川西高原马尔康旅游气候舒适度分析与评价

为了更好地发展旅游事业,在对马尔康旅游资源做出具体规划的同时,对当地的气候资源特征进行分析与评价。利用马尔康县气象站1966~2005年逐日气温、相对湿度、风速、降水量等观测资料,计算当地温湿指数、风寒指数、着衣指数、综合舒适指数等,进而对旅游气候舒适度进行定量分析与评价。研究结果表明:(1)马尔康地区温湿指数和风寒指数分别在7、8月份达最大值,着衣指数在7月份达最小值,人体在7月份感觉最舒适;(2)40a间,马尔康地区温湿指数,风寒指数和着衣指数总体变化较稳定,个别年份波动较大;(3)1966~1990年,舒适天数基本在125d左右波动;受全球变暖影响,1990~2005年马尔康舒适天数呈明显波动上升趋势。这说明马尔康夏季为最适宜旅游季节,全年大概有120d非常适宜旅游,旅游资源丰富,且气候变化对当地旅游资源开发有明显促进作用。

Evaluation of Tourism Climate Comfort Degree in Barkam

In order to the tourism development, we make specific plan on tourism resources. We analyzed and evaluat- ed the characteristics of the local climatic resources. According to the meteorological data of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and precipitation between the years of 1966 and 2005 in Barkam, we figured out the THI （Temperature-Humidity Index）, WCI （Wind-Chill. Index）, ICL （Index of Clothing） and CCI （Comprehensive- Comfort Index）, further quantitative analyzed and evaluated on tourism climate comfort index. Results showed that： （1） The THI and WCI reaches maximum in July and August, ICL reaches minimum in July, and people feel most comfortable in July; （2） In 40a, THI, WCI and ICL of Barkam overall fluctuation is stable, but increases fluctuant occasionally; （3） In 1966 - 1990, the comfortable days is around 125d, affected by global warming, the comfortable days keeps a fluctuant upward trend between the years 1990 - 2005. This indicates that summer is the most suitable season for tourism throughout the year, and about 120d is fit for travel, and the tourism resources is rich in Barkam. The promoting effect of climate change on the local tourism resources is obvious in Barkam.