKONOS,we have found out three reasons why the satellite remote sensing technology with me-ter resolution was so rapidly developed in the 1990s.Firstly,the international political situation experienced adramatic change with the end of the Cold War,resulting in the ban-lift of this technology,which was strictlylimited to the military departments in various countries.Secondly,the general development of science and tech-nology,and especially the efforts in probing into and testing of the high resolution satellite remote sensing tech-nology by the military departments,have provided favorable conditions for wide spread application of this tech-nology.Thirdly,the increase of users of this technology and the demand of remote sensing data has made it pos-sible for this technology to be commercialized.We hold that the high resolution remote sensing can be widelyapplied to such fields as mapping,urban planning,land management,environmental protection and agriculturaldevelopment.Some insights about the application prospects of this technology have been put forward.Finally,adiscussion about techniques of classification in remote sensing and data sharing is also carried out in combina-tion with the features of such data.