柳州市汽车制造业企业的空间格局与影响因素

中国是世界汽车生产大国,产销量已连续9年蝉联世界第一,然而有关汽车产业的研究更多集中在区域尺度,对城市尺度的研究相对较少。本文以柳州市为案例,利用工商注册企业数据和核密度估计、负二项回归模型等方法分析了柳州市汽车制造业企业的空间格局与影响因素。结果表明：① 汽车制造业企业主要集中在河西、洛维、河东、阳和等城市组团,企业集聚范围逐步向东、向西扩散,其中向东扩散以柳东新区为主,向西扩散以河西高新技术产业开发区为主;② 汽车制造业企业在距离市中心0~11 km显著集聚,空间集聚强度呈现先增加后减小的趋势;③ 土地价格、交通条件、地方化经济、政策是影响汽车制造业企业区位选择和空间格局的重要因素;同时,汽车制造业JIT（Justin Time）生产方式也具有重要影响。在此基础上,提出汽车制造业企业区位选择和空间格局形成的循环累积机制、区位临近机制、价格传导机制。

The Spatial Distribution of Automobile Manufacturing Enterprises and its Influencing Factors in Liuzhou

China is a world leader in automobile production, and its production and sales has ranked first in the world for nine consecutive years. However, research on the automobile industry is more concentrated on the regional scale, and research on the urban scale is relatively rare. This paper takes Liuzhou City as a case, and analyzes the spatial distribution and influencing factors of Liuzhou automobile manufacturing enterprises by using micro-enterprise data, nuclear density estimation and negative binomial regression model. The results show that: (1) The automobile manufacturing enterprises are mainly concentrated in Hexi, Luowei, Hedong and Yanghe groups in Liuzhou City. The scope of corporate agglomeration gradually spreads to the east and west sides. The eastward diffusion is mainly in Liudong new district and the westward diffusion is mainly in the Hexihigh-tech industrial development area in Liuzhou City. (2) The automobile manufacturing enterprises in Liuzhou City have a significant agglomeration in the spatial distribution within the range of 0~11 km, and the intensity of spatial agglomeration first increases and then decreases. (3) Land price and traffic conditions, localization economy and policy factors have significant impacts on the spatial distribution of automobile manufacturing enterprises in Liuzhou City. At the same Time, JIT (Just in Time) production mode of automobile manufacturing also has an important influence. On this basis, the circular accumulation mechanism, location proximity mechanism and price transmission mechanism of location selection and spatial distribution of automobile manufacturing enterprises are proposed.