中国农情采样网络的组织与实施

首先分析了农情采样网络建设所面临的问题 ,确定了中国农情采样网络的采样目的主要是农作物分类成数调查 ,并将全国划分为 9个采样片分别组织采样队伍进行农情采样的方案。从采样片划分及调整、农情采样队伍建设、农情采样内容、采样频次和采样时间 ,以及质量控制等角度讨论了农情采样网络的组织建设工作。从技术培训、督促、野外采样、室内汇总、质量检查和年终总结等方面介绍了中国农情采样网络的实施情况。实践证明 ,文中介绍的农情采样方案效率高 ,成本低 ,仅用 9个专业小组就完成了全国的农情采样工作 ,是一种符合中国国情的农情采样方案 ,有一定的推广价值。

The Implementation of Sampling Network for Crop Type Proportion

In this paper, the need of implementing sampling network for crop type proportion is analyzed and the strategy to implement the sampling network on regional division, sampling contents, team, frequency and date for different division as well as the quality control was also discussed. The entire country is divided into 7 regions for field sampling by 7 institutes of CAS in 1999, and then 9 regions was optimized in 2002 for better scheduling and meeting the crop calendar. The sampling was to get the crop type proportion for every growing season. According to the crop calendar,different regions have different sampling frequency, for example, north-east region only need to sample once a year, whereas in south China, three times are needed for sameplaces. For each region, the deadlines are settled. The sampling works should be completed and the results have to be delivered before the deadline. Crop type proportions for sampling lines, counties, strata and province were calculated. Guideline and operational criteria are formulated to ensure the quality,and intensive training was made every year for the sampling operators. There are many factors affecting the sampling works. The costs is very high, including wages, vehicles, equipments, training, technical support, etc. The sampling efficiency needs to be improved. Sometimes, proportion data of only a few crop types were collected with many times,consuming a large amount of energy and people resources. How to manage and supervise the sampling team always is a difficult question, and the sampling frequency and schedule should be exactly followed. The quality control is also a problem. It is mostly rely on the sampling team themselves. There are 6 steps to implement it every year. The first step is training and planning at the beginning of the year. The second one is the supervision and technical assistance before and during the sampling procession. Third is the sampling in the field, and then is the calculation in house, and then is the quality control and delivery, and the last step is the summarizing to evaluate the sampling work at the end of the year. The sampling network has been used for 6 years. It shows the sampling network is efficiency.