粤港澳大湾区建设用地扩张与城市热岛扩张耦合态势研究

深入研究粤港澳大湾区建设用地扩张与城市热岛扩张的耦合态势,对改善大湾区生态环境、实现城市化的健康发展,具有重要的意义和科学价值。本文以粤港澳大湾区为研究区域,选取2000、2008和2016年的遥感影像数据和地表温度数据,提取大湾区的建设用地、划分城市热岛强度等级、识别城市热岛区域;在此基础上,使用总体耦合态势和空间耦合特征两种模型揭示大湾区在不同时期建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张的耦合关系。结果表明：① 2000-2016年,粤港澳大湾区的建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张趋势具有同步性;② 城市热岛区域面积不断增加,在珠江口两岸逐步形成了连接中山-佛山-广州-东莞-深圳-香港,大范围分布的倒“U”形城市热岛条带;③ 大湾区建设用地与城市热岛的总体耦合态势处于不断加强的过程,至2016年,两类指标的重心距离达到研究期内的最小距离,此时的总体耦合态势最强;④ 研究期内,大湾区未出现建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张严重失调情况,建设用地扩张和城市热岛扩张耦合类型以耦合型、基本耦合型以及轻度不耦合型为主,空间耦合程度高。

The Coupling Between Construction Land Expansion and Urban Heat Island Expansion in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay

To study the coupling between construction land expansion and urban heat island（UHI）expansion in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay, it is of great significance and scientific value to improve the ecological environment of the Greater Bay and realize the healthy development of urbanization. In this paper, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay was used as the research area. We selected remote sensing image data and surface temperature data in 2000, 2008 and 2016 to extract construction land in the Greater Bay, classify heat island intensity level and identify UHI regions. Then this paper used overall coupling model and spatial coupling model to reveal the coupling relationship between the construction land expansion and UHI expansion of the Greater Bay in different periods. The overall coupling situation was reflected by measuring the spatial overlap and change track consistency of land expansion and UHI expansion. And the spatial coupling relationship between the land expansion and UHI expansion was studied by using the revised coordination coefficient model. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2016, the trend of construction land expansion and UHI expansion in the Greater Bay was synchronous. And the expansion rate between 2008 and 2016 was faster than that from 2000 to 2008; (2) The area of UHI increased constantly, and multiple UHI centers appeared. On the two sides of the Pearl River Estuary, an inverted "U" shaped UHI belt has been formed, which linked Zhongshan, Foshan, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Shenzhen and Hongkong; (3) The overall coupling situation of the construction land expansion and UHI in the Greater Bay was constantly strengthening. By 2016, the distance between the gravity center of the two types of indexes reached the nearest distance in the study period, and the overall coupling situation was also the greatest at this time. (4) During the research period, there was no serious imbalance of construction land expansion and UHI expansion in the Greater Bay. In the two types of index coupling types in the Greater Bay area, the space coupling categories of construction land expansion and UHI expansion were mainly coupling category, approximate coupling category and slightly uncoupling category. The degree of space coupling was high. And there was little change in the number of each category, but the number of "double high" coupled units was greatly increased.