Carrier-phase inter-frequency biases of GLONASS receivers |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Lambert?WanningerEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Royal Observatory of Belgium, Av. Circulaire 3, 1180 Brussels, Belgium |
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Abstract: | The frequency division multiplexing of the GLONASS signals causes inter-frequency biases in the receiving equipment. These
biases vary considerably for receivers from different manufacturers and thus complicate or prevent carrier-phase ambiguity
fixing. Complete and reliable ambiguity fixing requires a priori information of the carrier-phase inter-frequency bias differences
of the receivers involved. GLONASS carrier-phase inter-frequency biases were estimated for 133 individual receivers from 9
manufacturers. In general, receivers of the same type and even receivers from the same manufacturer show similar biases, whereas
the differences among manufacturers can reach up to 0.2 ns (more than 5 cm) for adjacent frequencies and thus up to 2.4 ns
(73 cm) for the complete L1 or L2 frequency bands. A few individual receivers were identified whose inter-frequency biases
behave differently as compared to other receivers of the same type or whose biases vary with time. |
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