弯线地震技术在黄土高原区煤田中的应用分析—以山西省河东煤矿为例

黄土高原地区一直是地震勘探攻克的难点，主要原因是黄土层较厚、干燥松散，潜水位较深，地震波被强烈的吸收衰减，激发和接收条件极差，难以获得信噪比较高的地震剖面，达不到解决地质问题的能力。通过在山西河东煤田石楼普查区采用避开巨厚黄土层，沿沟谷布设炮、检波点弯线地震方案，不但获得质量较高的地震剖面，达到地震勘探的效果，而且提高施工效率节约了勘探成本，但是弯线地震勘探受沟谷走向及弯曲程度影响，造成地下共反射点离散，影响剖面叠加效果，易产生地质假象，为保证地震剖面的真实性，需从采集和处理2方面控制炮、检波点的分散范围。

Application of Curved Lines Seismic Technology in Coal Mines in Loess Plateau Region

The Loess Plateau has always been difficult to use sesimic technology due to its thick, dry and loose layer of loess, deep phreatic, strong attenuation of seismic waves, and poor condition for shooting and receiving. it is difficult to obtain seismic profile with high signal-to-noise ratio and solve geological problems. In Shilou surveying area of Hedong coal mine in Shanxi province, by avoiding thick layer of loess, placing guns along the valley and curved lines of seismic geophone program, high quality seismic profiles can be obtained and seismic exploration results be gained, construction efficiency be reached and exploration costs be solved. But due to the curved line of seismic exploration and influence degree of bending toward the valley, underground discrete reflection points have been formed, the superposition effect has been affected, and geological false appearances can be caused easily. In order to ensure authenticity of seismic profiles, dispersion range of guns and detection points should be controlled by collection and conduction.