基于房产空间数据的楼宇空间疏散路径建模研究

紧急情况下人员快速、安全疏散是室内空间智能化导航和路径规划服务的研究热点.本文采用房产空间管理数据为数据源,以“路径”和“节点”为关键要素,设计了楼宇空间路径模型,用以表达楼宇内部的空间关系及拓扑结构.基于此模型进一步研究了用于紧急疏散的楼宇路径构建算法,论述了构建“单楼层”和“多楼层”路径过程中走廊(过道)路径提取、...

Estate Spatial Data Based Building Space Modeling for the Evacuation Route

The complex internal structure of modern architecture（especially buildings） which results in difficulty in fast and safe evacuation is a hotspot of indoor space intelligent navigation and path planning services currently.Based on the analysis of building data features and existing data resources,this article firstly explained the reason why it is better to choose estate spatial management data as the source.Then,an applicable building construction modeling method for emergency evacuation was developed as a foundation by establishing the mapping relationship between geographic entities and their topological expression.The data model uses ＂node＂ and ＂path＂ to express the spatial relationships and topology structure of building components,and each space entities（e.g.,room,corridor） composing of the evacuating route were mapped into the ＂node＂ or ＂path＂ in the data model.After that,the whole process of modeling space route in buildings was addressed by two key steps： 1） the single floor route models were modeled,and were used to express the inner route of each floor;2） the single floor route models were connected and the multi-floors route models were generated to express the inner route of whole building.Furthermore,some key methods including path extraction of corridor using Delaunay triangulation algorithm with constrained edge,fusion of room nodes（including elevator room,cubicle,etc.） into the ＇path＇,and three-dimensional route model construction from single floor to multi-floors,which were used to modeling space route,were illustrated in details.Finally,a prototype system was constructed and the New City Square in Long Jiang area,Nanjing was chosen as a case of study,and the whole building space was constructed according to the modeling method mentioned above.By integrating of the existing path-finding algorithm which named Dijkstra algorithm,the practicality of this modeling method is verified,which shows that the building space modeling method based on estate spatial data can well support evacuation route design.