政区多粒度时空对象建模及其Geodatabase实现

全空间信息系统是将现实世界抽象为由多粒度时空对象组成的数据世界,对动态且复杂的现实世界中的各类时空实体对象进行表达、分析等。时空数据模型是时态地理信息系统（TGIS）核心,在一些特定领域上取得了较好的应用效果,对时空对象的时态信息进行了一定程度的表达,但仍旧无法完整地描述时空对象的变化以及联系。本文在分析时空数据模型的研究现状和存在问题的基础上,以全空间多粒度时空对象建模为指导思想,以北京近百年来的政区演变为例,分析了政区的基本特征,进而将政区看作是多粒度时空对象,探索了多粒度时空对象的建模方法,对政区进行了多粒度时空对象表达,并采用可视化表达的方法进行了实验验证。结果表明：多粒度时空对象建模能较好地反映政区的空间特征、属性特征和时间特征,反映其在时空上的演变过程以及便于更好地支持时空对象的查询、分析和可视化表达等。

Modeling Spatio-temporal Object of Multi-granularity for District and Its Implementation by Geodatabase

The pan-spatial information system is a world of data that abstracts the real world into spatio-temporal objects of multi-granularity. Various types of spatio-temporal entities and objects in the dynamic and complex real world can be expressed, analyzed, queried and so on. Spatio-temporal data model is the key of temporal GIS. Moreover, it has achieved better application in some special fields and expressed the temporal information and temporal object at certain degree. However, it still cannot completely describe the relationship and diversification of spatio-temporal object. We took the modeling of pan-spatio-temporal objects of multi-granularity as guiding ideology based on the analysis of the current status and existing problems of spatio-temporal data model. We took Beijing district as an example and analyzed the characteristics of the district and took it as a multi-granularity spatial-temporal object. The modeling method of spatio-temporal object of multi-granularity is explored, and the spatio-temporal object of multi-granularity is expressed in the political area and verified by visual expression method. In conclusion, the modeling of spatio-temporal object of multi-granularity can better reflect the spatial, temporal and attribute characteristics of the district . It also reflects its evolution in time and space, and facilitate the query, analysis and visualization of spatial-temporal objects.