20世纪90年代中国东西部土地利用变化时空特征分析

在覆盖全国的1km栅格土地利用本底与动态成分数据时空信息平台支持下,应用土地利用动态度模型,分别计算了全国及东西部地区土地利用一级类型的单一和综合动态度,并分析了土地利用动态度的空间格局。通过分析东西部土地利用类型变化特征和土地利用类型转换特征,对20世纪90年代中国东西部土地利用变化过程的时空特征进行了全面分析,揭示了东西部地区土地利用变化的时空规律。并对主要土地利用类型变化的原因进行了分析。

Analysis of the Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Land-use Change in the Eastern and Western Parts of China in the 1990s

The author reviewed the research activities of remote sensing dynamic investigation of resources and environment in China carried out since the reform and open policy. Supported by the spatial-temporal information platform of 1km land-use background and dynamic grid data and land-use dynamic degree models, this paper calculated the single and integrated land-use dynamic degrees of whole China and the eastern and western parts of China. The integrated dynamic degree' s spatial distribution shows that the dynamic degree of the eastern part of China is higher than that of the western, and in the eastern part the dynamic degree of southeast coastal area, lower Yangtze River Plain, northern part of the North China Plain and Northeast China Plain is higher and that of South China, middle and southern part of North China Plain is very low, in the western part of China, the dynamic degree of the middle and eastern parts of Inner Mongolia is very high, and that of the western part of Xinjiang, Sichuan and Yunnan is also relatively high, however, that of Tibetan Plateau, western part of Inner Mongolia is very low. Furthermore, we studied the spatial-temporal dynamic change of land-use in the eastern and western parts of China during 1990~2000, based on the analysis of basic characters of land-use change and land-use conversion characters. The result showns that in the research period the cropland, town and rural area and water body area increased in the eastern and western parts of China, and the increasingspeed of cropland in the western part is higher than that in the eastern part. It also shows that the woodland and grassland area in the eastern and western parts of China decreased in the past ten years, and the decreasing speed of woodland and grassland in the eastern part is higher than that of western part. We also found that the unused land in the eastern part of China decreased in the research period, however, that of the western part of China increased in the same research period.